| Peer-Reviewed

Spontaneous Combustion Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Sulfur Corrosion Products in Petroleum Refining Equipment

Received: 28 July 2022     Accepted: 11 August 2022     Published: 24 August 2022
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

With the continuous development of China's economy, the demand for petroleum energy continues to rise. High sulfur crude oil leads to the formation of sulfur corrosion products in petroleum refining equipment and its spontaneous combustion hazard seriously threatens the safety production in the petrochemical field. To explore spontaneous combustion of the sulfur corrosion products in oil refining equipment, the formation of sulfur corrosion products and its preparing method were described in detail. And the spontaneous combustion characteristics and its influencing factors were interpreted and the current relevant prevention and control technology of sulfur corrosion products spontaneous combustion was classified. The results show that the spontaneous combustion of sulfur corrosion products can be divided into three stages. The spontaneous combustion characteristics of sulfur corrosion products are simulated under working conditions. The prevention and control technology can be divided into raw material desulfurization, equipment anti-corrosion, corrosion monitoring and industrial prevention and treatment. Influencing factors are divided into product properties and external environments. Based on the properties of sulfur corrosion products, the influencing factors include particle size, moisture content and vulcanization mode. In terms of the external environment, the influencing factors include air flow, oxygen concentration, ambient temperature, heating rate and oil products. It provides a theoretical basis for solving the spontaneous combustion of sulfur corrosion products in petroleum refining equipment.

Published in American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajaic.20220602.12
Page(s) 36-46
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Spontaneous Combustion, Sulfur Corrosion Products, Prevention Technology, Influencing Factors

