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The Rational-Empiric Model of the Functional Intellect and the Structural Brain

Received: 16 February 2022     Accepted: 4 March 2022     Published: 12 March 2022
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Abstract

The traditional conflict in epistemology has been between rationalism and empiricism. Philosophers have often tried to align themselves in one of these schools even though a close reading of some of their writings may suggest they may often have used both varyingly, one more than the other. This paper demonstrates that both rationalism and empiricism work together and are thus called the rational-empiric model. The paper extends the scope of the rational-empiric model to also evolving cognitive developments and other aspects of reasoning such as computational thought and makes an effort towards summarizing the nature of human reason by explaining the functional intellect and the structural brain since the time of Aristotle to date drawing from theology, philosophy, logic, computer science, and psychology. The paper presents the rational-empiric model in a broader in-depth context with supporting ideas and evidence. Various literature on theology, logic, philosophy, and psychology has been used to elaborate on the concepts. The paper concludes that the purpose of the rational empiric model is to discover knowledge by finding and understanding ontologies as they exist and function or as they ought to exist and function.

Published in International Journal of Philosophy (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.14
Page(s) 17-22
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Rationalism, Empiricism, Critical Thinking, Cognitive Psychology, Memory, Computational Thought, Divine Law, Theology, Epistemology

References
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[2] Kuhn, T. S. (1970). The structure of scientific revolutions. University Of Chicago Press, Ch. 9, 10.
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[6] Watson, J. B. (1930). Behaviorism (Rev. ed.). New York, NY: Norton.
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[11] Sheehy, N. (2004). Fifty key thinkers in psychology. London; New York: Routledge, pp. 188–193.
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[15] Fosl, P. S. and Baggini, J. (2020). The philosopher’s toolkit: a compendium of philosophical concepts and methods. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell.
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[17] Association, A. P. (n.d.). APA Dictionary of Psychology. [online] dictionary.apa.org. Available at: https://dictionary.apa.org/gestalt-psychology.
[18] Smith, P. (2003). An introduction to Formal Logic. Cambridge, England; New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 6, 7, 14.
[19] N. Chomsky, "Three models for the description of language," in IRE Transactions on Information Theory, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 113-124, September 1956, doi: 10.1109/TIT.1956.1056813.
[20] Abbott, R. and Sun, C. (2008). Abstraction abstracted. Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on The role of abstraction in software engineering - ROA ’08.
[21] S. N. Srihari and V. Govindaraju. 2003. Pattern recognition. Encyclopedia of Computer Science. John Wiley and Sons Ltd., GBR, 1375–1382.
[22] Matthew K. Farrens and Andrew R. Pleszkun. 2003. Pipeline. Encyclopedia of Computer Science. John Wiley and Sons Ltd., GBR, 1405–1408.
[23] Mushfequr Rahman, M. (2021). Understanding Science and Preventing It from Becoming Pseudoscience. International Journal of Philosophy, 9 (3), p. 127.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Mohammad Mushfequr Rahman. (2022). The Rational-Empiric Model of the Functional Intellect and the Structural Brain. International Journal of Philosophy, 10(1), 17-22. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.14

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    ACS Style

    Mohammad Mushfequr Rahman. The Rational-Empiric Model of the Functional Intellect and the Structural Brain. Int. J. Philos. 2022, 10(1), 17-22. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.14

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    AMA Style

    Mohammad Mushfequr Rahman. The Rational-Empiric Model of the Functional Intellect and the Structural Brain. Int J Philos. 2022;10(1):17-22. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.14,
      author = {Mohammad Mushfequr Rahman},
      title = {The Rational-Empiric Model of the Functional Intellect and the Structural Brain},
      journal = {International Journal of Philosophy},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {17-22},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijp.20221001.14},
      abstract = {The traditional conflict in epistemology has been between rationalism and empiricism. Philosophers have often tried to align themselves in one of these schools even though a close reading of some of their writings may suggest they may often have used both varyingly, one more than the other. This paper demonstrates that both rationalism and empiricism work together and are thus called the rational-empiric model. The paper extends the scope of the rational-empiric model to also evolving cognitive developments and other aspects of reasoning such as computational thought and makes an effort towards summarizing the nature of human reason by explaining the functional intellect and the structural brain since the time of Aristotle to date drawing from theology, philosophy, logic, computer science, and psychology. The paper presents the rational-empiric model in a broader in-depth context with supporting ideas and evidence. Various literature on theology, logic, philosophy, and psychology has been used to elaborate on the concepts. The paper concludes that the purpose of the rational empiric model is to discover knowledge by finding and understanding ontologies as they exist and function or as they ought to exist and function.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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    AB  - The traditional conflict in epistemology has been between rationalism and empiricism. Philosophers have often tried to align themselves in one of these schools even though a close reading of some of their writings may suggest they may often have used both varyingly, one more than the other. This paper demonstrates that both rationalism and empiricism work together and are thus called the rational-empiric model. The paper extends the scope of the rational-empiric model to also evolving cognitive developments and other aspects of reasoning such as computational thought and makes an effort towards summarizing the nature of human reason by explaining the functional intellect and the structural brain since the time of Aristotle to date drawing from theology, philosophy, logic, computer science, and psychology. The paper presents the rational-empiric model in a broader in-depth context with supporting ideas and evidence. Various literature on theology, logic, philosophy, and psychology has been used to elaborate on the concepts. The paper concludes that the purpose of the rational empiric model is to discover knowledge by finding and understanding ontologies as they exist and function or as they ought to exist and function.
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Author Information
  • College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, School of Psychology University of Derby, Derby, UK

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