Food Security Evaluation of Grain and Sugar Yields of Improved Sweet Sorghum Varieties for Sustainable Renewable Energy Supply Using Matrix Correlation

Vishwa Nath Maurya; Bijay Singh; Swammy Vashist; Charanjeet Singh Arneja; Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi; Kamlesh Kumar Shukla

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15

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Food Security Evaluation of Grain and Sugar Yields of Improved Sweet Sorghum Varieties for Sustainable Renewable Energy Supply Using Matrix Correlation

Vishwa Nath Maurya, Bijay Singh, Swammy Vashist, Charanjeet Singh Arneja, Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi, Kamlesh Kumar Shukla

Published in American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics (Volume 1, Issue 1)

Received: 7 June 2015 Accepted: 25 June 2015 Published: 1 July 2015

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Abstract

Present paper aims to food security evaluation of grain and sugar yields of improved sweet sorghum varieties for sustainable renewable energy supply using matrix correlation. As part of research towards ensuring food security and ethanol production for sustainable renewable energy supply in Ghana, field trials were conducted to evaluate the grain yield, brix percentage (sugar content) yield and other agronomic parameters of eighteen (18) improved sweet sorghum lines and two local varieties in the Guinea-Savanna zone of Ghana, where the crop is mainly grown as a staple. The improved sorghum varieties were obtained from the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi –Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India; Ethiopia, France, and Institute for Energy Research (IER), Mali and Nicaragua whereas the local varieties were obtained from the Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI) of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Ghana. The grain yield ranged between 50 - 632 kg/ha. Two sorghum varieties, ICSR 93034 and 104 GRD had the best grain yield. Generally, the brix percentage of stalk juice were between (6.2 – 21.4 %) and ten (10) improved sweet sorghum lines 35127-1-1, 36461-2, IS 23525, IS 23541, IS 23555, IS 23562, IS 23563, IS 23566-1, IS 23566-2 and IS 23574 recorded the best stalk yield and brix % (sugar content) throughout the physiological stages of growth. Generally the sugar content in the stalk juice was lower at the early, mid and late booting stages of physiological growth but increased steadily at the flowering stage and highest during the hard dough stage. On the other hand, the sorghum lines, IS 23562 and IS 23574 showed outstanding performances in terms of both grain and sugar yield and could be suitable varieties for dual-purpose. More also there was correlation (p < 0.05) between all traits measured. It is therefore, concluded that marker-assisted selection could be used to breed for sweet sorghum cultivars in the savannah agro-ecological zones of Northern Ghana to improve grain yields and bio-fuel production.

Published in	American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics (Volume 1, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15
Page(s)	38-45
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Food Security, Brix Percentage, Ethanol, Sweet Sorghum, Sugarcane, Genetic Variation, Renewable Energy, Matrix Correlation

