Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of HIV Infections in Mwandi District of Zambia: A Three Year Retrospective Review

Tinkler Saul Simbeye; Ebenezer Obi. Daniel; Queen Mulenga; Paul Olaiya Abiodun; Ahmed Mamuda Bello; Israel Olukayode Popoola; Michael Avwerhota; Azeezat Abimbola Oyewande; Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh; Michael Olabode Tomori; Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia; Adebanke Adetutu Ogun; Oladapo Michael Olagbegi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11

Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of HIV Infections in Mwandi District of Zambia: A Three Year Retrospective Review

Tinkler Saul Simbeye, Ebenezer Obi. Daniel, Queen Mulenga, Paul Olaiya Abiodun, Ahmed Mamuda Bello, Israel Olukayode Popoola, Michael Avwerhota, Azeezat Abimbola Oyewande, Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh, Michael Olabode Tomori, Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia, Adebanke Adetutu Ogun, Oladapo Michael Olagbegi

Published in International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science (Volume 9, Issue 1)

Received: 26 November 2022 Accepted: 21 December 2022 Published: 13 January 2023

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a major public health problem in Zambia affecting people in their prime and most productive years (15-49) of life. The cross sectional study was aimed at determining the factors contributing to HIV prevalence in Mwandi district of Zambia from 2016 to 2018. Two hundred and sixty-nine (269) participants were recruited using simple random sampling technique. The study disclosed that, a large proportion of study participants 50.6% (136) were females. The study also revealed that most of the respondents 43.5% (117) had attained some secondary level of education. The study further revealed that the majority 98.1% (264) of the respondents associated HIV transmission with unprotected sexual intercourse. The study also disclosed that most of the respondents 98.5% (265) and 98.1% (264) received health education on HIV/AIDS from hospital and clinics respectively while a considerable proportion of study participants 66.2% (178) acquired health education on HIV/AIDS through reading magazines. Also, this study exposed that, most 87.7% (236) of the respondents had adequate level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Level of education, occupation and number of children were found to have statistically significant relationship with level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS (P<0.05). Apart from that, this study also revealed that 78.8% (212) of study participants had good adherence to STI/HIV/AIDS treatment while 21.7% (57) had poor drug adherence. Level of education was also found to have statistically significant association with drug adherence on HIV/AIDS (P<0.05). The study also uncovered that 88.8% (239) of the respondents did not have access to the laboratory health services in the health facilities in Mwandi district of Zambia. Conversely, only 11.2% (30) of the respondents had access to the laboratory services in the health facilities. It is suggested that the Ministry of health should make it a policy for every health facility to have its own laboratory diagnostic facilities in order to enhance accessibility to diagnostic laboratory testing services in low-resource settings like Zambia.

Published in	International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11
Page(s)	1-8
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

HIV/AIDS, Prevalence, Mwandi District, Zambia

References

[1]	Aitken JM, Kemp J, (2019), HIV/AIDS, Equity and health sector personnel in Southern Africa: Network for Equity in Health in Southern Africa, 3rd Edition, Harare Publishers, Harare.
[2]	UNAIDS & WHO. (2020), AIDS Epidemic, Retrieved September 27, 2022 from http://www.unaids.org/wad/2003/press/Epiupdate2003_en/Epi03_00_en.htm.
[3]	UNAIDS, (2019), New HIV/AIDS infections, Retrieved September 24, 2022 from https://unaids-ap.org/2014/12/
[4]	Amuche JN, Emmanuel IE and Nweze EI, (2017), HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: Current status, Challenges and Prospects, Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Diseases, Volume 7, Pages 239.
[5]	UNAID, (2018), Distribution of new HIV infections among population groups, 2nd edition, Elseviers Inc, New York.
[6]	WHO 2019 WHO, (2019), World Health Statistics. Retrieved December 15, 2022 from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/324835/9789241565707-eng.pdf?ua=1
[7]	Magnussen et al, (2004), Interventions to prevent HIV/AIDS among adolescents in less developed countries: are they effective? Int J Adolesc Med Health, 1 (16). P. 303-23.
[8]	Aggleton et al, (2005), HIV/AIDS and injecting drug use: information, education and communication. International Journal of drug policy, 16 (1), P. 21-30.
[9]	Galindo, Q. M, (2014), knowledge and attitudes on HIV and AIDS: Standpoint of College students of the University of the Immaculate Conception. UIC Research Journals. 20 (1). P. 139-158. Retrieved May 14, 2022 from http://research.uic.edu.ph/ojs/
[10]	Khanam, S. (2019). Prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women attending Ajiko Medical Clinic. Journal of Clinical Research in HIV/AIDS and prevention, 3 (4), p.7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-19-2746
[11]	Abou el Fadl et al. (2019). Assessing the levels of HIV-related knowledge and attitudes toward HIV-infected patients among undergraduate dental students: A cross-sectional study. HIV/AIDS – Research and Palliative Care, 11 (1), p. 83-92.
[12]	Bhandari T. R, (2010), Knowledge on HIV/AIDS among Secondary Level School Students in Kathmandu, Journal of Health and Allied Sciences, 1 (1), P. 16-19.
[13]	Zambia Demographic Health Survey, (ZDHS, 2018), Preliminary report on HIV. Central Statistical Office. Lusaka. Zambia.
[14]	UNAIDS, (2017), Peer education and HIV/AIDS: Concepts, uses and challenges. Retrieved June 17, 2022 from http://data.unaids.org/publications/IRC-pub01/jc291-peereduc_en.pdf
[15]	Zah et al, (2019), Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding HIV/AIDS among senior high school students in Sekondi-Takoradi metropolis in Ghana, Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med, 11 (1). doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v11i1.1875
[16]	Kioko, MT., & Pertet, AM, (2017), Factors contributing to antiretroviral drug adherence among adults living with HIV or AIDS in a Kenyan rural community, Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med, 9 (1), doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v9i1.1343
[17]	WHO, (2021), & Bhatti et al, (2019), Current scenario of HIV/AIDS, treatment options, and major challenges with compliance to antiretroviral therapy. Cureus, 8 (3), doi: 10.7759/cureus.51
[18]	Desta, A. A., Kidane, K. M., Woldegebriel, A. G., Ajemu, K. F., Berhe, A. A., Zgita, D. N., Teweldemedhn, L. W, Woldegebriel, L. L., Bezabih, N. M., Woldearegay, T. W. (2020). Level of Adherence and Associated Factors Among HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Northern Ethiopia: Retrospective Analysis. Patient Prefer Adherence. 14 (1), p. 1585-1594, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S268395
[19]	WHO & UNAIDS, (2018), Comprehensive Approach to HIV/AIDS Treatment and Prevention New AIDS Medicine and Diagnostics Service Simple Treatment Regimens Published Training Tens of Thousands of People to Support AIDS Treatment and Prevention. Retrieved December 15, 2022 from https://www.who.int/news/item/01-12-2003-world-health-organization-and-unaids-unveil-plan-to-get-3-million-aids-patients-on-treatment-by-2020
[20]	WHO, (2014), HIV/AIDS. Global update on the health sector response to HIV 2014. Retrieved December 18, 2022 from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/128196/WHO_HIV_2014.15_eng.pdf?sequence=1

