@article{10.11648/j.ijpbs.20160103.15,
  author = {Gregory Tsoucalas and Stamati Bourelia and Anastasios Markellos and Vasiliki Kalogirou and Styliani Giatsiou and Olga Repana and Presveia Gatou and Ifigeneia Georgousi and Anna Maria Xanthi and Andromachi Korenti and Nikolaos Kosmas and Antonios Antoniou and Konstantinos Gatos},
  title = {Gatos Questionnaire for Early Detection of Suspicious Signs for Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementia Syndromes - GQEDSS - ADRDS Q160 v 1.0. Preliminary Results},
  journal = {International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {69-85},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijpbs.20160103.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20160103.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijpbs.20160103.15},
  abstract = {Dementia presents a cluster of syndromes the effect human brain. It rises various social-economic and health care issues that are difficult to be confronted. Early detection of the possibility of an examinee to be inflicted by a dementia syndrome is an all neurologists quest. Our interdisciplinary team for some year know created a questionnaire that depicts a series of items that could have been changed before the diagnosis of a dementia to be set. Material and Method: More than 180 items were included in the questionnaire. The validation process excluded 26 items. Then n1=55 examinees enrolled to our study in order to be watched for 5 years (n2=26 were diagnosed with dementia). At the end of this period 26 were inflicted by a dementia (mostly Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia). All answered the GQEDSS - ADRDS Q160 v 1.0 (3 demographic items and 157 Likert scale items), and the MMSE questionnaires. A statistical analysis of the questionnaire was followed. The scree test formed 54 factors, followed by a key item analysis (15 key items) to simplify factors analysis' complexity. Conver¬gent or Criterion validity of the GQEDSS - ADRDS questionnaire was determined by establishing its correlation to the MMSE score using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Discriminant validity tested whether concepts or measurements that are supposed to be unrelated are, in fact, unrelated. Internal consistency validity of the GQEDSS - ADRDS was determined by calculating Cronbach alpha coefficient. Test-retest reliability (stability) was also performed. Results: The Bartlett Test of Sphericity was 2527.2 and it was significant (p<0.0015). The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy was equal to 0.801 showing that the data is suitable for factor analysis. The 160 items were analysed via maximum likelihood extraction method using a Varimax rotation. The correlation coefficients presented p<0.0005. The cut-off points (total summary of 700 scoring points) were set to a: a) < 120, there is a relatively small change, b) 121-180, there is a mediocre change, c) 181-220, there is a relatively good change, and d) >221, there is a relatively high change. Discussion: Although our study presents an intriguing questionnaire, our sample does not meet the Stevens' criteria. Small sample, examiners' subjectivity, non-randomized sample - Convenience, or consecutive sampling (all clients in the outpatient clinic), questionnaire longevity could present a series of BIASes. More study, co-operation with other specialized centres, and a better methodology are required.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Gatos Questionnaire for Early Detection of Suspicious Signs for Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementia Syndromes - GQEDSS - ADRDS Q160 v 1.0. Preliminary Results
AU  - Gregory Tsoucalas
AU  - Stamati Bourelia
AU  - Anastasios Markellos
AU  - Vasiliki Kalogirou
AU  - Styliani Giatsiou
AU  - Olga Repana
AU  - Presveia Gatou
AU  - Ifigeneia Georgousi
AU  - Anna Maria Xanthi
AU  - Andromachi Korenti
AU  - Nikolaos Kosmas
AU  - Antonios Antoniou
AU  - Konstantinos Gatos
Y1  - 2016/12/20
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20160103.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20160103.15
T2  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
SP  - 69
EP  - 85
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1573
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20160103.15
AB  - Dementia presents a cluster of syndromes the effect human brain. It rises various social-economic and health care issues that are difficult to be confronted. Early detection of the possibility of an examinee to be inflicted by a dementia syndrome is an all neurologists quest. Our interdisciplinary team for some year know created a questionnaire that depicts a series of items that could have been changed before the diagnosis of a dementia to be set. Material and Method: More than 180 items were included in the questionnaire. The validation process excluded 26 items. Then n1=55 examinees enrolled to our study in order to be watched for 5 years (n2=26 were diagnosed with dementia). At the end of this period 26 were inflicted by a dementia (mostly Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia). All answered the GQEDSS - ADRDS Q160 v 1.0 (3 demographic items and 157 Likert scale items), and the MMSE questionnaires. A statistical analysis of the questionnaire was followed. The scree test formed 54 factors, followed by a key item analysis (15 key items) to simplify factors analysis' complexity. Conver¬gent or Criterion validity of the GQEDSS - ADRDS questionnaire was determined by establishing its correlation to the MMSE score using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Discriminant validity tested whether concepts or measurements that are supposed to be unrelated are, in fact, unrelated. Internal consistency validity of the GQEDSS - ADRDS was determined by calculating Cronbach alpha coefficient. Test-retest reliability (stability) was also performed. Results: The Bartlett Test of Sphericity was 2527.2 and it was significant (p<0.0015). The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy was equal to 0.801 showing that the data is suitable for factor analysis. The 160 items were analysed via maximum likelihood extraction method using a Varimax rotation. The correlation coefficients presented p<0.0005. The cut-off points (total summary of 700 scoring points) were set to a: a) < 120, there is a relatively small change, b) 121-180, there is a mediocre change, c) 181-220, there is a relatively good change, and d) >221, there is a relatively high change. Discussion: Although our study presents an intriguing questionnaire, our sample does not meet the Stevens' criteria. Small sample, examiners' subjectivity, non-randomized sample - Convenience, or consecutive sampling (all clients in the outpatient clinic), questionnaire longevity could present a series of BIASes. More study, co-operation with other specialized centres, and a better methodology are required.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  - 

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