@article{10.11648/j.wjmcr.20230403.12,
  author = {Ochuko Otokunefor and Collins Amadi and Kelachi Thankgod Wala and Emmanuel Mustapha Owamagbe and Bright Chike Amadi and Adekemi Layo Kiyesi and Chidozie Johnbosco Okafor and Ini John Ntuenibok},
  title = {Characteristics and Determinants of COVID-19-Associated AKI Among Patients of COVID-19 in Rivers State, Nigeria},
  journal = {World Journal of Medical Case Reports},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {35-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wjmcr.20230403.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjmcr.20230403.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjmcr.20230403.12},
  abstract = {Background: Severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is reportedly associated with acute renal injuries (AKI). However, this has been characterized majorly among Caucasians who have pre-existing confounding comorbidities that may also induce AKI, and hence, limit the conclusions of these previous studies. Consequently, the current study evaluated AKI incidence and associated factors among Nigerian COVID-19 patients of Negroid race who are without any pre-existing comorbid conditions. Methods: This was a retrospectively-designed observational study conducted among COVID-19 patients who presented at a COVID-19-designated treatment facility in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Demographic, medical, and laboratory data obtained upon presentation were acquired and analyzed by AKI status using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Upon presentation, AKI occurred among 46.4% (n=181) of the entire studied population (n=390) which were majorly of stage 1, etiologically pre-renal, community-acquired, and of transient clinical course. Most of the AKI occurred among males, those with severe COVID-19 variants, and those who are unvaccinated against the disease. Those with COVID-19-associated AKI also had higher levels of peak plasma creatinine, plasma C-reactive protein, serum D-dimer, plasma osmolality, proteinuria, and hematuria but lower levels of within 24-hour urine volume, urine specific gravity, and urine osmolality compared to the non-AKI sub-group upon presentation. However, AKI patients with concurrent severe COVID-19 had a higher preponderance of stage 3, intra-renal and persistent AKI compared to patients with non-severe COVID-19 disease. In multivariate models, severe COVID-19 variant (OR: 6.017; CI: 5.880–6.422; p Conclusion: AKI is common among COVID-19 patients independent of pre-existing comorbidities. The various COVID-19-associated AKI risk factors identified in the current study are valuable parameters that may guide clinical management among COVID-19 patients.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characteristics and Determinants of COVID-19-Associated AKI Among Patients of COVID-19 in Rivers State, Nigeria
AU  - Ochuko Otokunefor
AU  - Collins Amadi
AU  - Kelachi Thankgod Wala
AU  - Emmanuel Mustapha Owamagbe
AU  - Bright Chike Amadi
AU  - Adekemi Layo Kiyesi
AU  - Chidozie Johnbosco Okafor
AU  - Ini John Ntuenibok
Y1  - 2023/08/05
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjmcr.20230403.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.wjmcr.20230403.12
T2  - World Journal of Medical Case Reports
JF  - World Journal of Medical Case Reports
JO  - World Journal of Medical Case Reports
SP  - 35
EP  - 43
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-726X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjmcr.20230403.12
AB  - Background: Severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is reportedly associated with acute renal injuries (AKI). However, this has been characterized majorly among Caucasians who have pre-existing confounding comorbidities that may also induce AKI, and hence, limit the conclusions of these previous studies. Consequently, the current study evaluated AKI incidence and associated factors among Nigerian COVID-19 patients of Negroid race who are without any pre-existing comorbid conditions. Methods: This was a retrospectively-designed observational study conducted among COVID-19 patients who presented at a COVID-19-designated treatment facility in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Demographic, medical, and laboratory data obtained upon presentation were acquired and analyzed by AKI status using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Upon presentation, AKI occurred among 46.4% (n=181) of the entire studied population (n=390) which were majorly of stage 1, etiologically pre-renal, community-acquired, and of transient clinical course. Most of the AKI occurred among males, those with severe COVID-19 variants, and those who are unvaccinated against the disease. Those with COVID-19-associated AKI also had higher levels of peak plasma creatinine, plasma C-reactive protein, serum D-dimer, plasma osmolality, proteinuria, and hematuria but lower levels of within 24-hour urine volume, urine specific gravity, and urine osmolality compared to the non-AKI sub-group upon presentation. However, AKI patients with concurrent severe COVID-19 had a higher preponderance of stage 3, intra-renal and persistent AKI compared to patients with non-severe COVID-19 disease. In multivariate models, severe COVID-19 variant (OR: 6.017; CI: 5.880–6.422; p Conclusion: AKI is common among COVID-19 patients independent of pre-existing comorbidities. The various COVID-19-associated AKI risk factors identified in the current study are valuable parameters that may guide clinical management among COVID-19 patients.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  - 

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