Assessment of Formal Institutions Across the Timber Value Chain in Liwale and Ruangwa Districts, Tanzania

Mary Chuzi Magiri; Jumanne Moshi Abdallah

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13

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Assessment of Formal Institutions Across the Timber Value Chain in Liwale and Ruangwa Districts, Tanzania

Mary Chuzi Magiri, Jumanne Moshi Abdallah

Published in International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management (Volume 8, Issue 3)

Received: 19 July 2023 Accepted: 18 August 2023 Published: 31 August 2023

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Abstract

In developing an inclusive and sustainable timber value chain, institutions are important for structuring and governing the interactions of the actors to effect value creation and addition to timber products. Therefore, this study aims at assessing the rules and regulations awareness, enforcement, compliance and costs associated with the timber value chain in Liwale and Ruangwa districts, Tanzania. Data collection methods for this study includes key informant interviews and researcher’s own observations. Secondary Data were also gathered from various sources from within and outside the districts. Findings reveal that most people were aware of the rules and regulations involved in value chain but their level of awareness differed depending on factors like education level that an individual timber dealer had, time of exposure in the timber business and the goals that each one had on their business. Enforcement of the rules and regulations was found to be strong in Liwale compared to Ruangwa district. In addition, the compliance of the rules and regulations was high in Liwale than in Ruangwa. However, most of the actors who are timber dealers complained about high costs which is associated with compliance to the rules and regulations governing their businesses. Therefore, increasing awareness so that actors could comply with the laws and regulation could help in solving these challenges in Ruangwa district. Reducing costs and bureaucracy associated with the implementation of the rules and regulation governing timber value chain in both districts will increase benefits and efficiency in timber value chain Tanzania. Findings of this study may be beneficial to policy makers, developmental partners, other stakeholders and the people working along the timber value chain.

Published in	International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management (Volume 8, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13
Page(s)	118-124
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Institutions, Timber Value Chain, Rules and Regulations, Awareness, Enforcement, Costs, Compliance

References

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[3]	Clever, F. (2012). Development through Bricolage: Rethinking Institutions for Natural Resource Management. London: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.
[4]	Estoque, R. C., Dasgupta, R., Winkler, K., Avitabile, V., Johnson, B. A., Myint, S. W. and Lasco, R. D. (2022). Spatiotemporal pattern of global forest change over the past 60 years and the forest transion theory. Environmental Research Letters.
[5]	FAO. (2020). Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 Report: United Republic of Tanzania.
[6]	Goldman, M. J., Shruthi, N., Jagadeesh, T., Meng'oru, N. and Lakshmi, M. G. (2021). Women's stories and knowledge of wildlife and conservation practice in northern Tanzania and South India. Oryx 55 (6): 818 – 826.
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[8]	Hulsen, S. C. Van, Visseren-hamakers, I. J., and Conservation, N. (2014). Upgrading in the timber value chain by a community forest organization in Lomerío, Lowlands Bolivia; Case study Puesto Nuevo. Journal of Forest and Livelihood, 34.
[9]	Hulusjo, D. (2013). A value chain analysis for timber in four East African countries.
[10]	Martin, R. (2021). Institutions, Governance, and Upgrading in Non-Industrial Private Forestry Value Chain in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. A Thesis Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Sokoine University. SUAForestry, 1.
[11]	Mhando, D.., Lusambo, Leopard, P., and Nyanda, S. (2022). Dynamics of Timber Value Chain in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. Tanzania Journal of Forestry and Nature Conservation, 91 (1), 1–19.
[12]	MNRT. (2021). National Forestry Research Master Plan III (NAFORM III) 2021 - 2031. Naform iii, 2021–2031.
[13]	Mohan, S. (2016). Institutional Change in Value Chains: Evidence from Tea in Nepal. World Development, 78, 52–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.10.004
[14]	Msamula, J., Vanhaverbeke, W., and Tutuba, N. B. (2018). Influence of institutions on value creation activities of micro and small enterprises in rural Tanzania. In Nr (Vol. 31).
[15]	North, D. (2002). Political Economy of Institutions and Decisions. Individuals, Institutions and Markets, 10, 314-314. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139175302.016
[16]	Richter, E. G. (2005). Institutions and Economic Theory: The Contribution of New Institution Economics. Michigan: University of Michigan Press.

