Assessment of Surface and Ground Irrigation Water Quality for Small Scale Irrigation in East Shoa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia

Abay Challa; Anbese Ambomsa; Zelalem Shelemew

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13

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Assessment of Surface and Ground Irrigation Water Quality for Small Scale Irrigation in East Shoa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia

Abay Challa, Anbese Ambomsa, Zelalem Shelemew

Published in International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management (Volume 1, Issue 2)

Received: 6 June 2016 Accepted: 15 June 2016 Published: 28 June 2016

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Abstract

Irrigation with poor quality waters may bring undesirable elements to soil in excessive quantities affecting its fertility. The seasonal variation in surface and ground water quality of different district in East Shoa zone has been evaluated for two years from 2013/14 to 2014/15 for assessing the suitability of water for irrigation purpose. In the present study water samples were collected from River, Lake and ground water and analyzed for ten parameters of physical and chemical properties. The analyzed water quality parameters show seasonal variation and high concentration in dry season compared to wet season due to dilution effects. Electrical conductivity, pH, ionic composition, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) & total dissolved solids (TDS) were calculated using the standard equations. Analysis showed a wide range of electrical conductivities that varied from 332-2627.5 µS/cm and salinity ranged between 197.9-1681.6mg/L. The SAR in the study area lies between 1.42 and 22.09 in most irrigation water sources. Considering SAR as important parameter of suitability for irrigation, most of the results are under usual range compared to the irrigation water standards, except for some samples collected from underground. The mean pH values of almost all water sources were between 7.58 and 8.19 which can be categorized as normal range for irrigation purpose. The results concluded that water quality at some of the locations is above permissible limit for irrigation and needs proper monitoring to preserve and maintain its quality for agricultural purpose. Since water quality alone would not sufficient enough to evaluate potential salinity hazard of irrigation water, consideration should be given to crop, soil, climate, agronomic and irrigation management practices. Therefore the present study only serves as baseline survey for future research needs.

Published in	International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management (Volume 1, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13
Page(s)	25-31
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Irrigation Water, Salinity, Permissible Limits, Seasonal Variation, Ionic Composition

References

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[2]	Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center, Oromia Agricultural Development Bureau, Adami-Tullu Research Center Profile, Ziway, Ethiopia, 1998.
[3]	Ayers R S and Westcot D. W. Water quality for agriculture. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 29 Reviews. 1, FAO, Rome. 1985; Pp 97.
[4]	Elizabeth K., Zinabu G., and I. ahlgren, The Ethiopian Rift-Valleylakes: Chemichal characters along a salinity-alkalinity gradient. Hydrobiologia 288, 1994; Pp. 1-12
[5]	Hengsdijk H. Van Halsema, G. E. Beshir K., Mengistu A. and Wesseler. J. Performance assessment of Smallholder Irrigation in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Irrig. and Drain. 60: 2011; Pp. 622–634.
[6]	Jain C. K., Bandyopadhyay A, Bhadra A. Assessment of ground water quality for drinking purpose, District Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. Environ Monit Assess Springer 166: 2009; Pp. 663–676. doi: 10.1007/s10661-009-1031-5
[7]	Kasshhun W. and Amha B. Species composition and seasonal abundance of zooplankton in two Ethiopian rift-valley lakes-lakes Abijata and langano. Hydrobilogia 113: 1984; Pp. 129-136.
[8]	Kirda C.) Assessment of irrigati on water quality. Bari: CIHEAM, 1997; Pp. 367-37 7
[9]	Kuchanwar, O. D., Kale, C. K., Deshpande, V. P. and D. M. Dharmadhikari.. Irigation water quality and farm management decisions. Water science Technology 40: 1999; Pp. 129-136.
[10]	Lloyd, J. W., Heathcote, J. A. Natural Inorganic Hydrochemistry in Relation to Groundwater. Clarendon Press, Oxford, England, 1985.
[11]	Qayyum, M. A. Tubewell Water Quality in Relation to Crop and Soil Management in SCARP-I. Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority, Bhalwal, 1970.
[12]	Shainberg, I and J. D. Oster. Quality of irrigation water. IIIC publication no. 2, Bet Dagan, 1978; Pp. 65.
[13]	Singh K, Malik A, Mohan D, Sinha S. Multivariate statistical techniques for the evaluation of spatial and temporal variations in water quality of Gomti River (India)—a case study. Water Res 38 (18): 2004; Pp. 3980–3992
[14]	Telford, R. J. Diatom stratigraphies of lakes Awassa and Tillo, Ethiopia: Holocene records of groundwater variability and climate change, ph D thesis university of wales, 1998.
[15]	Wilcox, L. V. Classification and use of irrigation water. USDA circular no. 969. USDA, Washington, DC, USA, 1955.
[16]	Zinabu G. Elias D. Water resources and fisheries management in the Ethiopian Rift-Valley lakes. SINET: Ethiopian journal of Scince 12: 1989; Pp. 95-109.

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APA Style

Abay Challa, Anbese Ambomsa, Zelalem Shelemew. (2016). Assessment of Surface and Ground Irrigation Water Quality for Small Scale Irrigation in East Shoa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 1(2), 25-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13

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ACS Style

Abay Challa; Anbese Ambomsa; Zelalem Shelemew. Assessment of Surface and Ground Irrigation Water Quality for Small Scale Irrigation in East Shoa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. Int. J. Nat. Resour. Ecol. Manag. 2016, 1(2), 25-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13

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AMA Style

Abay Challa, Anbese Ambomsa, Zelalem Shelemew. Assessment of Surface and Ground Irrigation Water Quality for Small Scale Irrigation in East Shoa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. Int J Nat Resour Ecol Manag. 2016;1(2):25-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13,
  author = {Abay Challa and Anbese Ambomsa and Zelalem Shelemew},
  title = {Assessment of Surface and Ground Irrigation Water Quality for Small Scale Irrigation in East Shoa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia},
  journal = {International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management},
  volume = {1},
  number = {2},
  pages = {25-31},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnrem.20160102.13},
  abstract = {Irrigation with poor quality waters may bring undesirable elements to soil in excessive quantities affecting its fertility. The seasonal variation in surface and ground water quality of different district in East Shoa zone has been evaluated for two years from 2013/14 to 2014/15 for assessing the suitability of water for irrigation purpose. In the present study water samples were collected from River, Lake and ground water and analyzed for ten parameters of physical and chemical properties. The analyzed water quality parameters show seasonal variation and high concentration in dry season compared to wet season due to dilution effects. Electrical conductivity, pH, ionic composition, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) & total dissolved solids (TDS) were calculated using the standard equations. Analysis showed a wide range of electrical conductivities that varied from 332-2627.5 µS/cm and salinity ranged between 197.9-1681.6mg/L. The SAR in the study area lies between 1.42 and 22.09 in most irrigation water sources. Considering SAR as important parameter of suitability for irrigation, most of the results are under usual range compared to the irrigation water standards, except for some samples collected from underground. The mean pH values of almost all water sources were between 7.58 and 8.19 which can be categorized as normal range for irrigation purpose. The results concluded that water quality at some of the locations is above permissible limit for irrigation and needs proper monitoring to preserve and maintain its quality for agricultural purpose. Since water quality alone would not sufficient enough to evaluate potential salinity hazard of irrigation water, consideration should be given to crop, soil, climate, agronomic and irrigation management practices. Therefore the present study only serves as baseline survey for future research needs.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Surface and Ground Irrigation Water Quality for Small Scale Irrigation in East Shoa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia
AU  - Abay Challa
AU  - Anbese Ambomsa
AU  - Zelalem Shelemew
Y1  - 2016/06/28
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13
T2  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JF  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JO  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
SP  - 25
EP  - 31
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3061
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13
AB  - Irrigation with poor quality waters may bring undesirable elements to soil in excessive quantities affecting its fertility. The seasonal variation in surface and ground water quality of different district in East Shoa zone has been evaluated for two years from 2013/14 to 2014/15 for assessing the suitability of water for irrigation purpose. In the present study water samples were collected from River, Lake and ground water and analyzed for ten parameters of physical and chemical properties. The analyzed water quality parameters show seasonal variation and high concentration in dry season compared to wet season due to dilution effects. Electrical conductivity, pH, ionic composition, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) & total dissolved solids (TDS) were calculated using the standard equations. Analysis showed a wide range of electrical conductivities that varied from 332-2627.5 µS/cm and salinity ranged between 197.9-1681.6mg/L. The SAR in the study area lies between 1.42 and 22.09 in most irrigation water sources. Considering SAR as important parameter of suitability for irrigation, most of the results are under usual range compared to the irrigation water standards, except for some samples collected from underground. The mean pH values of almost all water sources were between 7.58 and 8.19 which can be categorized as normal range for irrigation purpose. The results concluded that water quality at some of the locations is above permissible limit for irrigation and needs proper monitoring to preserve and maintain its quality for agricultural purpose. Since water quality alone would not sufficient enough to evaluate potential salinity hazard of irrigation water, consideration should be given to crop, soil, climate, agronomic and irrigation management practices. Therefore the present study only serves as baseline survey for future research needs.
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Abay Challa

Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center, Zeway, Ethiopia
Anbese Ambomsa

Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center, Zeway, Ethiopia
Zelalem Shelemew

Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center, Zeway, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Abay Challa, Anbese Ambomsa, Zelalem Shelemew. (2016). Assessment of Surface and Ground Irrigation Water Quality for Small Scale Irrigation in East Shoa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 1(2), 25-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13

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ACS Style

Abay Challa; Anbese Ambomsa; Zelalem Shelemew. Assessment of Surface and Ground Irrigation Water Quality for Small Scale Irrigation in East Shoa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. Int. J. Nat. Resour. Ecol. Manag. 2016, 1(2), 25-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13

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AMA Style

Abay Challa, Anbese Ambomsa, Zelalem Shelemew. Assessment of Surface and Ground Irrigation Water Quality for Small Scale Irrigation in East Shoa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. Int J Nat Resour Ecol Manag. 2016;1(2):25-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13,
  author = {Abay Challa and Anbese Ambomsa and Zelalem Shelemew},
  title = {Assessment of Surface and Ground Irrigation Water Quality for Small Scale Irrigation in East Shoa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia},
  journal = {International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management},
  volume = {1},
  number = {2},
  pages = {25-31},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnrem.20160102.13},
  abstract = {Irrigation with poor quality waters may bring undesirable elements to soil in excessive quantities affecting its fertility. The seasonal variation in surface and ground water quality of different district in East Shoa zone has been evaluated for two years from 2013/14 to 2014/15 for assessing the suitability of water for irrigation purpose. In the present study water samples were collected from River, Lake and ground water and analyzed for ten parameters of physical and chemical properties. The analyzed water quality parameters show seasonal variation and high concentration in dry season compared to wet season due to dilution effects. Electrical conductivity, pH, ionic composition, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) & total dissolved solids (TDS) were calculated using the standard equations. Analysis showed a wide range of electrical conductivities that varied from 332-2627.5 µS/cm and salinity ranged between 197.9-1681.6mg/L. The SAR in the study area lies between 1.42 and 22.09 in most irrigation water sources. Considering SAR as important parameter of suitability for irrigation, most of the results are under usual range compared to the irrigation water standards, except for some samples collected from underground. The mean pH values of almost all water sources were between 7.58 and 8.19 which can be categorized as normal range for irrigation purpose. The results concluded that water quality at some of the locations is above permissible limit for irrigation and needs proper monitoring to preserve and maintain its quality for agricultural purpose. Since water quality alone would not sufficient enough to evaluate potential salinity hazard of irrigation water, consideration should be given to crop, soil, climate, agronomic and irrigation management practices. Therefore the present study only serves as baseline survey for future research needs.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Surface and Ground Irrigation Water Quality for Small Scale Irrigation in East Shoa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia
AU  - Abay Challa
AU  - Anbese Ambomsa
AU  - Zelalem Shelemew
Y1  - 2016/06/28
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13
T2  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JF  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JO  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
SP  - 25
EP  - 31
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3061
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160102.13
AB  - Irrigation with poor quality waters may bring undesirable elements to soil in excessive quantities affecting its fertility. The seasonal variation in surface and ground water quality of different district in East Shoa zone has been evaluated for two years from 2013/14 to 2014/15 for assessing the suitability of water for irrigation purpose. In the present study water samples were collected from River, Lake and ground water and analyzed for ten parameters of physical and chemical properties. The analyzed water quality parameters show seasonal variation and high concentration in dry season compared to wet season due to dilution effects. Electrical conductivity, pH, ionic composition, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) & total dissolved solids (TDS) were calculated using the standard equations. Analysis showed a wide range of electrical conductivities that varied from 332-2627.5 µS/cm and salinity ranged between 197.9-1681.6mg/L. The SAR in the study area lies between 1.42 and 22.09 in most irrigation water sources. Considering SAR as important parameter of suitability for irrigation, most of the results are under usual range compared to the irrigation water standards, except for some samples collected from underground. The mean pH values of almost all water sources were between 7.58 and 8.19 which can be categorized as normal range for irrigation purpose. The results concluded that water quality at some of the locations is above permissible limit for irrigation and needs proper monitoring to preserve and maintain its quality for agricultural purpose. Since water quality alone would not sufficient enough to evaluate potential salinity hazard of irrigation water, consideration should be given to crop, soil, climate, agronomic and irrigation management practices. Therefore the present study only serves as baseline survey for future research needs.
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
ER  -

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