Wheat is one of among major staple food crop in Ethiopia. However, several wheat stem rust diseases out break had been caused significant losses of crops in many parts of the country. This research was undertaken to quantify spatial distribution and intensity of Puccinia graminis f.sp.tritici in western and southwestern Ethiopia. The disease parameters were measured from 105 farmer’s fields of 6 districts in four zones. The survey was carried out by purposive multistage sampling methods depending on the importance of the crops at areas. Stem rust was prevalent and widely distributed in all study areas. Analysis of variance indicates fields, districts, and zones significant (p < 0.01) by disease incidence and severity %. ANOVA of disease intensity with altitude, weed management, a wheat variety is grown and growth stage also significant at (p < 0.01). Disease means prevalence ranged from 66.7%-92%in zones and the lowest and the highest being at Jimma and in Assosa zones, respectively. Mean % incidence was in the range of 3.7-47.9, the lowest and the highest being in Dedo and Begi districts in a given order, with the corresponding severities of 4.866.5%. The disease was severe in mid altitude with warmer weather conditions. Correlation analysis indicates, a significant (P < 0.05) and positive association between crop growth stages and disease intensity, incidence (r = 0.10) and severity (r = 0.15) indicating that stem rust is more intense in the later wheat crop growth stages. Stepwise multiple regression in the current study indicates, the strongest predictor for disease severity was the growth stage with the highest β value which is 0.47 and with its highest shared; (0.455)2 = 20.1% and unique (0.429)2 = 18.4% contribution for disease severity. In conclusion, wheat stem rust disease was widely distributed and intense in wheat farms of the west and southwestern Ethiopia and the need to undertake regular monitoring across the study areas.
| Published in | American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics (Volume 8, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajbes.20220803.14 |
| Page(s) | 70-80 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Correlation, Distribution, Intensity, Stem Rust, Stepwise Regression, Wheat
| [1] | Abebe, T., Woldeab, G. & Dawit, W. 2012. Distribution and physiologic races of wheat stem rust in Tigray, Ethiopia. Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, 3, 1-6. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Teklay-Teferi/publication/269543978,doi:10.4172/2157-7471.1000142. |
| [2] | Admassu, B., Lind, V., Friedt, W. & Ordon, F. 2009. Virulenceanalysis of Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici populations in Ethiopia with special consideration of Ug99. Plant Pathology, 58, 362369. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01976.x |
| [3] | Ambika R, Meenakshi D (2018). Wheat Stem Rust Race Ug99: A Shifting Enemy. Int. J. Curr. Microbial. App. Sci.7 (01): 12621266. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcms.2018.701.153. |
| [4] | Bhavani, S., Singh, R., Argillier, O., Huerta Espino, J., Singh, S. & N jau, P. Mapping of durable adult plant stem rust resistance in six CIMMYT wheats to Ug99 group of races. 2011 BGRI technical workshop, St Paul, Minnisota, USA, 2011. 43-53. https://globalrust.org/sites/default/files/2011 |
| [5] | %Cochrane, L., & Bekele, Y. W., 2018. Average crop yield (2001–2017) in Ethiopia: Trends at national, regional and zonal levels. Data in brief, 16, 1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2017.12.039 |
| [6] | Denbel, W., Badebo, A.& Alemu, T. 2013. Evaluation of Ethiopian commercial wheat cultivars for resistance to stem rust of wheat race ‘UG99’. International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production, 4, 15-24. https://www.ijappjournal.com |
| [7] | Ferede, T., Ayenew, A. B., Hanjra, M. A. & Hanjra, M. 2013. Agroecology matters: Impacts of climate change on agriculture and its implications for food security in Ethiopia. Global food security: Emerging issues and economic implications, 71-112. http://www.agriverdes.com.br/biblioteca/biblioteca/Agroecologia/Artigos%20de%20Agroecologia |
| [8] | Fetch, T., Mccallum, B., Menzies, J., Rashid, K. & Tenuta, A. 2011. Rust diseases in Canada. Prairie Soils and Crops, 4, 87-96. https://doi=10.1.1.690.6329 |
| [9] | Figueroa M, Hammond-kosack K, Solomon S (2017). Review of wheat diseases a field perspective. Molecular Plant Pathology. https://doi:10.1111/m:pp.12618. |
| [10] | Gizachew, H. R., Girma, A. S. & Netsanet, B. H. 2019. Evaluation of Ethiopian bread wheat varieties to dominant stem rust races (Pucciniagraminisf.sp.tritici) at seedling stage under greenhouse condition. International Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences, 8, 210-216. http://www.ijagbio.com/.../210-216.pdf |
| [11] | Green, S. & Salkind, N. 2016. Using SPSS for Windows and Macintosh, books alacarte. Pearson, 2, 3. http://wwoof.ro/sites/default/files/applications/pdf-using-spss-for-windows-and-macintosh-7th-edition |
| [12] | Hailu A, Woldeab G, Dawit W, Hailu E., 2015. Distribution of Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. Tritici) in West and southwest shewa zones and Identification of its Physiological Races. Adv Crop Sci Tech 3: 189. doi: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000189 |
| [13] | Hei, N., Shimelis, H. A. & Laing, M. 2017. Appraisal of farmers wheat production constraints and breeding priorities in rust prone agro-ecologies of Ethiopia. African journal of agricultural research, 12, 944-952. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2016.11518 |
| [14] | Krupinsky, J. M., Bailey, K. L., Mcmullen, M. P., Gossen, B. D. & Turkington, T. K. 2002. Managing plant disease risk in diversified cropping systems. Agronomy journal, 94, 198-209. https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/catalog/11508 |
| [15] | Mideksa, T., Fininsa, C. & Hundie, B. 2018. Analysis of Climate Variability Effects on Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp tritici) Epidemics in Bale and Arsi Zones of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics, 4, 49-65. http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ajbesdoi:10.11648/j.ajbes.20180402.12 |
