Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding Could Reduce the Rate of Miscarriage

Kaima Abdullah Frass; Amat-Al Karem Ali Al Huri; Abdelrahman Hasan Al Harazi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12

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Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding Could Reduce the Rate of Miscarriage

Kaima Abdullah Frass, Amat-Al Karem Ali Al Huri, Abdelrahman Hasan Al Harazi

Published in Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Volume 5, Issue 3)

Received: 3 May 2017 Accepted: 11 May 2017 Published: 28 June 2017

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Abstract

This is a prospective study conducted to examine the possible benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing the symptoms of threatened miscarriage as well as decreasing the rate of progression into spontaneous miscarriage in women with first trimester vaginal bleeding. This study was conducted at Al Thawra General Hospital over a year (from Jan. to Dec 2016). Ninety-two women with threatened miscarriage during the first trimester were included (case group) and compared to 90 pregnant women without vaginal bleeding with similar parity and gestational age. Amoxicillin-clavulanate drug was given for all cases of the study group during vaginal bleeding. Both groups were monitored up to 28 weeks gestational age. Among 92 women with threatened miscarriage, only three cases (3.2%) had spontaneous loss (P < 0.001). Vaginal bleeding was significantly relieved within 3 days of antibiotic administration (P < 0.00). Results of this study give evidence that antibiotic prophylaxis for women with threatened miscarriage reduces the amount and duration of vaginal bleeding, and decreases the rate of progression into spontaneous miscarriage.

Published in	Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Volume 5, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12
Page(s)	42-45
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Women, First-Trimester Bleeding, Miscarriage, Antibiotic

References

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[2]	Maged AM, AI Mostafa M. Biochemical and ultrasonographic predictors of outcome in threatened miscarriage. Middle East Fertility Society Journal 2013; 18, 177–181.
[3]	Tamizian O, Arulkumaran S. Bleeding in early pregnancy. Current Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2004; 14, 23–33.
[4]	Davari-Tanha F, Shariat M, Kaveh M, Ebrahimi M, Jalalvand S. Threatened miscarriage: a risk factor for poor pregnancy outcome. Acta Medica Iranica. 2008; 46(4):314-20.
[5]	Paspulati RM, Bhatt S, Nour SG. Sonographic evaluation of first trimester bleeding. Radiol Clin North Am. 2008; 46(2):437.
[6]	Wijesiriwardana, A., Bhattacharya, S., Shetty, A., et al. Obstetric outcome in women with threatened mis-carriage in the first trimester. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2006; 107, 557-562.
[7]	Tibaldi C, Cappello N,. Latino MA, Polarolo G, Masuelli G, Cavallo F, et al. Maternal risk factors for abnormal vaginal flora during pregnancy. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2016; 133: 89–93.
[8]	Visnovsky J, Biskupska-Bodova K, Cabanova B, Kudela E, Dokus K. Early Fetal Loss and Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection. GynecolObstet2013; 3(5):3-5.
[9]	Ou MC, Pang CC, Chen FM, Su CH, Ou D. Antibiotic treatment for threatened abortion during the early first trimester in women with previous spontaneous abortion. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2001; 80:753–756. [PubMed].
[10]	Jamshidi M, Jahromi1AS, Davoodian P, Amirian M, Zangeneh M, JadcarehF et al. Seropositivity for listeria monocytogenes in women with spontaneous abortion: A case-control study in Iran. Taiwan J ObstetGynecol• 2009; 48 (1):46-48.
[11]	Tannirandorn Y, Sangsawang S, Manotaya S et al. Fetal loss in threatened miscarriage after embryonic/ fetal heart activity. Int J GynaecolObstet2003; 81:263-6.
[12]	Agrawal S, Khoiwal S, Jayant K, Agarwal R. Predicting adverse maternal and perinatal outcome after threatened miscarriage. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2014; 4(1):1-7.
[13]	Fonseca TM, Cesar JA, Mendoza-Sassi RA, Schmidt EB. Pathological vaginal discharge among pregnant women: pattern of occurrence and association in a population-based survey. ObstetGynecol Int. 2013; 2013:590416.
[14]	Dadkhah F, Kashanian M, Eliasi G. A comparison between the pregnancy outcome in women both with or without threatened miscarriage. Early Human Development 2010;86: 193–196.
[15]	Johns J, Jauniaux E. Threatened miscarriage as a predictor of obstetric outcome.ObstetGynecol2006; 107(4):845–50.
[16]	Calleja-Agius JC, Calleja N, Brincat M, Dorianne Spiteri D. Obstetric outcome in cases of threatened spontaneous miscarriage. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2010 Jul; 110(1):75-6.