References

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[2]	Arneja C.S., Maurya V.N. and Kaur Gaganpreet, Entrepreneurship development of Punjab farmers based on statistical survey, Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, Scientia Research Library, Georgia, Vol. 2(1), pp. 1-9, 2014, ISSN: 2348-0424, USA CODEN JETRB4
[3]	Fortmeier R. and Schubert S., Storage of non-structural carbohydrates in sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolour (L.) Moench.]: Comparison of sterile and fertile lines. J. Agronomy and Crop Science, Vol. 175, pp189-193, 1995.
[4]	Ganjyal G., Fang Q., and Hanna M.A., Freezing points and small scale de-icing test for salts of levulinic acid made from grain sorghum. Bio-resource Technology, Vol. 98, pp.2814–2818, 2007
[5]	Maurya V.N., Arora Diwinder Kaur, Maurya A.K. and Gautam R.A., Numerical simulation and design parameters in solar photovoltaic water pumping systems, American Journal of Engineering Technology, Academic & Scientific Publishing, New York, USA, Vol.1(1), pp. 1-09, 2013
[6]	Maurya V.N., Arora Diwinder Kaur, Maurya A.K. and Gautam R.A., Exact modelling of annual maximum rainfall with Gumbel and Frechet distributions using parameter estimation techniques, World of Sciences Journal, Engineers Press Publishing, Vienna, Austria, Vol.1(2), pp.11-26, 2013, ISSN: 2307-3071
[7]	Maurya V.N., Maurya A.K. and Kaur D., A survey report on nonparametric hypothesis testing including Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Kolmogorov–Smirnov goodness-fit-test, International Journal of Information Technology & Operations Management, Academic and Scientific Publishing, New York, USA, Vol.1(2), pp. 29-40, 2013, ISSN: 2328-8531
[8]	Maurya V.N., Singh Bijay, Reddy N., Singh V.V., Maurya A.K., Arora D.K., Cost-effective perspective and scenario development on economic optimization for multiple-use dry-season water resource management, American Open Journal of Agricultural Research, Academic & Scientific Publishing, New York, USA, Vol. 2(1), pp. 1-21, 2014, ISSN:2333-2131
[9]	Putnam D.H., Lueschen W E., Kanne B.K. and Hoverstad T.R., A comparison of sweet sorghum cultivars and maize for ethanol production. Journal of Production Agriculture, Vol.4 (3), pp 377-381, 1991
[10]	Sanjeevreddi G.R., Studies on production potential of sweet sorghum [sorghum bicolor (l.) moench] genotypes for grain and ethanol production as influenced by management practices, PhD Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2006.
[11]	Savannah Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Agro-metrological unit. Annual Report, pp.22, 2004
[12]	Schaffert R.E., Sweet sorghum substrate for industrial alcohol: Utilization of sorghum and millets, Proceedings of the International workshop on policy, practice, and potential relating to uses of sorghum and millets, pp. 131-137, 8-12 Feb. 1988, ICRISAT Centre, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, 1992.
[13]	Seetharam A., Biofuel in Africa: A criteria to choose crop models for food and fuel, ATDF Journal Vol.4, pp.3-12, 2005
[14]	Shoemaker C.E. and Bransby D.I., The role of sorghum as a bioenergy feedstock, Department of Agronomy and Soils, 202 Fun chess Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, U.S.A., 2010
[15]	Tarpley L. and Vietor D.M., Compartmentation of sucrose during radial transfer in mature sorghum culm. BMC Plant Biology, Vol. 7,pp .33, 2010.
[16]	Undersander D.J., Lueschen W.E., Smith L.H., Kaminski A.R., Doll J.D., Kelling K.A. and Oplinger, E.S., Sorghum for Syrup, 1990. Also available at http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/syrup.html.

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Vishwa Nath Maurya, Bijay Singh, Swammy Vashist, Charanjeet Singh Arneja, Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi, et al. (2015). Food Security Evaluation of Grain and Sugar Yields of Improved Sweet Sorghum Varieties for Sustainable Renewable Energy Supply Using Matrix Correlation. American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics, 1(1), 38-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15

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ACS Style

Vishwa Nath Maurya; Bijay Singh; Swammy Vashist; Charanjeet Singh Arneja; Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi, et al. Food Security Evaluation of Grain and Sugar Yields of Improved Sweet Sorghum Varieties for Sustainable Renewable Energy Supply Using Matrix Correlation. Am. J. Biol. Environ. Stat. 2015, 1(1), 38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15