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APA Style

Mary Chuzi Magiri, Jumanne Moshi Abdallah. (2023). Assessment of Formal Institutions Across the Timber Value Chain in Liwale and Ruangwa Districts, Tanzania. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 8(3), 118-124. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13

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ACS Style

Mary Chuzi Magiri; Jumanne Moshi Abdallah. Assessment of Formal Institutions Across the Timber Value Chain in Liwale and Ruangwa Districts, Tanzania. Int. J. Nat. Resour. Ecol. Manag. 2023, 8(3), 118-124. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13

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AMA Style

Mary Chuzi Magiri, Jumanne Moshi Abdallah. Assessment of Formal Institutions Across the Timber Value Chain in Liwale and Ruangwa Districts, Tanzania. Int J Nat Resour Ecol Manag. 2023;8(3):118-124. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13,
  author = {Mary Chuzi Magiri and Jumanne Moshi Abdallah},
  title = {Assessment of Formal Institutions Across the Timber Value Chain in Liwale and Ruangwa Districts, Tanzania},
  journal = {International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {118-124},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnrem.20230803.13},
  abstract = {In developing an inclusive and sustainable timber value chain, institutions are important for structuring and governing the interactions of the actors to effect value creation and addition to timber products. Therefore, this study aims at assessing the rules and regulations awareness, enforcement, compliance and costs associated with the timber value chain in Liwale and Ruangwa districts, Tanzania. Data collection methods for this study includes key informant interviews and researcher’s own observations. Secondary Data were also gathered from various sources from within and outside the districts. Findings reveal that most people were aware of the rules and regulations involved in value chain but their level of awareness differed depending on factors like education level that an individual timber dealer had, time of exposure in the timber business and the goals that each one had on their business. Enforcement of the rules and regulations was found to be strong in Liwale compared to Ruangwa district. In addition, the compliance of the rules and regulations was high in Liwale than in Ruangwa. However, most of the actors who are timber dealers complained about high costs which is associated with compliance to the rules and regulations governing their businesses. Therefore, increasing awareness so that actors could comply with the laws and regulation could help in solving these challenges in Ruangwa district. Reducing costs and bureaucracy associated with the implementation of the rules and regulation governing timber value chain in both districts will increase benefits and efficiency in timber value chain Tanzania. Findings of this study may be beneficial to policy makers, developmental partners, other stakeholders and the people working along the timber value chain.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Formal Institutions Across the Timber Value Chain in Liwale and Ruangwa Districts, Tanzania
AU  - Mary Chuzi Magiri
AU  - Jumanne Moshi Abdallah
Y1  - 2023/08/31
PY  - 2023
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DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13
T2  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JF  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JO  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
SP  - 118
EP  - 124
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3061
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13
AB  - In developing an inclusive and sustainable timber value chain, institutions are important for structuring and governing the interactions of the actors to effect value creation and addition to timber products. Therefore, this study aims at assessing the rules and regulations awareness, enforcement, compliance and costs associated with the timber value chain in Liwale and Ruangwa districts, Tanzania. Data collection methods for this study includes key informant interviews and researcher’s own observations. Secondary Data were also gathered from various sources from within and outside the districts. Findings reveal that most people were aware of the rules and regulations involved in value chain but their level of awareness differed depending on factors like education level that an individual timber dealer had, time of exposure in the timber business and the goals that each one had on their business. Enforcement of the rules and regulations was found to be strong in Liwale compared to Ruangwa district. In addition, the compliance of the rules and regulations was high in Liwale than in Ruangwa. However, most of the actors who are timber dealers complained about high costs which is associated with compliance to the rules and regulations governing their businesses. Therefore, increasing awareness so that actors could comply with the laws and regulation could help in solving these challenges in Ruangwa district. Reducing costs and bureaucracy associated with the implementation of the rules and regulation governing timber value chain in both districts will increase benefits and efficiency in timber value chain Tanzania. Findings of this study may be beneficial to policy makers, developmental partners, other stakeholders and the people working along the timber value chain.
VL  - 8
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Author Information