References
[1] Wang, Jiayi., T, Lei., F, Xiaoqing. (2022). Seven new trends in the oil industry and five reform proposals. Energy of China, 44 (03), 39-43.
[2] Walker, R., Steele, A. D., Morgan, D. T. (1996). Pyrophoric nature of iron sulfides. Industrial & engineering chemistry research, 35 (5), 1747-1752.
[3] Zhang, Z. H. (2009). Study on influence factors for the formation of iron sulfides and its pyrophorisity. Northeastern University.
[4] Backensto, E. B., Drew, R. D., Vlachos, J. N. (1956) Hydrogen sulfide corrosion in sovaformers. Petroleum Refiner, 35 (8), 165.
[5] An, C. X., & Ning, Z. (1999). Sulfur corrosion and prevention in petroleum processing. petroleum Refinery Engineering. (08), 61-67.
[6] Jianli, L. I. (2000). Hydrogen sulfide corrosion in petro chemical industry. Corrosion Science and Protection Technology, 12 (6), 346-349.
[7] Gao, X. D., Zhu, Y. Z. (2001). Effects of processing high sulfur crude oil on storage tanks. Corrosion and Protection of Petrochemical Industry. (06), 39-41.
[8] Sheng-Ping, Z., & Jun-Cheng, J. (2010). Thermal analysis hydrodynamics study on fes. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science). (05), 164-167+173.
[9] Cai X. (2015). Pyrite compound low temperature oxidation process and dynamics research. Zhengzhou university.
[10] Li, Z. J., Jiang, W., & Chen, T. (2018). Kinetic analysis on oxidation and spontaneous combustion of iron sulfides. Journal of Safety Science and Technology. (01), 24-29.
[11] Zhang, Y., Juncheng, J., Longsen, H., Fengyi, M., Zhan, D., & Mingguang, Z., et al. (2017). Oxidation experiment of sulfurized rusts in crude oil tank. Journal of Nanjing Tech University (Natural ence Edition).
[12] Gao, J. C., Man, X., Shen, J., Meng, Q., & Zhou, S. (2017). Synthesis of pyrophoric active ferrous sulfide with oxidation behavior under hypoxic conditions. Vacuum, 143, 386-394.
[13] Shang, L. Y. (2018). Study on formation and pyrophorisity of iron sulfides and its process of spontaneous combustion. Northeastern University.
[14] Shao, W. Y., Tang, Z. F., Zhang, Z. H., Zhao, S. L., & Shang, L.. (2015). Research on the oxidation reactions of ferrous sulfide. Journal of Safety and Environment. (05), 119-122.
[15] Gao, J. C., Man, X. M., Zhu, J. H., & Meng, Q. Q. (2016). Spontaneous combustion of active ferrous sulfide and its apparent kinetics. China Safety Science Journal. (10), 30-35.
[16] Gao, J. C., Zhou, S. Y., Zhu, J. H., Yang, J. L., Sun, W., & Zhao, Y., et al. The preparation of active ferrous sulfide and the study on it's self-ignition characteristics. Journal of Beijing Institute of Petro-Chemical Technology. (01), 1-5.
[17] Dou, Z., Jiang J. C., Zhao, S. P.,& Mao, G. B.. (2014). The generation and spontaneous combustion of low temperature sulfur corrosion products in storage tanks. Corrosion science and protection technology (04), 365-372.
[18] Hong, R.. (2020). Oil tank corrosion products thermal dynamic characteristics, and the evaluation of the self-ignition orientation. China university of measurement.
[19] Hui, L., Zhao, S., Xie, Z., Zhu, K., Xu, X., & Ding, X., et al. (2018). Investigation of the pyrophoric tendency of the powder of corrosion products in an oil tank. Powder Technology. 339, 296-305.
[20] Zhang, L. J.. (2017). Study on the iron sulfide oxidation process under low temperatures. Zhengzhou University.
[21] Song, H. R.. (2014). Pyrite compound gas phase passivation mechanism. Qingdao university of science and technology.
[22] Yang, Y. X., Jiang, J. C., & Zhao, S. P.. (2010). Study on the oxidation tendency of ferrous sulfide based on thermo-gravimetric analysis. journal of safety and environment. (01), 178-180.
[23] Zhao, S. P., Jiang, J. C., & Yang, Y. X.. (2010). Thermal kinetic analysis on oxidation of FeS based on thermal gravimetric experiments. Acta Petrolei Sinica (Petroleum Processing Section), 26 (6), 972.
[24] Xd, A., Xd, B., Zl, C., Xd, D., Hs, D., & Jw, D., et al. (2021). Corrosion analysis and anti-corrosion measures of oil casing of sulfur content gas wells: a case study of daniudi gas field in the ordos basin - science direct. Energy Reports, 7, 1280-1292.
[25] Yang, R. R., Wang, Z. R., Jiang J. C., & Lu, Y. W.. (2020). Cause analysis and prevention measures of fire and explosion caused by sulfur corrosion - science direct. Engineering Failure Analysis 108, 104342.
[26] Bian, H., Jiang, J., Zhu, Z., et al. (2022). Design and implementation of an early-stage monitoring system for iron sulfides oxidation. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 165: 181-190.
[27] Chu, C. W., Zhu, Z. C., Bian, H. T., & Jiang, J. C.. (2021). Design of self-heating test platform for sulfide corrosion and oxidation based on fuzzy pid temperature control system. Measurement and Control -London- Institute of Measurement and Control-(5), 002029402110203.
[28] Zhu, X. G.. (2018). Present situation and development of fcc fgd technology. Chemical Engineering Design Communications.