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Vishwa Nath Maurya, Bijay Singh, Swammy Vashist, Charanjeet Singh Arneja, Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi, et al. Food Security Evaluation of Grain and Sugar Yields of Improved Sweet Sorghum Varieties for Sustainable Renewable Energy Supply Using Matrix Correlation. Am J Biol Environ Stat. 2015;1(1):38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15,
  author = {Vishwa Nath Maurya and Bijay Singh and Swammy Vashist and Charanjeet Singh Arneja and Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi and Kamlesh Kumar Shukla},
  title = {Food Security Evaluation of Grain and Sugar Yields of Improved Sweet Sorghum Varieties for Sustainable Renewable Energy Supply Using Matrix Correlation},
  journal = {American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics},
  volume = {1},
  number = {1},
  pages = {38-45},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbes.20150101.15},
  abstract = {Present paper aims to food security evaluation of grain and sugar yields of improved sweet sorghum varieties for sustainable renewable energy supply using matrix correlation. As part of research towards ensuring food security and ethanol production for sustainable renewable energy supply in Ghana, field trials were conducted to evaluate the grain yield, brix percentage (sugar content) yield and other agronomic parameters of eighteen (18) improved sweet sorghum lines and two local varieties in the Guinea-Savanna zone of Ghana, where the crop is mainly grown as a staple. The improved sorghum varieties were obtained from the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi –Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India; Ethiopia, France, and Institute for Energy Research (IER), Mali and Nicaragua whereas the local varieties were obtained from the Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI) of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Ghana. The grain yield ranged between 50 - 632 kg/ha. Two sorghum varieties, ICSR 93034 and 104 GRD had the best grain yield. Generally, the brix percentage of stalk juice were between (6.2 – 21.4 %) and ten (10) improved sweet sorghum lines 35127-1-1, 36461-2, IS 23525, IS 23541, IS 23555, IS 23562, IS 23563, IS 23566-1, IS 23566-2 and IS 23574 recorded the best stalk yield and brix % (sugar content) throughout the physiological stages of growth. Generally the sugar content in the stalk juice was lower at the early, mid and late booting stages of physiological growth but increased steadily at the flowering stage and highest during the hard dough stage. On the other hand, the sorghum lines, IS 23562 and IS 23574 showed outstanding performances in terms of both grain and sugar yield and could be suitable varieties for dual-purpose. More also there was correlation (p < 0.05) between all traits measured. It is therefore, concluded that marker-assisted selection could be used to breed for sweet sorghum cultivars in the savannah agro-ecological zones of Northern Ghana to improve grain yields and bio-fuel production.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Food Security Evaluation of Grain and Sugar Yields of Improved Sweet Sorghum Varieties for Sustainable Renewable Energy Supply Using Matrix Correlation
AU  - Vishwa Nath Maurya
AU  - Bijay Singh
AU  - Swammy Vashist
AU  - Charanjeet Singh Arneja
AU  - Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi
AU  - Kamlesh Kumar Shukla
Y1  - 2015/07/01
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15
T2  - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics
JF  - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics
JO  - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics
SP  - 38
EP  - 45
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2471-979X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15
AB  - Present paper aims to food security evaluation of grain and sugar yields of improved sweet sorghum varieties for sustainable renewable energy supply using matrix correlation. As part of research towards ensuring food security and ethanol production for sustainable renewable energy supply in Ghana, field trials were conducted to evaluate the grain yield, brix percentage (sugar content) yield and other agronomic parameters of eighteen (18) improved sweet sorghum lines and two local varieties in the Guinea-Savanna zone of Ghana, where the crop is mainly grown as a staple. The improved sorghum varieties were obtained from the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi –Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India; Ethiopia, France, and Institute for Energy Research (IER), Mali and Nicaragua whereas the local varieties were obtained from the Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI) of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Ghana. The grain yield ranged between 50 - 632 kg/ha. Two sorghum varieties, ICSR 93034 and 104 GRD had the best grain yield. Generally, the brix percentage of stalk juice were between (6.2 – 21.4 %) and ten (10) improved sweet sorghum lines 35127-1-1, 36461-2, IS 23525, IS 23541, IS 23555, IS 23562, IS 23563, IS 23566-1, IS 23566-2 and IS 23574 recorded the best stalk yield and brix % (sugar content) throughout the physiological stages of growth. Generally the sugar content in the stalk juice was lower at the early, mid and late booting stages of physiological growth but increased steadily at the flowering stage and highest during the hard dough stage. On the other hand, the sorghum lines, IS 23562 and IS 23574 showed outstanding performances in terms of both grain and sugar yield and could be suitable varieties for dual-purpose. More also there was correlation (p < 0.05) between all traits measured. It is therefore, concluded that marker-assisted selection could be used to breed for sweet sorghum cultivars in the savannah agro-ecological zones of Northern Ghana to improve grain yields and bio-fuel production.
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Vishwa Nath Maurya

Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, School of Science & Technology, The University of Fiji, Lautoka, Fiji Islands
Bijay Singh

Department of Soil Sciences, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
Swammy Vashist

Department of Accounting & Finance, Dilla University, Gedeo, Ethiopia
Charanjeet Singh Arneja

Department of Agricultural Extension, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi

Department of Earth Science, Eritrea Institute of Technology, Asmara, Eritrea
Kamlesh Kumar Shukla

Department of Management, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Vishwa Nath Maurya, Bijay Singh, Swammy Vashist, Charanjeet Singh Arneja, Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi, et al. (2015). Food Security Evaluation of Grain and Sugar Yields of Improved Sweet Sorghum Varieties for Sustainable Renewable Energy Supply Using Matrix Correlation. American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics, 1(1), 38-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15

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ACS Style

Vishwa Nath Maurya; Bijay Singh; Swammy Vashist; Charanjeet Singh Arneja; Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi, et al. Food Security Evaluation of Grain and Sugar Yields of Improved Sweet Sorghum Varieties for Sustainable Renewable Energy Supply Using Matrix Correlation. Am. J. Biol. Environ. Stat. 2015, 1(1), 38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15