Mary Chuzi Magiri

Department of Forest and Environmental Economics, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
Jumanne Moshi Abdallah

Department of Forest and Environmental Economics, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania

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APA Style

Mary Chuzi Magiri, Jumanne Moshi Abdallah. (2023). Assessment of Formal Institutions Across the Timber Value Chain in Liwale and Ruangwa Districts, Tanzania. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 8(3), 118-124. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13

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ACS Style

Mary Chuzi Magiri; Jumanne Moshi Abdallah. Assessment of Formal Institutions Across the Timber Value Chain in Liwale and Ruangwa Districts, Tanzania. Int. J. Nat. Resour. Ecol. Manag. 2023, 8(3), 118-124. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13

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AMA Style

Mary Chuzi Magiri, Jumanne Moshi Abdallah. Assessment of Formal Institutions Across the Timber Value Chain in Liwale and Ruangwa Districts, Tanzania. Int J Nat Resour Ecol Manag. 2023;8(3):118-124. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13,
  author = {Mary Chuzi Magiri and Jumanne Moshi Abdallah},
  title = {Assessment of Formal Institutions Across the Timber Value Chain in Liwale and Ruangwa Districts, Tanzania},
  journal = {International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {118-124},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnrem.20230803.13},
  abstract = {In developing an inclusive and sustainable timber value chain, institutions are important for structuring and governing the interactions of the actors to effect value creation and addition to timber products. Therefore, this study aims at assessing the rules and regulations awareness, enforcement, compliance and costs associated with the timber value chain in Liwale and Ruangwa districts, Tanzania. Data collection methods for this study includes key informant interviews and researcher’s own observations. Secondary Data were also gathered from various sources from within and outside the districts. Findings reveal that most people were aware of the rules and regulations involved in value chain but their level of awareness differed depending on factors like education level that an individual timber dealer had, time of exposure in the timber business and the goals that each one had on their business. Enforcement of the rules and regulations was found to be strong in Liwale compared to Ruangwa district. In addition, the compliance of the rules and regulations was high in Liwale than in Ruangwa. However, most of the actors who are timber dealers complained about high costs which is associated with compliance to the rules and regulations governing their businesses. Therefore, increasing awareness so that actors could comply with the laws and regulation could help in solving these challenges in Ruangwa district. Reducing costs and bureaucracy associated with the implementation of the rules and regulation governing timber value chain in both districts will increase benefits and efficiency in timber value chain Tanzania. Findings of this study may be beneficial to policy makers, developmental partners, other stakeholders and the people working along the timber value chain.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Formal Institutions Across the Timber Value Chain in Liwale and Ruangwa Districts, Tanzania
AU  - Mary Chuzi Magiri
AU  - Jumanne Moshi Abdallah
Y1  - 2023/08/31
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13
T2  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JF  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JO  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
SP  - 118
EP  - 124
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3061
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20230803.13
AB  - In developing an inclusive and sustainable timber value chain, institutions are important for structuring and governing the interactions of the actors to effect value creation and addition to timber products. Therefore, this study aims at assessing the rules and regulations awareness, enforcement, compliance and costs associated with the timber value chain in Liwale and Ruangwa districts, Tanzania. Data collection methods for this study includes key informant interviews and researcher’s own observations. Secondary Data were also gathered from various sources from within and outside the districts. Findings reveal that most people were aware of the rules and regulations involved in value chain but their level of awareness differed depending on factors like education level that an individual timber dealer had, time of exposure in the timber business and the goals that each one had on their business. Enforcement of the rules and regulations was found to be strong in Liwale compared to Ruangwa district. In addition, the compliance of the rules and regulations was high in Liwale than in Ruangwa. However, most of the actors who are timber dealers complained about high costs which is associated with compliance to the rules and regulations governing their businesses. Therefore, increasing awareness so that actors could comply with the laws and regulation could help in solving these challenges in Ruangwa district. Reducing costs and bureaucracy associated with the implementation of the rules and regulation governing timber value chain in both districts will increase benefits and efficiency in timber value chain Tanzania. Findings of this study may be beneficial to policy makers, developmental partners, other stakeholders and the people working along the timber value chain.
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
ER  -

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