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Effect of Salt Enrichment on Electricity Generation and Waste Water Treatment in a Microbial Fuel Using Oxygen as Electron Acceptors

Received: 29 August 2016     Accepted: 21 October 2016     Published: 14 November 2016
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Abstract

One way to reduce treatment cost while producing useful products from wastewater is the microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology. It provides a means of treating wastewater with simultaneous production of energy. In the present study, the H-type MFC was used to study the effect of salt enrichment on electricity generation using carbon and copper electrodes with oxygen as electron acceptor. Wastewater from septic tank was used as substrate, one set of which was enriched with 1M NaCl. The voltage and current generated were monitored using a multimeter which was connected to the anode and cathode by a copper wire. Oxygen was used as electron acceptor at the cathode chamber. Voltage and current readings were taken per hour per day for 15days. Wastewater treatability was determined by comparing the biological oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total dissolved solid (TDS) of the wastewaters before and after treatment. The results show that the fuel cells generated voltages and currents that varied according to the electrode used. Salt enrichment enhanced the efficiency of both current and voltage generation in the MFCs. Carbon electrode MFC performed better than copper electrode MFC. Both the enriched and the un-enriched MFCs had very high percentage removal of BOD, DO, COD and TDS in both carbon and copper electrode MFCs. Do and BOD percentage removals were at least 60% in all the MFCs while the CODs removals were at least 50% in all the treatments. The least percentage wastewater parameter removal was observed in TDS of salt-enriched copper electrode MFC. The study proved that wastewater can be conveniently treated using MFC. The best option would be to use salt-enrichment in a carbon-electrode microbial fuel cell.

Published in Advances in Applied Sciences (Volume 1, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.aas.20160103.14
Page(s) 69-77
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

MFC, Waste Water Treatment, Electricity Generation, Salt Enrichment

References
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    Akujob Campbell Onyeka, Odu Ngozi Nma, Okorondu Sylvester Ifunanya. (2016). Effect of Salt Enrichment on Electricity Generation and Waste Water Treatment in a Microbial Fuel Using Oxygen as Electron Acceptors. Advances in Applied Sciences, 1(3), 69-77. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aas.20160103.14

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    ACS Style

    Akujob Campbell Onyeka; Odu Ngozi Nma; Okorondu Sylvester Ifunanya. Effect of Salt Enrichment on Electricity Generation and Waste Water Treatment in a Microbial Fuel Using Oxygen as Electron Acceptors. Adv. Appl. Sci. 2016, 1(3), 69-77. doi: 10.11648/j.aas.20160103.14

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    AMA Style

    Akujob Campbell Onyeka, Odu Ngozi Nma, Okorondu Sylvester Ifunanya. Effect of Salt Enrichment on Electricity Generation and Waste Water Treatment in a Microbial Fuel Using Oxygen as Electron Acceptors. Adv Appl Sci. 2016;1(3):69-77. doi: 10.11648/j.aas.20160103.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.aas.20160103.14,
      author = {Akujob Campbell Onyeka and Odu Ngozi Nma and Okorondu Sylvester Ifunanya},
      title = {Effect of Salt Enrichment on Electricity Generation and Waste Water Treatment in a Microbial Fuel Using Oxygen as Electron Acceptors},
      journal = {Advances in Applied Sciences},
      volume = {1},
      number = {3},
      pages = {69-77},
      doi = {10.11648/j.aas.20160103.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aas.20160103.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aas.20160103.14},
      abstract = {One way to reduce treatment cost while producing useful products from wastewater is the microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology. It provides a means of treating wastewater with simultaneous production of energy. In the present study, the H-type MFC was used to study the effect of salt enrichment on electricity generation using carbon and copper electrodes with oxygen as electron acceptor. Wastewater from septic tank was used as substrate, one set of which was enriched with 1M NaCl. The voltage and current generated were monitored using a multimeter which was connected to the anode and cathode by a copper wire. Oxygen was used as electron acceptor at the cathode chamber. Voltage and current readings were taken per hour per day for 15days. Wastewater treatability was determined by comparing the biological oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total dissolved solid (TDS) of the wastewaters before and after treatment. The results show that the fuel cells generated voltages and currents that varied according to the electrode used. Salt enrichment enhanced the efficiency of both current and voltage generation in the MFCs. Carbon electrode MFC performed better than copper electrode MFC. Both the enriched and the un-enriched MFCs had very high percentage removal of BOD, DO, COD and TDS in both carbon and copper electrode MFCs. Do and BOD percentage removals were at least 60% in all the MFCs while the CODs removals were at least 50% in all the treatments. The least percentage wastewater parameter removal was observed in TDS of salt-enriched copper electrode MFC. The study proved that wastewater can be conveniently treated using MFC. The best option would be to use salt-enrichment in a carbon-electrode microbial fuel cell.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effect of Salt Enrichment on Electricity Generation and Waste Water Treatment in a Microbial Fuel Using Oxygen as Electron Acceptors
    AU  - Akujob Campbell Onyeka
    AU  - Odu Ngozi Nma
    AU  - Okorondu Sylvester Ifunanya
    Y1  - 2016/11/14
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aas.20160103.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.aas.20160103.14
    T2  - Advances in Applied Sciences
    JF  - Advances in Applied Sciences
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    EP  - 77
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-1514
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aas.20160103.14
    AB  - One way to reduce treatment cost while producing useful products from wastewater is the microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology. It provides a means of treating wastewater with simultaneous production of energy. In the present study, the H-type MFC was used to study the effect of salt enrichment on electricity generation using carbon and copper electrodes with oxygen as electron acceptor. Wastewater from septic tank was used as substrate, one set of which was enriched with 1M NaCl. The voltage and current generated were monitored using a multimeter which was connected to the anode and cathode by a copper wire. Oxygen was used as electron acceptor at the cathode chamber. Voltage and current readings were taken per hour per day for 15days. Wastewater treatability was determined by comparing the biological oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total dissolved solid (TDS) of the wastewaters before and after treatment. The results show that the fuel cells generated voltages and currents that varied according to the electrode used. Salt enrichment enhanced the efficiency of both current and voltage generation in the MFCs. Carbon electrode MFC performed better than copper electrode MFC. Both the enriched and the un-enriched MFCs had very high percentage removal of BOD, DO, COD and TDS in both carbon and copper electrode MFCs. Do and BOD percentage removals were at least 60% in all the MFCs while the CODs removals were at least 50% in all the treatments. The least percentage wastewater parameter removal was observed in TDS of salt-enriched copper electrode MFC. The study proved that wastewater can be conveniently treated using MFC. The best option would be to use salt-enrichment in a carbon-electrode microbial fuel cell.
    VL  - 1
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Microbiology Department, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria

  • Microbiology Department, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

  • Microbiology Department, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria

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