Wh- Relative Pronouns in English: Predicativity Versus Virtuality

Samira Kasmi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14

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Wh- Relative Pronouns in English: Predicativity Versus Virtuality

Samira Kasmi

Published in International Journal of Language and Linguistics (Volume 6, Issue 6)

Received: 13 October 2018 Accepted: 10 November 2018 Published: 17 December 2018

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Abstract

The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic study of the functioning of wh-pronouns. The idea of their unity in the 'Tongue' Domain stands for us as a major requirement. The occurrence of whoever, whatever, whichever, and wh (o)/(ich) with their antecedents results from a systematicity built in the deep structure of language. The approach adopted in this study opposes a simple description of the linear sequencing of words in language to the potential significate in the Tongue domain, because the observable or the effects of sense have consequence on the mental representation of language. The system of wh-pronouns is mainly based on two concepts: 'predicativity' and 'virtuality'. These two constructs will be shown to underly the functioning of the wh-pronouns in English.

Published in	International Journal of Language and Linguistics (Volume 6, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14
Page(s)	210-222
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Wh-Pronouns, Predicativity, Virtuality, Psychosystmatic Theory

References

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[2]	Tollis, Francis, 2016. « Variations de l’écriture et diversité typologique: l’approche du vocable chez Gustave Guillaume à la lumière de sa théorie des intégrales constitutives du langage ». Dossier d’HEL, SHESL, Ecritures et Représentation du langage et des Langues, 9, pp. 81-97.
[3]	Valette, Mathieu, 2007, p. 23 « Remarques sur le concept d’effection chez Gustave Guillaume ». In Bres, Jacques, Arabyan, Marc, Ponchon, Thierry, Rosier, Laurence, Tremblay, Renée & vachon-L’Heureux Pierrette (dir.), Psychomécanique du langage et linguistiques cognitives, Actes du XIème colloque international de l’AIPL Association Internationale de Psychomécanique du Langage, Montpellier, 8-10 juin 2006. Limoges: Lambert-Lucas, p. 99-108.
[4]	Hirtle, Walter. 2007, pp. 28-29. Language in the Mind: An Introduction to Guillaume's Theory. Montreal & Kingston, London, Ithaca: McGill-Queen's University Press.
[5]	Fuchs, Catherine. 2007. ‘La psychomécanique est-elle une linguistique cognitive ?’ In Bres, Jacques, Arabyan, Marc, Ponchon, Thierry, Rosier, Laurence, Tremblay, Renée & vachon-L’Heureux Pierrette (dir.), Psychomécanique du langage et linguistiques cognitives, Actes du XIème colloque international de l’AIPL Association Internationale de Psychomécanique du Langage, Montpellier, 8-10 juin 2006. Limoges: Lambert Lucas, p. 37-53.
[6]	Hirtle. Walter. 2007. Lessons on the English Verb: no Expression without Representation Montreal, McGill-Queen’s University Press. Montreal: McGill-queen’s University Press.
[7]	Vachon-L’Heureux, Pierrette (2007). ‘La notion d’effection en psychomécanique du langage: essai de définition ». In Bres, Jacques, Arabyan, Marc, Ponchon, Thierry, Rosier, Laurence, Tremblay, Renée & vachon-L’Heureux Pierrette (dir.), Psychomécanique du langage et linguistiques cognitives, Actes du XIème colloque international de l’AIPL Association Internationale de Psychomécanique du Langage, Montpellier, 8-10 juin 2006. Limoges: Lambert-Lucas, p. 153-164.
[8]	Bonne, Annie, Joly, André, 1996. Dictionnaire Terminologique de la Systématique du Langage, Paris: L'Harmattan; Montreal: L'Harmattan Inc.
[9]	Guillaume, Gustave. 1971, pp. 209-210 & pp. 43-58. Leçons de linguistique de-, vol. 2: 1948-1949, Série B., Psychosytématique du langage, principes, methods et applications (I). Québec: les Presses de l’Université Laval.
[10]	Joly, André& O’Kelly, Dairine. 1990, p. 40. Grammaire systématique de l’anglais, structures fondamentales. Paris: Nathan.
[11]	Joly. André. 2011. “L’article, instrument de modalisation chez Gustave Guillaume”. Modèles linguistiques, 64, 103-115.
[12]	Franckel, Jean-Jacques, Paillard, Denis. 1998. “Aspects de la théorie d'Antoine Culioli”. In: Langages, 32ᵉ année, n°129, 1998. Diversité de la (des) science (s) du langage aujourd'hui [Figures modèles et concepts épistémologiques] sous la direction de Simon Bouquet. pp. 52-63.
[13]	Adamczeski, Henri. 1982. Grammaire Linguistique de l’anglais. Paris: Arman Colin.
[14]	Danon-Boileau, Laurent. 1983, pp. 37-43 “This, That, Which, What, et la construction de références”, Méthodes en linguistiques Anglaise, C. I. E. R. E. C, Université Saint-Etienne.
[15]	Delmas, Claude, 1993. “Grammaire métaopérationnelle et théorie des phases”, Les theories de la grammaire anglaise en France. Paris: Hachette.
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Samira Kasmi. (2018). Wh- Relative Pronouns in English: Predicativity Versus Virtuality. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 6(6), 210-222. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14