[29] Shui, C., & Company, S. J.. (2019). Application status and existing problems of fcc flue gas de-sox/de-nox technology. (05), 49-55.
[30] Tong, J. L.. (2019). Analysis of corrosion status of sour crude oil on storage tanks and discussion on anti-corrosion measures. Total Corrosion Control (02), 76-78.
[31] Lu, Y., Wang, Z., Dou, Z., Zhen, Y., & Jiang, F.. (2018). Study of corrosion of oil tank parts and gas-phase space in different tanks. Process Safety Progress, 37 (3), 419-426.
[32] Zhang, D. P., Sun, M. M., Cao, X. K., & Dong, Z. H.. (2020). Progress in corrosion inhibitor evaluation and corrosion monitoring technology in oil and gas industry. Surface technology (11), 1-12.
[33] Guo, S. Q., Ai, J. Q., & Wang, D. P.. (2020). Analysis of on-line corrosion monitoring technology for oil refining units. Current Chemical Research (20), 28-29.
[34] Guo, L.. (2021). Application of corrosion monitoring technology in refining plant. Total Corrosion Control (08), 168-173.
[35] Zhan, J. D., Gao J. C., Liu, S. S., Zhang, Y., Cao, X. D., Yang, Z. Y. F., & Ma F. F.. (2021). Research progress on spontaneous combustion mechanism and accident prevention of active ferrous sulfide. Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection (09), 11-16.
[36] Reformatskaya, I. I., Begishev, I. R., Ascheulova, I. I., & Podobaev, A. N.. (2020). Nitrogen protection as anticorrosion and fireproofing measure in the use of sour crude oil storage tanks. Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, 56 (7-8), 563-568.
[37] Feng, X.. (2006). Spontaneous burning in sulfur contained oil tank and protection measures. Process Equipment & Piping. (04), 61-64.
[38] Chi, X.. (2004). Important significance of application of nitrogen sealed technology to light oil tank. Petrochemical Safety Technology.
[39] Qi, Z. J.. (2017). Cause analysis and disposal of spontaneous combustion of ferrous sulfide during cleaning of oil storage tanks. Safety, Health and Environment, 017 (004), 5-7.
[40] Xun, G., & Xin, J.. (2013). A novel foam cleaning agent for removal of sulfur-iron compounds in petrochemical storage equipments. Petrochemical Technology. (09), 1035-1038.
[41] Oliinik, V., Korovnikova, N., & Dubyna, O.. (2021). Research of pyrophoric compounds in order to reduce their hazard. Materials Science Forum, 1038, 454-459.
[42] Shen, J., Yuan, T. Y., Zhang, Y. P., Long, Z. C., Xi, H. E., & Gao, J. C.. (2019). Study on spontaneous combustion characteristics and activity inhibition of ferrous sulfide. Applied Chemical Industry. (05), 1110-1113.
[43] Zhao, X., Liu, M., Feiyue, X. I., & Zhang, L.. (2019). Research on the air passivation mechanism of iron sulfide. Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection. (01), 30-33.
[44] China Petroleum and Chemical Co., LTD. & China Petroleum and Chemical Co., LTD. Qingdao Safety Engineering Research Institute (2014-02-05). CN101988179B.
[45] Xi, F. Y.. (2017). The cleaning technology of pyrite compounds research. zhengzhou university.
[46] Montgomery, B.. (2015). Method for Treating Oil Refinery Equipment to Oxidize Pyrophoric Iron Sulfide. US20150217343A1.
[47] Dou, Z., Shen, S., Jiang, J., Wang, Z., & Chen, Q.. (2020). Oxidizing-gas-based passivation of pyrophoric iron sulfides. Chemical Engineering Communications (4), 1-10.
[48] Dai, H. Y., Dai, S. b., Gao, J. C., Shen, J., Bai, S. X. & Liu, X. l.. (2021). Effect of oxygen concentration on passivation behavior of spontaneous combustion ferrous sulfide. Journal of Safety and Environment (05), 2045-2050.
[49] Zhan, J. D.. (2021). Experimental gas-phase passivation offerrous sulfide and molecular simulation study. Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology.
[50] Kong, D., Liu, P., Ping, P., & Chen, G.. (2016). Evaluation of the pyrophoric risk of sulfide mineral in storage. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, S0950423016302170.
[51] Liu, H., Hong, R., Xiang, C., Lv, C., & Li, H.. Visualization and analysis of mapping knowledge domains for spontaneous combustion studies - science direct. Fuel, 262.
[52] Asaki, Z., & Kondo, Y.. (1989). Oxidation kinetics of iron sulfide in the form of dense plate, pellet and single particle. Journal of thermal analysis. 35 (6).
[53] Ping, L. I., Jian Dong, L. I., Zhai, Y. C., Zhang, Z. H., & Zhang, F. H.. (2004). Spontaneous combustion behavior of ferrous sulfide in oil tank containing suplhur. Corrosion Science and Protection Technology. (06), 401-403.
[54] Zhao, S. P., Wu, Y. H., & Jiang, J. C.. (2010). Rheology-mutation study on spontaneous combustion of sour oil storage tanks. Fire Protection Technology and Product Information, 000 (009), 36-39.
[55] Wei, X. U., Zhang, S., & Wang, Z.. (2015). Study on auto-ignition temperature of ferrous sulfide. Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection. (06), 36-38.
[56] Zhu, W. F. (2018). Study on correlation between quantitative structures of sulfur corrosion products and spontaneous combustion of oil storage tanks. Fuzhou university.