| [16] | Negassa, A., Shiferaw, B., Koo, J., Sonder, K., Smale, M., Braun, H., G begbelegbe, S., Guo, Z., Hodson, D.& Wood, S. 2013. The potential for wheat production in Africa: Analysis of biophysical suitability and economic profitability. https://repository.cimmyt.org/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10883/4015/97365.pdf. |
| [17] | Peterson, R. F., Campbell, A.& Hannah, A. 1948. A diagrammatic scale for estimating rust intensity on leaves and stems of cereals. Canadian journal of research, 26, 496-500. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjr48c-033 |
| [18] | Prank, M., Kenaley, S. C., Bergstrom, G. C., Acevedo, M. & Mahowald, N. M. 2019. Climate change impacts the spread potential of wheat stem rust, a significant crop disease. Environmental Research Letters, 14, 124053. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab57de |
| [19] | Prescott, J. M., Geleta, A. B., Bowman, J., Burnett, P. A., De Milliano, W., Ransom, J. K., Saari, E. E. and Singh, R. P., 2002. Wheat diseases and pests: a guide for field identification. https://repository.cimmyt.org/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10883/3215/13655.pdf |
| [20] | Roelfs, A. P. 1992. Rust diseases of wheat: concepts and methods of disease management, Cimmyty. https://doi.968-6127-4.x https://repository.cimmyt.org/xmlui/handle/10883/1153 |
| [21] | Schielzeth, H. and Nakagawa, S., 2013. Nested by design: model fitting and interpretation in a mixed model era. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 4 (1), pp.14-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-210x.2012.00251.x |
| [22] | Shiferaw B, S male M, Braun J, Duveiller E, Reynolds M, Muricho G, 2013. Crops that feed the world 10. Past successes and future challenges to the role played by wheat in global food security. Food Security, 5 (3): pp.291-317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-011-0140-5 |
| [23] | Singh, R. P., Hodson, D. P., Huerta Espino, J., Jin, Y., Njau, P., Wanyera, R., Herrera Foessel, S. A. & Ward, R. W. 2008. Will stem rust destroy the world's wheat crop? Advances in agronomy, 98, 271-309. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)00205-8 |
| [24] | Stokes, M. E., Davis, C. S. & Koch, G. G. 2012. Categorical data analysis using SAS, SAS institute. https://www.sas.com/catbook |
| [25] | White, J. W., Tanner, D. G. & Corbett, J. D. 2001. An agro-climatological characterization of bread wheat production areas in Ethiopia. https://repository.cimmyt.org/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10883/1022/74272. pdf |
| [26] | Zadoks, J. 1985. Cereal rusts, dogs and stars in antiquity. Cereal Rusts Bulletin, 13, 1-10. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19851308787 |
APA Style
Mosisa Tolossa, Girma Adugna, Bekele Hundie. (2022). Spatial Distribution and Intensity of Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Western and South-Western Ethiopia. American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics, 8(3), 70-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20220803.14
ACS Style
Mosisa Tolossa; Girma Adugna; Bekele Hundie. Spatial Distribution and Intensity of Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Western and South-Western Ethiopia. Am. J. Biol. Environ. Stat. 2022, 8(3), 70-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbes.20220803.14
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajbes.20220803.14,
author = {Mosisa Tolossa and Girma Adugna and Bekele Hundie},
title = {Spatial Distribution and Intensity of Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Western and South-Western Ethiopia},
journal = {American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics},
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {70-80},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajbes.20220803.14},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20220803.14},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbes.20220803.14},
abstract = {Wheat is one of among major staple food crop in Ethiopia. However, several wheat stem rust diseases out break had been caused significant losses of crops in many parts of the country. This research was undertaken to quantify spatial distribution and intensity of Puccinia graminis f.sp.tritici in western and southwestern Ethiopia. The disease parameters were measured from 105 farmer’s fields of 6 districts in four zones. The survey was carried out by purposive multistage sampling methods depending on the importance of the crops at areas. Stem rust was prevalent and widely distributed in all study areas. Analysis of variance indicates fields, districts, and zones significant (p 2 = 20.1% and unique (0.429)2 = 18.4% contribution for disease severity. In conclusion, wheat stem rust disease was widely distributed and intense in wheat farms of the west and southwestern Ethiopia and the need to undertake regular monitoring across the study areas.},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial Distribution and Intensity of Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Western and South-Western Ethiopia AU - Mosisa Tolossa AU - Girma Adugna AU - Bekele Hundie Y1 - 2022/07/28 PY - 2022 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20220803.14 DO - 10.11648/j.ajbes.20220803.14 T2 - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics JF - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics JO - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics SP - 70 EP - 80 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2471-979X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20220803.14 AB - Wheat is one of among major staple food crop in Ethiopia. However, several wheat stem rust diseases out break had been caused significant losses of crops in many parts of the country. This research was undertaken to quantify spatial distribution and intensity of Puccinia graminis f.sp.tritici in western and southwestern Ethiopia. The disease parameters were measured from 105 farmer’s fields of 6 districts in four zones. The survey was carried out by purposive multistage sampling methods depending on the importance of the crops at areas. Stem rust was prevalent and widely distributed in all study areas. Analysis of variance indicates fields, districts, and zones significant (p 2 = 20.1% and unique (0.429)2 = 18.4% contribution for disease severity. In conclusion, wheat stem rust disease was widely distributed and intense in wheat farms of the west and southwestern Ethiopia and the need to undertake regular monitoring across the study areas. VL - 8 IS - 3 ER -
Information
Email: