Analysis of Flanged Rectangular Waveguide Probe for Nondestructive Absorbing Materials Characterization Using FDTD Simulation

Abdulkadhim A. Hasan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13

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Analysis of Flanged Rectangular Waveguide Probe for Nondestructive Absorbing Materials Characterization Using FDTD Simulation

Abdulkadhim A. Hasan

Published in American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 4)

Received: 2 November 2014 Accepted: 11 December 2014 Published: 2 July 2015

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Abstract

In this paper, the flanged open-ended rectangular waveguide probe technique is studied using Finite Difference Time-Domain simulation (FDTD). Both generally lossy and high loss electromagnetic materials are considered to investigate the influence of probe flange size, operating frequency and sample thickness on complex permittivity (εr) and permeability (μr) and thickness measurement. Variations in the probe flange size for different frequencies, material under test type and thickness are simulated. It is found that using of waveguide probe with finite flange affects probe input reflection coefficient substantially in some cases. To verify the obtained simulations results, a series of experiments are conducted for this purpose. Both εr and μr of material under test under different measurement conditions are extracted using FDTD modeling and compared with reference data. In order to evaluate the degree of accuracy of this technique, error analysis to various sources of errors and most importantly the effect of finite flange size are also demonstrated by using the measured data compared with the analytical model results. Simulations and measurements results have shown that the consideration of probe flange large enough for the practical purpose to be infinite is restricted by the constitutive parameters (εr and μr) and operating frequency as well as the thickness of the material under test. The FDTD simulations and experiments results are presented.

Published in	American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13
Page(s)	107-115
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

FDTD, Numerical Analysis, Error Analysis, Complex Permittivity and Permeability, Rectangular Waveguide, Reflection Coefficient, EM Properties

References

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[4]	Hyde IV, M. W., J. W. Stewart, M. J. Havrilla, W. P. Baker, E. J. Rothwell, and D. P. Nyquist, “Nondestructive electromagnetic material characterization using a dual waveguide probe: A full wave solution," Radio Sci., Vol. 44, RS 3013, 2009.
[5]	S. Bakhtiary, S. I. Ganchev and R. Zoughi, “ Open-ended rectangular waveguide for nondestructive thickness measurement and variation detection of lossy dielectric slabs backed by a conducting plate,” IEEE Trans. IM, vol. IM-42, pp. 19-42, 1993
[6]	Maode, N., S. Yong, Y. Jinkui, F. Chrnpung, and X. Deming, “An improved open-ended waveguide measurement technique on parameters εr and μr of high- loss materials," IEEE Trans.Instrum. Meas., Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 476-481, April 1999.
[7]	Stewart, J. W. and M. J. Havrilla, “Electromagnetic characterization of a magnetic material using an open- ended waveguide probe and a rigorous full-wave multimode model," in Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 20, No. 14, pp. 2037-2052, 2006.
[8]	G. D. Dester” Error analysis of a two-layer method for the electromagnetic characterization of conductor- backed absorbing materials using an open-ended waveguide probe” Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 26, pp. 1-21, 2010.
[9]	Abdulkhadim A. Hasan, D. Xu, and Y. J.Zhang" Modeling and analysis of finite flange open-ended coaxial probe for planar and convex surface coating material testing by FDTD-method," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 24 no. 2, pp. 117- 120, January 2000.
[10]	K. Shibata O. Hashimoto, and R. K. Pokharel” Analysis of error due to exclusion of higher modes on complex permittivity measurement using waveguide with flange” IEICE Trans. Electron, Vol.E88–C, NO.1 January 2005 pp. 139-142
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[13]	C.-W. Chang, K.-U. Chen, and J. Qian, “Nondestructive determination of electromagnetic parameters of dielectric materials at X-band frequencies using a waveguide probe system,” IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 1084–1092, Oct. 1997.
[14]	K. S. Yee,”Numerical solution of initial boundary-value problems involving Maxwell’s equations in isotropic media”, IEEE Trans Antenna Propag. AP, vol.14. pp. 302-307, 1966.
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APA Style

Abdulkadhim A. Hasan. (2015). Analysis of Flanged Rectangular Waveguide Probe for Nondestructive Absorbing Materials Characterization Using FDTD Simulation. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 3(4), 107-115. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13

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ACS Style

Abdulkadhim A. Hasan. Analysis of Flanged Rectangular Waveguide Probe for Nondestructive Absorbing Materials Characterization Using FDTD Simulation. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2015, 3(4), 107-115. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13