[57] Wan, X.. (2009). Effect of water on rust sulfide pyrophoricity from inner-face of tank. Yunnan Chemical Technology. (03), 5-7.
[58] Ping, L. I., Wei, Y. E., Zhang, Z. H., Zhao, S. L., & Zhai, Y. C.. (2004). Investigation of natural oxidation tendency for ferrous sulfide. Journal of Combustion Science and Technology. (02), 168-170.
[59] Zhao, X. E., & Jiang, J. C.. (2007). Mechanism and effect factors for spontaneous combustion of iron sulfide in natural environment. Journal of Combustion Science and Technology. (05), 443-447.
[60] Dou, Z., Jiang, J., Wang, Z., Zhao, S., Yang, H., & Mao, G.. (2014). Kinetic analysis for spontaneous combustion of sulfurized rust in oil tanks. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 32, 387-392.
[61] Dou, Z., Jiang, J. C., Zhao, S. P., et al. (2015). Experimental investigation on oxidation of sulfurized rust in oil tank. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2015, 38: 156-162.
[62] Wan, X., & Zhao, S. L.. (2009). Influence of relative humidity on pyrophoricity of iron sulfides. Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition). (04), 304-306.
[63] Liu, H., Hong, R., Lang, Z., Yao, J., & Liu, X.. (2021). Evaluation of the spontaneous combustion tendency of corrosion products in oil tanks based on topsis methodologies. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 71 (3), 104475.
[64] Zhao, X. F.. (2013). Experimental Investigation on the Spontaneous Combustion Kinetics of Ferrous Sulfide. Wuhan University of Technology.
[65] Cai, Z. L., Jiang, J. C., Zhao, S. P., Zhan, D., & Mao, G. B.. (2016). The impact of air flow rate on the oxidation self-heating of sulfur corrosion products in oil tank. Fire Science and Technology. (02), 145-148.
[66] Wan, X., Zhao, S. L., Ping, L. I., & Zhang, Z. H.. (2005). Influence of oxygen concentration on pyrophoricity of iron sulphide. Corrosion & Protection. (12), 512-514+526.
[67] Lv, W., Yu, D., Wu, J., Yu, X., Du, Y., & Yao, H., et al. (2016). A kinetic study on oxidation of ferrous sulfide (fes) in mixtures of CO2 and H2O. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 36 (2), 2173-2180.
[68] Zhang, F. H., Zhang, Z. H., Li, P., Zhao, Y., & Zhao, S. L. (2005). Investigation of natural oxidation tendency for oil tanks containing sulfur. Journal of Petrochemical Universities. (02), 5-7+87.
[69] Yan, B. L., Liu, G. C., & Wang, L. D. (2009). Formation and spontaneous combustion tendency of sulfide products from oil refinery equipment corrosion in low-temperature location. Petro-Chemical Equipment. (02), 4-8.
[70] Li, Z., Cai, R., & Xu, Y. (2021). Numerical Analysis of the Spontaneous Combustion Accidents of Oil Storage Tanks Containing Sulfur. Processes, 9 (4), 626.
[71] YunFei, H. U., Liu, H., Wang, Z. X., & Xie, Z. W. (2014). Identification of spontaneous combustion disaster source for tank of oil containing sulfur based on inversion method of point heat source. China Safety Science Journal. (08), 49-55.
[72] Yunfei, H. U., Liu, H., Yueming, F. U., Xie, Z., & Wang, Z. (2014). Numerical simulation of temperature field of spontaneous combustion disaster sources for oil tanks containing sulfur. Journal of China University of Metrology. (04), 366-371.
[73] Depeng Kong, Peng, R., Sun, X., Zhang, J., Ping, P., & Jin, D. (2019). Study of the influence of crude oil on the spontaneous combustion risk of sulfurized rust in crude oil tanks. Fuel. 2019. 255 (C).
[74] Yin, M., & Zijun, L. I.. (2019) Experimental study on factors influencing spontaneous combustion of oil containing sulfur storage tanks. 29 (03): 45-50.
[75] Yang, F., Zhu, W., & Liu, X.. (2016). Analysis of factors influencing spontaneous combustion of oil tanks containing sulfur based on ism and interval-numbe. China Safety Science Journal. (09), 62-66.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Jiancun Gao, Shaokang Jia, Qin Xu, Siyuan Wu, Hongbin Sui. (2022). Spontaneous Combustion Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Sulfur Corrosion Products in Petroleum Refining Equipment. American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry, 6(2), 36-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20220602.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Jiancun Gao; Shaokang Jia; Qin Xu; Siyuan Wu; Hongbin Sui. Spontaneous Combustion Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Sulfur Corrosion Products in Petroleum Refining Equipment. Am. J. Appl. Ind. Chem. 2022, 6(2), 36-46. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20220602.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Jiancun Gao, Shaokang Jia, Qin Xu, Siyuan Wu, Hongbin Sui. Spontaneous Combustion Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Sulfur Corrosion Products in Petroleum Refining Equipment. Am J Appl Ind Chem. 2022;6(2):36-46. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20220602.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajaic.20220602.12,
      author = {Jiancun Gao and Shaokang Jia and Qin Xu and Siyuan Wu and Hongbin Sui},