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ACS Style

Samira Kasmi. Wh- Relative Pronouns in English: Predicativity Versus Virtuality. Int. J. Lang. Linguist. 2018, 6(6), 210-222. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14

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AMA Style

Samira Kasmi. Wh- Relative Pronouns in English: Predicativity Versus Virtuality. Int J Lang Linguist. 2018;6(6):210-222. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14,
  author = {Samira Kasmi},
  title = {Wh- Relative Pronouns in English: Predicativity Versus Virtuality},
  journal = {International Journal of Language and Linguistics},
  volume = {6},
  number = {6},
  pages = {210-222},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijll.20180606.14},
  abstract = {The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic study of the functioning of wh-pronouns. The idea of their unity in the 'Tongue' Domain stands for us as a major requirement. The occurrence of whoever, whatever, whichever, and wh (o)/(ich) with their antecedents results from a systematicity built in the deep structure of language. The approach adopted in this study opposes a simple description of the linear sequencing of words in language to the potential significate in the Tongue domain, because the observable or the effects of sense have consequence on the mental representation of language. The system of wh-pronouns is mainly based on two concepts: 'predicativity' and 'virtuality'. These two constructs will be shown to underly the functioning of the wh-pronouns in English.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Wh- Relative Pronouns in English: Predicativity Versus Virtuality
AU  - Samira Kasmi
Y1  - 2018/12/17
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14
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JO  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
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AB  - The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic study of the functioning of wh-pronouns. The idea of their unity in the 'Tongue' Domain stands for us as a major requirement. The occurrence of whoever, whatever, whichever, and wh (o)/(ich) with their antecedents results from a systematicity built in the deep structure of language. The approach adopted in this study opposes a simple description of the linear sequencing of words in language to the potential significate in the Tongue domain, because the observable or the effects of sense have consequence on the mental representation of language. The system of wh-pronouns is mainly based on two concepts: 'predicativity' and 'virtuality'. These two constructs will be shown to underly the functioning of the wh-pronouns in English.
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Author Information

Samira Kasmi

Department of Economics, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco

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Samira Kasmi. (2018). Wh- Relative Pronouns in English: Predicativity Versus Virtuality. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 6(6), 210-222. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14

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ACS Style

Samira Kasmi. Wh- Relative Pronouns in English: Predicativity Versus Virtuality. Int. J. Lang. Linguist. 2018, 6(6), 210-222. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14

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AMA Style

Samira Kasmi. Wh- Relative Pronouns in English: Predicativity Versus Virtuality. Int J Lang Linguist. 2018;6(6):210-222. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14,
  author = {Samira Kasmi},
  title = {Wh- Relative Pronouns in English: Predicativity Versus Virtuality},
  journal = {International Journal of Language and Linguistics},
  volume = {6},
  number = {6},
  pages = {210-222},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijll.20180606.14},
  abstract = {The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic study of the functioning of wh-pronouns. The idea of their unity in the 'Tongue' Domain stands for us as a major requirement. The occurrence of whoever, whatever, whichever, and wh (o)/(ich) with their antecedents results from a systematicity built in the deep structure of language. The approach adopted in this study opposes a simple description of the linear sequencing of words in language to the potential significate in the Tongue domain, because the observable or the effects of sense have consequence on the mental representation of language. The system of wh-pronouns is mainly based on two concepts: 'predicativity' and 'virtuality'. These two constructs will be shown to underly the functioning of the wh-pronouns in English.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Wh- Relative Pronouns in English: Predicativity Versus Virtuality
AU  - Samira Kasmi
Y1  - 2018/12/17
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14
T2  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
JF  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
JO  - International Journal of Language and Linguistics
SP  - 210
EP  - 222
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0221
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20180606.14
AB  - The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic study of the functioning of wh-pronouns. The idea of their unity in the 'Tongue' Domain stands for us as a major requirement. The occurrence of whoever, whatever, whichever, and wh (o)/(ich) with their antecedents results from a systematicity built in the deep structure of language. The approach adopted in this study opposes a simple description of the linear sequencing of words in language to the potential significate in the Tongue domain, because the observable or the effects of sense have consequence on the mental representation of language. The system of wh-pronouns is mainly based on two concepts: 'predicativity' and 'virtuality'. These two constructs will be shown to underly the functioning of the wh-pronouns in English.
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
ER  -

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