Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Contaminants of a Hospital Wastewater and Potentials of Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver Grass in Its Phytoremediation

Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima; Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai; Abolude David Sunday; Yahya Ocholi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11

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Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Contaminants of a Hospital Wastewater and Potentials of Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver Grass in Its Phytoremediation

Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima, Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai, Abolude David Sunday, Yahya Ocholi

Published in American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics (Volume 8, Issue 4)

Received: 20 July 2022 Accepted: 9 October 2022 Published: 29 October 2022

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Abstract

Pollution is a major environmental issue in the world due to its adverse effect on living organism. In the past few decades, uncontrolled urbanization has caused serious pollution problem due to the disposal of sewage, industrial and hospital effluents to water bodies. In this study, the Heavy Metals concentration of a hospital wastewater treatment plants in Zaria, Kaduna state was assessed for a whole season to develop a baseline data on the pollution status of the water and the potentials of water hyacinth in the phytoremediation of the water was evaluated for further removal of the contaminants to reduce the pollution to a minimal status. Some Heavy Metals in the wastewater were analyzed like Co, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cd using Digestion and Atomic Absorbance Spectrometry method with T-test statistically and concentrations of 0.03±0.02, 0.13±0.01, 0.057±0.01, 1.00±0.40, 0.25±0.03, 0.18±0.04, 0.04±0.03, 1.31±0.33 and 0.46±0.29 respectively in dry season. And in wet season; Co (0.10±0.07), Cr (0.21±0.03), Cu (0.02±0.00), Mg (2.25±0.56), Mn (0.23±0.03), Ni (0.13±0.04), Pb (0.14±0.06), Zn (2.18±0.47) and Cd (0.47±0.23) were obtained respectively with significant differences at p>0.05 in Cr and Pb concentrations between dry and wet season. Ni and Pb were found to be above acceptable threshold for WHO and NESREA guidelines and standards but within permissible limit for FAO while Cd, Co and Mn were above acceptable limit for the standard guidelines. Phytoremediation is an attractive alternative to the conventional cleanup technologies that employ plants and their associated microorganisms to remove, contain, or rendered harmless environmental contaminants. In this study, Young Plants of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanoides) were used hydroponically for further remediation of the treated effluent, as based on above values of Ni, Pb, Cd, Co, and Mn, showing the effluent is unfit for human consumption or irrigation purposes.

Published in	American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11
Page(s)	97-101
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Heavy Metals, Wastewater, Phytoremediation, Water Hyacinth, Hydroponically

References

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Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima, Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai, Abolude David Sunday, Yahya Ocholi. (2022). Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Contaminants of a Hospital Wastewater and Potentials of Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver Grass in Its Phytoremediation. American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics, 8(4), 97-101. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11

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ACS Style

Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima; Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai; Abolude David Sunday; Yahya Ocholi. Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Contaminants of a Hospital Wastewater and Potentials of Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver Grass in Its Phytoremediation. Am. J. Biol. Environ. Stat. 2022, 8(4), 97-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11