      title = {Spontaneous Combustion Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Sulfur Corrosion Products in Petroleum Refining Equipment},
      journal = {American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry},
      volume = {6},
      number = {2},
      pages = {36-46},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajaic.20220602.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20220602.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaic.20220602.12},
      abstract = {With the continuous development of China's economy, the demand for petroleum energy continues to rise. High sulfur crude oil leads to the formation of sulfur corrosion products in petroleum refining equipment and its spontaneous combustion hazard seriously threatens the safety production in the petrochemical field. To explore spontaneous combustion of the sulfur corrosion products in oil refining equipment, the formation of sulfur corrosion products and its preparing method were described in detail. And the spontaneous combustion characteristics and its influencing factors were interpreted and the current relevant prevention and control technology of sulfur corrosion products spontaneous combustion was classified. The results show that the spontaneous combustion of sulfur corrosion products can be divided into three stages. The spontaneous combustion characteristics of sulfur corrosion products are simulated under working conditions. The prevention and control technology can be divided into raw material desulfurization, equipment anti-corrosion, corrosion monitoring and industrial prevention and treatment. Influencing factors are divided into product properties and external environments. Based on the properties of sulfur corrosion products, the influencing factors include particle size, moisture content and vulcanization mode. In terms of the external environment, the influencing factors include air flow, oxygen concentration, ambient temperature, heating rate and oil products. It provides a theoretical basis for solving the spontaneous combustion of sulfur corrosion products in petroleum refining equipment.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Spontaneous Combustion Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Sulfur Corrosion Products in Petroleum Refining Equipment
    AU  - Jiancun Gao
    AU  - Shaokang Jia
    AU  - Qin Xu
    AU  - Siyuan Wu
    AU  - Hongbin Sui
    Y1  - 2022/08/24
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20220602.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaic.20220602.12
    T2  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
    JF  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
    JO  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
    SP  - 36
    EP  - 46
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2994-7294
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20220602.12
    AB  - With the continuous development of China's economy, the demand for petroleum energy continues to rise. High sulfur crude oil leads to the formation of sulfur corrosion products in petroleum refining equipment and its spontaneous combustion hazard seriously threatens the safety production in the petrochemical field. To explore spontaneous combustion of the sulfur corrosion products in oil refining equipment, the formation of sulfur corrosion products and its preparing method were described in detail. And the spontaneous combustion characteristics and its influencing factors were interpreted and the current relevant prevention and control technology of sulfur corrosion products spontaneous combustion was classified. The results show that the spontaneous combustion of sulfur corrosion products can be divided into three stages. The spontaneous combustion characteristics of sulfur corrosion products are simulated under working conditions. The prevention and control technology can be divided into raw material desulfurization, equipment anti-corrosion, corrosion monitoring and industrial prevention and treatment. Influencing factors are divided into product properties and external environments. Based on the properties of sulfur corrosion products, the influencing factors include particle size, moisture content and vulcanization mode. In terms of the external environment, the influencing factors include air flow, oxygen concentration, ambient temperature, heating rate and oil products. It provides a theoretical basis for solving the spontaneous combustion of sulfur corrosion products in petroleum refining equipment.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • School of Safety Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, China

  • School of Safety Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, China

  • School of Safety Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, China

  • School of Safety Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, China

  • School of Safety Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, China

  • Sections