Language Policies Under Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di Regimes: A Comparative Perspective

Chao Rui

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13

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Language Policies Under Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di Regimes: A Comparative Perspective

Chao Rui

Published in International Journal of Language and Linguistics (Volume 8, Issue 3)

Received: 5 June 2019 Accepted: 9 August 2019 Published: 15 June 2020

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Abstract

This study attempts to examine the differences of the language policies formulation and implementation during the two significant early periods of Ming dynasty (1368-1644). It uses a historical comparative perspective to understand the processes involved in language change. In order to deal with the relationship between Mongolian and Chinese and to develop a system to regulate language use for Chinese, the early Ming government enacted a series of language policies. There were both similarities as well as differences in the policies made by Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di, the two paramount rulers of the Ming dynasty. Whereas the policies during Zhu Yuanzhang time manifested in repression of Mongolian through implementing acculturation measures such as intermarriage between Mongol and Chinese, Zhu Di paid more attention to language harmony characteristic of liberalism toward Mongolian language. Zhu Yuanzhang standardized written language based on the authoritative Nanjing speech. He set up an education system to propagate both a national lingua franca and a vernacular with latter playing important role in promoting the technological advancement. Zhu Di’s regime was also remembered for its efforts in promulgating foreign language education policies, thus on the one hand to establish a rapport with neighboring countries in East Asia, southeast Asia and the inner Western Asia, and on the other hand, to promote the international spread of Chinese language in these regions.

Published in	International Journal of Language and Linguistics (Volume 8, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13
Page(s)	108-114
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Language Policies in the MING Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Di

References

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[2]	James W, Tollefson. 2014 Language policies in education: critical issues (second edition). In Weiqi Yu (tr.). Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press: 79.
[3]	Shengli, Zu. 2007. Aspect and its category of pidgin Chinese in Yuan dynasty ——according to the literature of the literal translation studies. Contemporary Linguistics1, 1-13.
[4]	Cheng, Gu. 1989. About the Ming empire territory management system. Historical Research 3, 135-149.
[5]	Rui, Chao. 2019. The norms of translation in the early years of the Ming dynasty. Journal of Chinese minorities languages 2, 29-40.
[6]	Chongxing Li. 2007. From the usage of A-Not-A questions Juging Yuanqu Xuan spoken ingredienst in Ming dynasty. Studies of Language 4, 1-6.
[7]	Jianqiang, Bao & Chengxuan Hu. 2010. The version and collation about Thirty sorts of Yuankan Zaju. Journal of Northwest Normal University 1, 44-49.
[8]	Zhiwei, Lu. 1988. Modern Chinese phonology collected papers by Lu Zhiwei. Beijing: The Commercial Press: 1.
[9]	Baokui, Ye. 2001. The phonetic of mandarin in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Xiamen: Xiamen University Press: 27.
[10]	Rezhake Maitiniyazi. 1996. Translation history about Xiyu. Urumq: Xinjiang University Press: 188.
[11]	L. Bouvat. 1935. Timur empire. In Chengjun Feng (tr.). Shanghai: The Commercial Press: 78-79.
[12]	Rui, Chao. 2018. Study on language policy and planning in Ming dynasty. Nanjing: Nanjing University Press: 67.

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Chao Rui. (2020). Language Policies Under Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di Regimes: A Comparative Perspective. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 8(3), 108-114. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13

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Chao Rui. Language Policies Under Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di Regimes: A Comparative Perspective. Int. J. Lang. Linguist. 2020, 8(3), 108-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13