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AMA Style

Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima, Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai, Abolude David Sunday, Yahya Ocholi. Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Contaminants of a Hospital Wastewater and Potentials of Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver Grass in Its Phytoremediation. Am J Biol Environ Stat. 2022;8(4):97-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11,
  author = {Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima and Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai and Abolude David Sunday and Yahya Ocholi},
  title = {Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Contaminants of a Hospital Wastewater and Potentials of Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver Grass in Its Phytoremediation},
  journal = {American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {97-101},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbes.20220804.11},
  abstract = {Pollution is a major environmental issue in the world due to its adverse effect on living organism. In the past few decades, uncontrolled urbanization has caused serious pollution problem due to the disposal of sewage, industrial and hospital effluents to water bodies. In this study, the Heavy Metals concentration of a hospital wastewater treatment plants in Zaria, Kaduna state was assessed for a whole season to develop a baseline data on the pollution status of the water and the potentials of water hyacinth in the phytoremediation of the water was evaluated for further removal of the contaminants to reduce the pollution to a minimal status. Some Heavy Metals in the wastewater were analyzed like Co, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cd using Digestion and Atomic Absorbance Spectrometry method with T-test statistically and concentrations of 0.03±0.02, 0.13±0.01, 0.057±0.01, 1.00±0.40, 0.25±0.03, 0.18±0.04, 0.04±0.03, 1.31±0.33 and 0.46±0.29 respectively in dry season. And in wet season; Co (0.10±0.07), Cr (0.21±0.03), Cu (0.02±0.00), Mg (2.25±0.56), Mn (0.23±0.03), Ni (0.13±0.04), Pb (0.14±0.06), Zn (2.18±0.47) and Cd (0.47±0.23) were obtained respectively with significant differences at p>0.05 in Cr and Pb concentrations between dry and wet season. Ni and Pb were found to be above acceptable threshold for WHO and NESREA guidelines and standards but within permissible limit for FAO while Cd, Co and Mn were above acceptable limit for the standard guidelines. Phytoremediation is an attractive alternative to the conventional cleanup technologies that employ plants and their associated microorganisms to remove, contain, or rendered harmless environmental contaminants. In this study, Young Plants of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanoides) were used hydroponically for further remediation of the treated effluent, as based on above values of Ni, Pb, Cd, Co, and Mn, showing the effluent is unfit for human consumption or irrigation purposes.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Contaminants of a Hospital Wastewater and Potentials of Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver Grass in Its Phytoremediation
AU  - Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima
AU  - Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai
AU  - Abolude David Sunday
AU  - Yahya Ocholi
Y1  - 2022/10/29
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11
T2  - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics
JF  - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics
JO  - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics
SP  - 97
EP  - 101
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2471-979X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11
AB  - Pollution is a major environmental issue in the world due to its adverse effect on living organism. In the past few decades, uncontrolled urbanization has caused serious pollution problem due to the disposal of sewage, industrial and hospital effluents to water bodies. In this study, the Heavy Metals concentration of a hospital wastewater treatment plants in Zaria, Kaduna state was assessed for a whole season to develop a baseline data on the pollution status of the water and the potentials of water hyacinth in the phytoremediation of the water was evaluated for further removal of the contaminants to reduce the pollution to a minimal status. Some Heavy Metals in the wastewater were analyzed like Co, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cd using Digestion and Atomic Absorbance Spectrometry method with T-test statistically and concentrations of 0.03±0.02, 0.13±0.01, 0.057±0.01, 1.00±0.40, 0.25±0.03, 0.18±0.04, 0.04±0.03, 1.31±0.33 and 0.46±0.29 respectively in dry season. And in wet season; Co (0.10±0.07), Cr (0.21±0.03), Cu (0.02±0.00), Mg (2.25±0.56), Mn (0.23±0.03), Ni (0.13±0.04), Pb (0.14±0.06), Zn (2.18±0.47) and Cd (0.47±0.23) were obtained respectively with significant differences at p>0.05 in Cr and Pb concentrations between dry and wet season. Ni and Pb were found to be above acceptable threshold for WHO and NESREA guidelines and standards but within permissible limit for FAO while Cd, Co and Mn were above acceptable limit for the standard guidelines. Phytoremediation is an attractive alternative to the conventional cleanup technologies that employ plants and their associated microorganisms to remove, contain, or rendered harmless environmental contaminants. In this study, Young Plants of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanoides) were used hydroponically for further remediation of the treated effluent, as based on above values of Ni, Pb, Cd, Co, and Mn, showing the effluent is unfit for human consumption or irrigation purposes.
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima

Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai

Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Abolude David Sunday

Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Yahya Ocholi

Departments of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

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APA Style

Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima, Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai, Abolude David Sunday, Yahya Ocholi. (2022). Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Contaminants of a Hospital Wastewater and Potentials of Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver Grass in Its Phytoremediation. American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics, 8(4), 97-101. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11

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Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima; Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai; Abolude David Sunday; Yahya Ocholi. Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Contaminants of a Hospital Wastewater and Potentials of Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver Grass in Its Phytoremediation. Am. J. Biol. Environ. Stat. 2022, 8(4), 97-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11

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AMA Style

Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima, Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai, Abolude David Sunday, Yahya Ocholi. Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Contaminants of a Hospital Wastewater and Potentials of Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver Grass in Its Phytoremediation. Am J Biol Environ Stat. 2022;8(4):97-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11,
  author = {Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima and Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai and Abolude David Sunday and Yahya Ocholi},
  title = {Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Contaminants of a Hospital Wastewater and Potentials of Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver Grass in Its Phytoremediation},
  journal = {American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {97-101},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbes.20220804.11},
  abstract = {Pollution is a major environmental issue in the world due to its adverse effect on living organism. In the past few decades, uncontrolled urbanization has caused serious pollution problem due to the disposal of sewage, industrial and hospital effluents to water bodies. In this study, the Heavy Metals concentration of a hospital wastewater treatment plants in Zaria, Kaduna state was assessed for a whole season to develop a baseline data on the pollution status of the water and the potentials of water hyacinth in the phytoremediation of the water was evaluated for further removal of the contaminants to reduce the pollution to a minimal status. Some Heavy Metals in the wastewater were analyzed like Co, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cd using Digestion and Atomic Absorbance Spectrometry method with T-test statistically and concentrations of 0.03±0.02, 0.13±0.01, 0.057±0.01, 1.00±0.40, 0.25±0.03, 0.18±0.04, 0.04±0.03, 1.31±0.33 and 0.46±0.29 respectively in dry season. And in wet season; Co (0.10±0.07), Cr (0.21±0.03), Cu (0.02±0.00), Mg (2.25±0.56), Mn (0.23±0.03), Ni (0.13±0.04), Pb (0.14±0.06), Zn (2.18±0.47) and Cd (0.47±0.23) were obtained respectively with significant differences at p>0.05 in Cr and Pb concentrations between dry and wet season. Ni and Pb were found to be above acceptable threshold for WHO and NESREA guidelines and standards but within permissible limit for FAO while Cd, Co and Mn were above acceptable limit for the standard guidelines. Phytoremediation is an attractive alternative to the conventional cleanup technologies that employ plants and their associated microorganisms to remove, contain, or rendered harmless environmental contaminants. In this study, Young Plants of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanoides) were used hydroponically for further remediation of the treated effluent, as based on above values of Ni, Pb, Cd, Co, and Mn, showing the effluent is unfit for human consumption or irrigation purposes.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Contaminants of a Hospital Wastewater and Potentials of Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver Grass in Its Phytoremediation
AU  - Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima
AU  - Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai
AU  - Abolude David Sunday
AU  - Yahya Ocholi
Y1  - 2022/10/29
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11
T2  - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics
JF  - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics
JO  - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics
SP  - 97
EP  - 101
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2471-979X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20220804.11
AB  - Pollution is a major environmental issue in the world due to its adverse effect on living organism. In the past few decades, uncontrolled urbanization has caused serious pollution problem due to the disposal of sewage, industrial and hospital effluents to water bodies. In this study, the Heavy Metals concentration of a hospital wastewater treatment plants in Zaria, Kaduna state was assessed for a whole season to develop a baseline data on the pollution status of the water and the potentials of water hyacinth in the phytoremediation of the water was evaluated for further removal of the contaminants to reduce the pollution to a minimal status. Some Heavy Metals in the wastewater were analyzed like Co, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cd using Digestion and Atomic Absorbance Spectrometry method with T-test statistically and concentrations of 0.03±0.02, 0.13±0.01, 0.057±0.01, 1.00±0.40, 0.25±0.03, 0.18±0.04, 0.04±0.03, 1.31±0.33 and 0.46±0.29 respectively in dry season. And in wet season; Co (0.10±0.07), Cr (0.21±0.03), Cu (0.02±0.00), Mg (2.25±0.56), Mn (0.23±0.03), Ni (0.13±0.04), Pb (0.14±0.06), Zn (2.18±0.47) and Cd (0.47±0.23) were obtained respectively with significant differences at p>0.05 in Cr and Pb concentrations between dry and wet season. Ni and Pb were found to be above acceptable threshold for WHO and NESREA guidelines and standards but within permissible limit for FAO while Cd, Co and Mn were above acceptable limit for the standard guidelines. Phytoremediation is an attractive alternative to the conventional cleanup technologies that employ plants and their associated microorganisms to remove, contain, or rendered harmless environmental contaminants. In this study, Young Plants of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanoides) were used hydroponically for further remediation of the treated effluent, as based on above values of Ni, Pb, Cd, Co, and Mn, showing the effluent is unfit for human consumption or irrigation purposes.
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
ER  -

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