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AMA Style

Vishwa Nath Maurya, Bijay Singh, Swammy Vashist, Charanjeet Singh Arneja, Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi, et al. Food Security Evaluation of Grain and Sugar Yields of Improved Sweet Sorghum Varieties for Sustainable Renewable Energy Supply Using Matrix Correlation. Am J Biol Environ Stat. 2015;1(1):38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15,
  author = {Vishwa Nath Maurya and Bijay Singh and Swammy Vashist and Charanjeet Singh Arneja and Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi and Kamlesh Kumar Shukla},
  title = {Food Security Evaluation of Grain and Sugar Yields of Improved Sweet Sorghum Varieties for Sustainable Renewable Energy Supply Using Matrix Correlation},
  journal = {American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics},
  volume = {1},
  number = {1},
  pages = {38-45},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbes.20150101.15},
  abstract = {Present paper aims to food security evaluation of grain and sugar yields of improved sweet sorghum varieties for sustainable renewable energy supply using matrix correlation. As part of research towards ensuring food security and ethanol production for sustainable renewable energy supply in Ghana, field trials were conducted to evaluate the grain yield, brix percentage (sugar content) yield and other agronomic parameters of eighteen (18) improved sweet sorghum lines and two local varieties in the Guinea-Savanna zone of Ghana, where the crop is mainly grown as a staple. The improved sorghum varieties were obtained from the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi –Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India; Ethiopia, France, and Institute for Energy Research (IER), Mali and Nicaragua whereas the local varieties were obtained from the Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI) of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Ghana. The grain yield ranged between 50 - 632 kg/ha. Two sorghum varieties, ICSR 93034 and 104 GRD had the best grain yield. Generally, the brix percentage of stalk juice were between (6.2 – 21.4 %) and ten (10) improved sweet sorghum lines 35127-1-1, 36461-2, IS 23525, IS 23541, IS 23555, IS 23562, IS 23563, IS 23566-1, IS 23566-2 and IS 23574 recorded the best stalk yield and brix % (sugar content) throughout the physiological stages of growth. Generally the sugar content in the stalk juice was lower at the early, mid and late booting stages of physiological growth but increased steadily at the flowering stage and highest during the hard dough stage. On the other hand, the sorghum lines, IS 23562 and IS 23574 showed outstanding performances in terms of both grain and sugar yield and could be suitable varieties for dual-purpose. More also there was correlation (p < 0.05) between all traits measured. It is therefore, concluded that marker-assisted selection could be used to breed for sweet sorghum cultivars in the savannah agro-ecological zones of Northern Ghana to improve grain yields and bio-fuel production.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Food Security Evaluation of Grain and Sugar Yields of Improved Sweet Sorghum Varieties for Sustainable Renewable Energy Supply Using Matrix Correlation
AU  - Vishwa Nath Maurya
AU  - Bijay Singh
AU  - Swammy Vashist
AU  - Charanjeet Singh Arneja
AU  - Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi
AU  - Kamlesh Kumar Shukla
Y1  - 2015/07/01
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15
T2  - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics
JF  - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics
JO  - American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics
SP  - 38
EP  - 45
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2471-979X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbes.20150101.15
AB  - Present paper aims to food security evaluation of grain and sugar yields of improved sweet sorghum varieties for sustainable renewable energy supply using matrix correlation. As part of research towards ensuring food security and ethanol production for sustainable renewable energy supply in Ghana, field trials were conducted to evaluate the grain yield, brix percentage (sugar content) yield and other agronomic parameters of eighteen (18) improved sweet sorghum lines and two local varieties in the Guinea-Savanna zone of Ghana, where the crop is mainly grown as a staple. The improved sorghum varieties were obtained from the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi –Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India; Ethiopia, France, and Institute for Energy Research (IER), Mali and Nicaragua whereas the local varieties were obtained from the Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI) of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Ghana. The grain yield ranged between 50 - 632 kg/ha. Two sorghum varieties, ICSR 93034 and 104 GRD had the best grain yield. Generally, the brix percentage of stalk juice were between (6.2 – 21.4 %) and ten (10) improved sweet sorghum lines 35127-1-1, 36461-2, IS 23525, IS 23541, IS 23555, IS 23562, IS 23563, IS 23566-1, IS 23566-2 and IS 23574 recorded the best stalk yield and brix % (sugar content) throughout the physiological stages of growth. Generally the sugar content in the stalk juice was lower at the early, mid and late booting stages of physiological growth but increased steadily at the flowering stage and highest during the hard dough stage. On the other hand, the sorghum lines, IS 23562 and IS 23574 showed outstanding performances in terms of both grain and sugar yield and could be suitable varieties for dual-purpose. More also there was correlation (p < 0.05) between all traits measured. It is therefore, concluded that marker-assisted selection could be used to breed for sweet sorghum cultivars in the savannah agro-ecological zones of Northern Ghana to improve grain yields and bio-fuel production.
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
ER  -

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