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Study of the Microbiological Quality of Groundwater in the Don Bosco District of Mimboman in the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon

Received: 6 December 2021     Accepted: 5 January 2022     Published: 17 January 2022
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Abstract

Groundwater is a precious and essential natural resource for many uses. Its use for food or hygiene purposes requires an excellent microbiological quality to avoid waterborne diseases. The study objective as to investigate the bacteriological quality of groundwater in the “Don Bosco’’, area located at Mimboman in the city of Yaoundé. Household surveys were conducted to identify the main source of drinking water supply. After identification of the different boreholes, water samples were taken from 10 boreholes. Bacteria were isolated after filtering 100 ml of the sample from each borehole through a 0.45 µm microporosity membrane. This membrane was then deposited on the surface of agar plates incubated at 37°C and 44°C for 24 +/- 2h. After subculturing on different media, the pure bacterial isolates were identified by their cultural and biochemical characteristics. A total of 95 households were surveyed and it was found that the main source of drinking water was boreholes (65.5%). The probable sources of pollution were latrines located above the boreholes (8/10), followed by a lack of disinfection after 6 months (7/10). Bacteriological analyses showed that the borehole water consumed by the population of Don Bosco does not meet WHO standards with a non-conformity of 50% for total flora, 38.8% for total coliforms, 31.5% for faecal coliforms and 31.5% for faecal streptococci. Six (06) general and bacterial species were isolated: group D streptococci (30%), Escherichia coli (30%), Shigella (5%), Salmonella (5%), Yersinia enterocolitica (5%) and Aeromonas (5%). In this study, the detection of a variety of germs in ground water indicates that these waters are unfit for consumption. As a result, there is an urgent need to move the latrines in question and to proceed with regular and appropriate disinfection of the wells in the Don Bosco area in Mimboman district, to guarantee a life quality for the population that consumes this water.

Published in American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajbls.20221001.11
Page(s) 1-6
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Groundwater, Bacteria, Contamination, Mimboman

References
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    Bernadette Fokou Bomgning, Cédric Gueguim, Aurelle Yondo, Maeva Ngouoyou, Alain Ragon, et al. (2022). Study of the Microbiological Quality of Groundwater in the Don Bosco District of Mimboman in the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 10(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20221001.11

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    Bernadette Fokou Bomgning; Cédric Gueguim; Aurelle Yondo; Maeva Ngouoyou; Alain Ragon, et al. Study of the Microbiological Quality of Groundwater in the Don Bosco District of Mimboman in the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2022, 10(1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20221001.11

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    AMA Style

    Bernadette Fokou Bomgning, Cédric Gueguim, Aurelle Yondo, Maeva Ngouoyou, Alain Ragon, et al. Study of the Microbiological Quality of Groundwater in the Don Bosco District of Mimboman in the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2022;10(1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20221001.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20221001.11,
      author = {Bernadette Fokou Bomgning and Cédric Gueguim and Aurelle Yondo and Maeva Ngouoyou and Alain Ragon and Hortense Gonsu Kamga},
      title = {Study of the Microbiological Quality of Groundwater in the Don Bosco District of Mimboman in the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon},
      journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-6},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20221001.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20221001.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20221001.11},
      abstract = {Groundwater is a precious and essential natural resource for many uses. Its use for food or hygiene purposes requires an excellent microbiological quality to avoid waterborne diseases. The study objective as to investigate the bacteriological quality of groundwater in the “Don Bosco’’, area located at Mimboman in the city of Yaoundé. Household surveys were conducted to identify the main source of drinking water supply. After identification of the different boreholes, water samples were taken from 10 boreholes. Bacteria were isolated after filtering 100 ml of the sample from each borehole through a 0.45 µm microporosity membrane. This membrane was then deposited on the surface of agar plates incubated at 37°C and 44°C for 24 +/- 2h. After subculturing on different media, the pure bacterial isolates were identified by their cultural and biochemical characteristics. A total of 95 households were surveyed and it was found that the main source of drinking water was boreholes (65.5%). The probable sources of pollution were latrines located above the boreholes (8/10), followed by a lack of disinfection after 6 months (7/10). Bacteriological analyses showed that the borehole water consumed by the population of Don Bosco does not meet WHO standards with a non-conformity of 50% for total flora, 38.8% for total coliforms, 31.5% for faecal coliforms and 31.5% for faecal streptococci. Six (06) general and bacterial species were isolated: group D streptococci (30%), Escherichia coli (30%), Shigella (5%), Salmonella (5%), Yersinia enterocolitica (5%) and Aeromonas (5%). In this study, the detection of a variety of germs in ground water indicates that these waters are unfit for consumption. As a result, there is an urgent need to move the latrines in question and to proceed with regular and appropriate disinfection of the wells in the Don Bosco area in Mimboman district, to guarantee a life quality for the population that consumes this water.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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    T1  - Study of the Microbiological Quality of Groundwater in the Don Bosco District of Mimboman in the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon
    AU  - Bernadette Fokou Bomgning
    AU  - Cédric Gueguim
    AU  - Aurelle Yondo
    AU  - Maeva Ngouoyou
    AU  - Alain Ragon
    AU  - Hortense Gonsu Kamga
    Y1  - 2022/01/17
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20221001.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20221001.11
    T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
    JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
    JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 6
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-880X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20221001.11
    AB  - Groundwater is a precious and essential natural resource for many uses. Its use for food or hygiene purposes requires an excellent microbiological quality to avoid waterborne diseases. The study objective as to investigate the bacteriological quality of groundwater in the “Don Bosco’’, area located at Mimboman in the city of Yaoundé. Household surveys were conducted to identify the main source of drinking water supply. After identification of the different boreholes, water samples were taken from 10 boreholes. Bacteria were isolated after filtering 100 ml of the sample from each borehole through a 0.45 µm microporosity membrane. This membrane was then deposited on the surface of agar plates incubated at 37°C and 44°C for 24 +/- 2h. After subculturing on different media, the pure bacterial isolates were identified by their cultural and biochemical characteristics. A total of 95 households were surveyed and it was found that the main source of drinking water was boreholes (65.5%). The probable sources of pollution were latrines located above the boreholes (8/10), followed by a lack of disinfection after 6 months (7/10). Bacteriological analyses showed that the borehole water consumed by the population of Don Bosco does not meet WHO standards with a non-conformity of 50% for total flora, 38.8% for total coliforms, 31.5% for faecal coliforms and 31.5% for faecal streptococci. Six (06) general and bacterial species were isolated: group D streptococci (30%), Escherichia coli (30%), Shigella (5%), Salmonella (5%), Yersinia enterocolitica (5%) and Aeromonas (5%). In this study, the detection of a variety of germs in ground water indicates that these waters are unfit for consumption. As a result, there is an urgent need to move the latrines in question and to proceed with regular and appropriate disinfection of the wells in the Don Bosco area in Mimboman district, to guarantee a life quality for the population that consumes this water.
    VL  - 10
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Biology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Littoral Region, Cameroon

  • Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Central Region, Cameroon

  • College of Veterinary Medicine, the University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA

  • Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Central Region, Cameroon

  • Laboratory of Hemodialysis Water Control, Conception Hospital, Marseille, France

  • Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Central Region, Cameroon

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