A Detailed Review on Nociceptive Models for the Screening of Analgesic Activity in Experimental Animals

Pushpendra Kumar Patel; Jyoti Sahu; Saket Singh Chandel

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11

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A Detailed Review on Nociceptive Models for the Screening of Analgesic Activity in Experimental Animals

Pushpendra Kumar Patel, Jyoti Sahu, Saket Singh Chandel

Published in International Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy (Volume 2, Issue 6)

Received: 5 February 2017 Accepted: 16 February 2017 Published: 21 March 2017

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Abstract

Pain is an unpleasant sensation, which informs about any abnormality in either body or part of it. Pain may be either physical or mental depending on its source of origin. Generally, mental or psychic pain is treated with antipsychotic agents, which include, antidepressant, anti-anxiety and anti manic drugs. However, the pain generated by physical stimuli may be treated with analgesic and anti-inflammatory medicine. Analgesic is those drugs or agent, which reduce or block the sensation of pain temporarily. Several synthetic and plant origin analgesic are being tested for their efficacy and potency on different animal model including hot plate, tail flick, tail clip, cold pain, filament pain, tail immersion technique, acetic acid induced writhing test, formalin induced writhing test. Many plant extract have been proved to be analgesic just by evaluating through any one of these model stated, but the present review is based on the detail working principle and constructional detail of all the possible models generally available in pharmacology laboratory. This review also provides the principles of several new models like, tooth pulp, formalin induced writhing, monkey shock test so that they should be used in future.

Published in	International Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy (Volume 2, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11
Page(s)	44-50
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Analgesia, Analgesic Models, Nociception, Hot Plate, Tail Flick

References

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APA Style

Pushpendra Kumar Patel, Jyoti Sahu, Saket Singh Chandel. (2017). A Detailed Review on Nociceptive Models for the Screening of Analgesic Activity in Experimental Animals. International Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy, 2(6), 44-50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11

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ACS Style

Pushpendra Kumar Patel; Jyoti Sahu; Saket Singh Chandel. A Detailed Review on Nociceptive Models for the Screening of Analgesic Activity in Experimental Animals. Int. J. Neurol. Phys. Ther. 2017, 2(6), 44-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11

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AMA Style

Pushpendra Kumar Patel, Jyoti Sahu, Saket Singh Chandel. A Detailed Review on Nociceptive Models for the Screening of Analgesic Activity in Experimental Animals. Int J Neurol Phys Ther. 2017;2(6):44-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11,
  author = {Pushpendra Kumar Patel and Jyoti Sahu and Saket Singh Chandel},
  title = {A Detailed Review on Nociceptive Models for the Screening of Analgesic Activity in Experimental Animals},
  journal = {International Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6},
  pages = {44-50},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnpt.20160206.11},
  abstract = {Pain is an unpleasant sensation, which informs about any abnormality in either body or part of it. Pain may be either physical or mental depending on its source of origin. Generally, mental or psychic pain is treated with antipsychotic agents, which include, antidepressant, anti-anxiety and anti manic drugs. However, the pain generated by physical stimuli may be treated with analgesic and anti-inflammatory medicine. Analgesic is those drugs or agent, which reduce or block the sensation of pain temporarily. Several synthetic and plant origin analgesic are being tested for their efficacy and potency on different animal model including hot plate, tail flick, tail clip, cold pain, filament pain, tail immersion technique, acetic acid induced writhing test, formalin induced writhing test. Many plant extract have been proved to be analgesic just by evaluating through any one of these model stated, but the present review is based on the detail working principle and constructional detail of all the possible models generally available in pharmacology laboratory. This review also provides the principles of several new models like, tooth pulp, formalin induced writhing, monkey shock test so that they should be used in future.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Detailed Review on Nociceptive Models for the Screening of Analgesic Activity in Experimental Animals
AU  - Pushpendra Kumar Patel
AU  - Jyoti Sahu
AU  - Saket Singh Chandel
Y1  - 2017/03/21
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11
T2  - International Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy
JF  - International Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy
JO  - International Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy
SP  - 44
EP  - 50
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1778
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11
AB  - Pain is an unpleasant sensation, which informs about any abnormality in either body or part of it. Pain may be either physical or mental depending on its source of origin. Generally, mental or psychic pain is treated with antipsychotic agents, which include, antidepressant, anti-anxiety and anti manic drugs. However, the pain generated by physical stimuli may be treated with analgesic and anti-inflammatory medicine. Analgesic is those drugs or agent, which reduce or block the sensation of pain temporarily. Several synthetic and plant origin analgesic are being tested for their efficacy and potency on different animal model including hot plate, tail flick, tail clip, cold pain, filament pain, tail immersion technique, acetic acid induced writhing test, formalin induced writhing test. Many plant extract have been proved to be analgesic just by evaluating through any one of these model stated, but the present review is based on the detail working principle and constructional detail of all the possible models generally available in pharmacology laboratory. This review also provides the principles of several new models like, tooth pulp, formalin induced writhing, monkey shock test so that they should be used in future.
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Pushpendra Kumar Patel