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APA Style

Kaima Abdullah Frass, Amat-Al Karem Ali Al Huri, Abdelrahman Hasan Al Harazi. (2017). Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding Could Reduce the Rate of Miscarriage. Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 5(3), 42-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12

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ACS Style

Kaima Abdullah Frass; Amat-Al Karem Ali Al Huri; Abdelrahman Hasan Al Harazi. Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding Could Reduce the Rate of Miscarriage. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2017, 5(3), 42-45. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12

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AMA Style

Kaima Abdullah Frass, Amat-Al Karem Ali Al Huri, Abdelrahman Hasan Al Harazi. Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding Could Reduce the Rate of Miscarriage. J Gynecol Obstet. 2017;5(3):42-45. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12

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@article{10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12,
  author = {Kaima Abdullah Frass and Amat-Al Karem Ali Al Huri and Abdelrahman Hasan Al Harazi},
  title = {Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding Could Reduce the Rate of Miscarriage},
  journal = {Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics},
  volume = {5},
  number = {3},
  pages = {42-45},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jgo.20170503.12},
  abstract = {This is a prospective study conducted to examine the possible benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing the symptoms of threatened miscarriage as well as decreasing the rate of progression into spontaneous miscarriage in women with first trimester vaginal bleeding. This study was conducted at Al Thawra General Hospital over a year (from Jan. to Dec 2016). Ninety-two women with threatened miscarriage during the first trimester were included (case group) and compared to 90 pregnant women without vaginal bleeding with similar parity and gestational age. Amoxicillin-clavulanate drug was given for all cases of the study group during vaginal bleeding. Both groups were monitored up to 28 weeks gestational age. Among 92 women with threatened miscarriage, only three cases (3.2%) had spontaneous loss (P < 0.001). Vaginal bleeding was significantly relieved within 3 days of antibiotic administration (P < 0.00). Results of this study give evidence that antibiotic prophylaxis for women with threatened miscarriage reduces the amount and duration of vaginal bleeding, and decreases the rate of progression into spontaneous miscarriage.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding Could Reduce the Rate of Miscarriage
AU - Kaima Abdullah Frass
AU - Amat-Al Karem Ali Al Huri
AU - Abdelrahman Hasan Al Harazi
Y1 - 2017/06/28
PY - 2017
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12
DO - 10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12
T2 - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
JF - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
JO - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
SP - 42
EP - 45
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2376-7820
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12
AB - This is a prospective study conducted to examine the possible benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing the symptoms of threatened miscarriage as well as decreasing the rate of progression into spontaneous miscarriage in women with first trimester vaginal bleeding. This study was conducted at Al Thawra General Hospital over a year (from Jan. to Dec 2016). Ninety-two women with threatened miscarriage during the first trimester were included (case group) and compared to 90 pregnant women without vaginal bleeding with similar parity and gestational age. Amoxicillin-clavulanate drug was given for all cases of the study group during vaginal bleeding. Both groups were monitored up to 28 weeks gestational age. Among 92 women with threatened miscarriage, only three cases (3.2%) had spontaneous loss (P < 0.001). Vaginal bleeding was significantly relieved within 3 days of antibiotic administration (P < 0.00). Results of this study give evidence that antibiotic prophylaxis for women with threatened miscarriage reduces the amount and duration of vaginal bleeding, and decreases the rate of progression into spontaneous miscarriage.
VL - 5
IS - 3
ER -

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Author Information

Kaima Abdullah Frass

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana’a, Yemen
Amat-Al Karem Ali Al Huri

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana’a, Yemen
Abdelrahman Hasan Al Harazi

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Thamar University, Sana’a, Yemen

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APA Style

Kaima Abdullah Frass, Amat-Al Karem Ali Al Huri, Abdelrahman Hasan Al Harazi. (2017). Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding Could Reduce the Rate of Miscarriage. Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 5(3), 42-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12

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ACS Style

Kaima Abdullah Frass; Amat-Al Karem Ali Al Huri; Abdelrahman Hasan Al Harazi. Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding Could Reduce the Rate of Miscarriage. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2017, 5(3), 42-45. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12

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AMA Style

Kaima Abdullah Frass, Amat-Al Karem Ali Al Huri, Abdelrahman Hasan Al Harazi. Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding Could Reduce the Rate of Miscarriage. J Gynecol Obstet. 2017;5(3):42-45. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12

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@article{10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12,
  author = {Kaima Abdullah Frass and Amat-Al Karem Ali Al Huri and Abdelrahman Hasan Al Harazi},
  title = {Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding Could Reduce the Rate of Miscarriage},
  journal = {Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics},
  volume = {5},
  number = {3},
  pages = {42-45},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20170503.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jgo.20170503.12},
  abstract = {This is a prospective study conducted to examine the possible benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing the symptoms of threatened miscarriage as well as decreasing the rate of progression into spontaneous miscarriage in women with first trimester vaginal bleeding. This study was conducted at Al Thawra General Hospital over a year (from Jan. to Dec 2016). Ninety-two women with threatened miscarriage during the first trimester were included (case group) and compared to 90 pregnant women without vaginal bleeding with similar parity and gestational age. Amoxicillin-clavulanate drug was given for all cases of the study group during vaginal bleeding. Both groups were monitored up to 28 weeks gestational age. Among 92 women with threatened miscarriage, only three cases (3.2%) had spontaneous loss (P < 0.001). Vaginal bleeding was significantly relieved within 3 days of antibiotic administration (P < 0.00). Results of this study give evidence that antibiotic prophylaxis for women with threatened miscarriage reduces the amount and duration of vaginal bleeding, and decreases the rate of progression into spontaneous miscarriage.},
 year = {2017}
}

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