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AMA Style

Abdulkadhim A. Hasan. Analysis of Flanged Rectangular Waveguide Probe for Nondestructive Absorbing Materials Characterization Using FDTD Simulation. Am J Civ Eng. 2015;3(4):107-115. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13,
  author = {Abdulkadhim A. Hasan},
  title = {Analysis of Flanged Rectangular Waveguide Probe for Nondestructive Absorbing Materials Characterization Using FDTD Simulation},
  journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {107-115},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20150304.13},
  abstract = {In this paper, the flanged open-ended rectangular waveguide probe technique is studied using Finite Difference Time-Domain simulation (FDTD). Both generally lossy and high loss electromagnetic materials are considered to investigate the influence of probe flange size, operating frequency and sample thickness on complex permittivity (εr) and permeability (μr) and thickness measurement. Variations in the probe flange size for different frequencies, material under test type and thickness are simulated. It is found that using of waveguide probe with finite flange affects probe input reflection coefficient substantially in some cases. To verify the obtained simulations results, a series of experiments are conducted for this purpose. Both εr and μr of material under test under different measurement conditions are extracted using FDTD modeling and compared with reference data. In order to evaluate the degree of accuracy of this technique, error analysis to various sources of errors and most importantly the effect of finite flange size are also demonstrated by using the measured data compared with the analytical model results. Simulations and measurements results have shown that the consideration of probe flange large enough for the practical purpose to be infinite is restricted by the constitutive parameters (εr and μr) and operating frequency as well as the thickness of the material under test. The FDTD simulations and experiments results are presented.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Flanged Rectangular Waveguide Probe for Nondestructive Absorbing Materials Characterization Using FDTD Simulation
AU  - Abdulkadhim A. Hasan
Y1  - 2015/07/02
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13
T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
SP  - 107
EP  - 115
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13
AB  - In this paper, the flanged open-ended rectangular waveguide probe technique is studied using Finite Difference Time-Domain simulation (FDTD). Both generally lossy and high loss electromagnetic materials are considered to investigate the influence of probe flange size, operating frequency and sample thickness on complex permittivity (εr) and permeability (μr) and thickness measurement. Variations in the probe flange size for different frequencies, material under test type and thickness are simulated. It is found that using of waveguide probe with finite flange affects probe input reflection coefficient substantially in some cases. To verify the obtained simulations results, a series of experiments are conducted for this purpose. Both εr and μr of material under test under different measurement conditions are extracted using FDTD modeling and compared with reference data. In order to evaluate the degree of accuracy of this technique, error analysis to various sources of errors and most importantly the effect of finite flange size are also demonstrated by using the measured data compared with the analytical model results. Simulations and measurements results have shown that the consideration of probe flange large enough for the practical purpose to be infinite is restricted by the constitutive parameters (εr and μr) and operating frequency as well as the thickness of the material under test. The FDTD simulations and experiments results are presented.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Abdulkadhim A. Hasan

Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Kufa University, Al-Najaf, Iraq

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APA Style

Abdulkadhim A. Hasan. (2015). Analysis of Flanged Rectangular Waveguide Probe for Nondestructive Absorbing Materials Characterization Using FDTD Simulation. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 3(4), 107-115. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13

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ACS Style

Abdulkadhim A. Hasan. Analysis of Flanged Rectangular Waveguide Probe for Nondestructive Absorbing Materials Characterization Using FDTD Simulation. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2015, 3(4), 107-115. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13

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AMA Style

Abdulkadhim A. Hasan. Analysis of Flanged Rectangular Waveguide Probe for Nondestructive Absorbing Materials Characterization Using FDTD Simulation. Am J Civ Eng. 2015;3(4):107-115. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13,
  author = {Abdulkadhim A. Hasan},
  title = {Analysis of Flanged Rectangular Waveguide Probe for Nondestructive Absorbing Materials Characterization Using FDTD Simulation},
  journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {107-115},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20150304.13},
  abstract = {In this paper, the flanged open-ended rectangular waveguide probe technique is studied using Finite Difference Time-Domain simulation (FDTD). Both generally lossy and high loss electromagnetic materials are considered to investigate the influence of probe flange size, operating frequency and sample thickness on complex permittivity (εr) and permeability (μr) and thickness measurement. Variations in the probe flange size for different frequencies, material under test type and thickness are simulated. It is found that using of waveguide probe with finite flange affects probe input reflection coefficient substantially in some cases. To verify the obtained simulations results, a series of experiments are conducted for this purpose. Both εr and μr of material under test under different measurement conditions are extracted using FDTD modeling and compared with reference data. In order to evaluate the degree of accuracy of this technique, error analysis to various sources of errors and most importantly the effect of finite flange size are also demonstrated by using the measured data compared with the analytical model results. Simulations and measurements results have shown that the consideration of probe flange large enough for the practical purpose to be infinite is restricted by the constitutive parameters (εr and μr) and operating frequency as well as the thickness of the material under test. The FDTD simulations and experiments results are presented.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Flanged Rectangular Waveguide Probe for Nondestructive Absorbing Materials Characterization Using FDTD Simulation
AU  - Abdulkadhim A. Hasan
Y1  - 2015/07/02
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13
T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
SP  - 107
EP  - 115
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20150304.13
AB  - In this paper, the flanged open-ended rectangular waveguide probe technique is studied using Finite Difference Time-Domain simulation (FDTD). Both generally lossy and high loss electromagnetic materials are considered to investigate the influence of probe flange size, operating frequency and sample thickness on complex permittivity (εr) and permeability (μr) and thickness measurement. Variations in the probe flange size for different frequencies, material under test type and thickness are simulated. It is found that using of waveguide probe with finite flange affects probe input reflection coefficient substantially in some cases. To verify the obtained simulations results, a series of experiments are conducted for this purpose. Both εr and μr of material under test under different measurement conditions are extracted using FDTD modeling and compared with reference data. In order to evaluate the degree of accuracy of this technique, error analysis to various sources of errors and most importantly the effect of finite flange size are also demonstrated by using the measured data compared with the analytical model results. Simulations and measurements results have shown that the consideration of probe flange large enough for the practical purpose to be infinite is restricted by the constitutive parameters (εr and μr) and operating frequency as well as the thickness of the material under test. The FDTD simulations and experiments results are presented.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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