Department of Pharmacology, Siddhi Vinayaka Institute of Technology and Sciences, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
Jyoti Sahu

Azad College of Pharmacy, Moinabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Saket Singh Chandel

Department of Pharmacology, Siddhi Vinayaka Institute of Technology and Sciences, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Pushpendra Kumar Patel, Jyoti Sahu, Saket Singh Chandel. (2017). A Detailed Review on Nociceptive Models for the Screening of Analgesic Activity in Experimental Animals. International Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy, 2(6), 44-50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11

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ACS Style

Pushpendra Kumar Patel; Jyoti Sahu; Saket Singh Chandel. A Detailed Review on Nociceptive Models for the Screening of Analgesic Activity in Experimental Animals. Int. J. Neurol. Phys. Ther. 2017, 2(6), 44-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11

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AMA Style

Pushpendra Kumar Patel, Jyoti Sahu, Saket Singh Chandel. A Detailed Review on Nociceptive Models for the Screening of Analgesic Activity in Experimental Animals. Int J Neurol Phys Ther. 2017;2(6):44-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11,
  author = {Pushpendra Kumar Patel and Jyoti Sahu and Saket Singh Chandel},
  title = {A Detailed Review on Nociceptive Models for the Screening of Analgesic Activity in Experimental Animals},
  journal = {International Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6},
  pages = {44-50},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnpt.20160206.11},
  abstract = {Pain is an unpleasant sensation, which informs about any abnormality in either body or part of it. Pain may be either physical or mental depending on its source of origin. Generally, mental or psychic pain is treated with antipsychotic agents, which include, antidepressant, anti-anxiety and anti manic drugs. However, the pain generated by physical stimuli may be treated with analgesic and anti-inflammatory medicine. Analgesic is those drugs or agent, which reduce or block the sensation of pain temporarily. Several synthetic and plant origin analgesic are being tested for their efficacy and potency on different animal model including hot plate, tail flick, tail clip, cold pain, filament pain, tail immersion technique, acetic acid induced writhing test, formalin induced writhing test. Many plant extract have been proved to be analgesic just by evaluating through any one of these model stated, but the present review is based on the detail working principle and constructional detail of all the possible models generally available in pharmacology laboratory. This review also provides the principles of several new models like, tooth pulp, formalin induced writhing, monkey shock test so that they should be used in future.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Detailed Review on Nociceptive Models for the Screening of Analgesic Activity in Experimental Animals
AU  - Pushpendra Kumar Patel
AU  - Jyoti Sahu
AU  - Saket Singh Chandel
Y1  - 2017/03/21
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11
T2  - International Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy
JF  - International Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy
JO  - International Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy
SP  - 44
EP  - 50
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1778
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnpt.20160206.11
AB  - Pain is an unpleasant sensation, which informs about any abnormality in either body or part of it. Pain may be either physical or mental depending on its source of origin. Generally, mental or psychic pain is treated with antipsychotic agents, which include, antidepressant, anti-anxiety and anti manic drugs. However, the pain generated by physical stimuli may be treated with analgesic and anti-inflammatory medicine. Analgesic is those drugs or agent, which reduce or block the sensation of pain temporarily. Several synthetic and plant origin analgesic are being tested for their efficacy and potency on different animal model including hot plate, tail flick, tail clip, cold pain, filament pain, tail immersion technique, acetic acid induced writhing test, formalin induced writhing test. Many plant extract have been proved to be analgesic just by evaluating through any one of these model stated, but the present review is based on the detail working principle and constructional detail of all the possible models generally available in pharmacology laboratory. This review also provides the principles of several new models like, tooth pulp, formalin induced writhing, monkey shock test so that they should be used in future.
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download