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Chao Rui. Language Policies Under Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di Regimes: A Comparative Perspective. Int J Lang Linguist. 2020;8(3):108-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13,
  author = {Chao Rui},
  title = {Language Policies Under Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di Regimes: A Comparative Perspective},
  journal = {International Journal of Language and Linguistics},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {108-114},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijll.20200803.13},
  abstract = {This study attempts to examine the differences of the language policies formulation and implementation during the two significant early periods of Ming dynasty (1368-1644). It uses a historical comparative perspective to understand the processes involved in language change. In order to deal with the relationship between Mongolian and Chinese and to develop a system to regulate language use for Chinese, the early Ming government enacted a series of language policies. There were both similarities as well as differences in the policies made by Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di, the two paramount rulers of the Ming dynasty. Whereas the policies during Zhu Yuanzhang time manifested in repression of Mongolian through implementing acculturation measures such as intermarriage between Mongol and Chinese, Zhu Di paid more attention to language harmony characteristic of liberalism toward Mongolian language. Zhu Yuanzhang standardized written language based on the authoritative Nanjing speech. He set up an education system to propagate both a national lingua franca and a vernacular with latter playing important role in promoting the technological advancement. Zhu Di’s regime was also remembered for its efforts in promulgating foreign language education policies, thus on the one hand to establish a rapport with neighboring countries in East Asia, southeast Asia and the inner Western Asia, and on the other hand, to promote the international spread of Chinese language in these regions.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Language Policies Under Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di Regimes: A Comparative Perspective
AU  - Chao Rui
Y1  - 2020/06/15
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13
T2  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
JF  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
JO  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
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PB  - Science Publishing Group
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13
AB  - This study attempts to examine the differences of the language policies formulation and implementation during the two significant early periods of Ming dynasty (1368-1644). It uses a historical comparative perspective to understand the processes involved in language change. In order to deal with the relationship between Mongolian and Chinese and to develop a system to regulate language use for Chinese, the early Ming government enacted a series of language policies. There were both similarities as well as differences in the policies made by Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di, the two paramount rulers of the Ming dynasty. Whereas the policies during Zhu Yuanzhang time manifested in repression of Mongolian through implementing acculturation measures such as intermarriage between Mongol and Chinese, Zhu Di paid more attention to language harmony characteristic of liberalism toward Mongolian language. Zhu Yuanzhang standardized written language based on the authoritative Nanjing speech. He set up an education system to propagate both a national lingua franca and a vernacular with latter playing important role in promoting the technological advancement. Zhu Di’s regime was also remembered for its efforts in promulgating foreign language education policies, thus on the one hand to establish a rapport with neighboring countries in East Asia, southeast Asia and the inner Western Asia, and on the other hand, to promote the international spread of Chinese language in these regions.
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Chao Rui

School of Liberal Arts, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Chao Rui. (2020). Language Policies Under Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di Regimes: A Comparative Perspective. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 8(3), 108-114. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13

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ACS Style

Chao Rui. Language Policies Under Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di Regimes: A Comparative Perspective. Int. J. Lang. Linguist. 2020, 8(3), 108-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Chao Rui. Language Policies Under Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di Regimes: A Comparative Perspective. Int J Lang Linguist. 2020;8(3):108-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13,
  author = {Chao Rui},
  title = {Language Policies Under Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di Regimes: A Comparative Perspective},
  journal = {International Journal of Language and Linguistics},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {108-114},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijll.20200803.13},
  abstract = {This study attempts to examine the differences of the language policies formulation and implementation during the two significant early periods of Ming dynasty (1368-1644). It uses a historical comparative perspective to understand the processes involved in language change. In order to deal with the relationship between Mongolian and Chinese and to develop a system to regulate language use for Chinese, the early Ming government enacted a series of language policies. There were both similarities as well as differences in the policies made by Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di, the two paramount rulers of the Ming dynasty. Whereas the policies during Zhu Yuanzhang time manifested in repression of Mongolian through implementing acculturation measures such as intermarriage between Mongol and Chinese, Zhu Di paid more attention to language harmony characteristic of liberalism toward Mongolian language. Zhu Yuanzhang standardized written language based on the authoritative Nanjing speech. He set up an education system to propagate both a national lingua franca and a vernacular with latter playing important role in promoting the technological advancement. Zhu Di’s regime was also remembered for its efforts in promulgating foreign language education policies, thus on the one hand to establish a rapport with neighboring countries in East Asia, southeast Asia and the inner Western Asia, and on the other hand, to promote the international spread of Chinese language in these regions.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Language Policies Under Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di Regimes: A Comparative Perspective
AU  - Chao Rui
Y1  - 2020/06/15
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13
T2  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
JF  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
JO  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
SP  - 108
EP  - 114
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0221
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20200803.13
AB  - This study attempts to examine the differences of the language policies formulation and implementation during the two significant early periods of Ming dynasty (1368-1644). It uses a historical comparative perspective to understand the processes involved in language change. In order to deal with the relationship between Mongolian and Chinese and to develop a system to regulate language use for Chinese, the early Ming government enacted a series of language policies. There were both similarities as well as differences in the policies made by Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di, the two paramount rulers of the Ming dynasty. Whereas the policies during Zhu Yuanzhang time manifested in repression of Mongolian through implementing acculturation measures such as intermarriage between Mongol and Chinese, Zhu Di paid more attention to language harmony characteristic of liberalism toward Mongolian language. Zhu Yuanzhang standardized written language based on the authoritative Nanjing speech. He set up an education system to propagate both a national lingua franca and a vernacular with latter playing important role in promoting the technological advancement. Zhu Di’s regime was also remembered for its efforts in promulgating foreign language education policies, thus on the one hand to establish a rapport with neighboring countries in East Asia, southeast Asia and the inner Western Asia, and on the other hand, to promote the international spread of Chinese language in these regions.
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download