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Tinkler Saul Simbeye, Ebenezer Obi. Daniel, Queen Mulenga, Paul Olaiya Abiodun, Ahmed Mamuda Bello, et al. (2023). Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of HIV Infections in Mwandi District of Zambia: A Three Year Retrospective Review. International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science, 9(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Tinkler Saul Simbeye; Ebenezer Obi. Daniel; Queen Mulenga; Paul Olaiya Abiodun; Ahmed Mamuda Bello, et al. Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of HIV Infections in Mwandi District of Zambia: A Three Year Retrospective Review. Int. J. HIV/AIDS Prev. Educ. Behav. Sci. 2023, 9(1), 1-8. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Tinkler Saul Simbeye, Ebenezer Obi. Daniel, Queen Mulenga, Paul Olaiya Abiodun, Ahmed Mamuda Bello, et al. Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of HIV Infections in Mwandi District of Zambia: A Three Year Retrospective Review. Int J HIV/AIDS Prev Educ Behav Sci. 2023;9(1):1-8. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11,
  author = {Tinkler Saul Simbeye and Ebenezer Obi. Daniel and Queen Mulenga and Paul Olaiya Abiodun and Ahmed Mamuda Bello and Israel Olukayode Popoola and Michael Avwerhota and Azeezat Abimbola Oyewande and Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh and Michael Olabode Tomori and Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia and Adebanke Adetutu Ogun and Oladapo Michael Olagbegi},
  title = {Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of HIV Infections in Mwandi District of Zambia: A Three Year Retrospective Review},
  journal = {International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-8},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijhpebs.20230901.11},
  abstract = {Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a major public health problem in Zambia affecting people in their prime and most productive years (15-49) of life. The cross sectional study was aimed at determining the factors contributing to HIV prevalence in Mwandi district of Zambia from 2016 to 2018. Two hundred and sixty-nine (269) participants were recruited using simple random sampling technique. The study disclosed that, a large proportion of study participants 50.6% (136) were females. The study also revealed that most of the respondents 43.5% (117) had attained some secondary level of education. The study further revealed that the majority 98.1% (264) of the respondents associated HIV transmission with unprotected sexual intercourse. The study also disclosed that most of the respondents 98.5% (265) and 98.1% (264) received health education on HIV/AIDS from hospital and clinics respectively while a considerable proportion of study participants 66.2% (178) acquired health education on HIV/AIDS through reading magazines. Also, this study exposed that, most 87.7% (236) of the respondents had adequate level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Level of education, occupation and number of children were found to have statistically significant relationship with level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS (P<0.05). Apart from that, this study also revealed that 78.8% (212) of study participants had good adherence to STI/HIV/AIDS treatment while 21.7% (57) had poor drug adherence. Level of education was also found to have statistically significant association with drug adherence on HIV/AIDS (P<0.05). The study also uncovered that 88.8% (239) of the respondents did not have access to the laboratory health services in the health facilities in Mwandi district of Zambia. Conversely, only 11.2% (30) of the respondents had access to the laboratory services in the health facilities. It is suggested that the Ministry of health should make it a policy for every health facility to have its own laboratory diagnostic facilities in order to enhance accessibility to diagnostic laboratory testing services in low-resource settings like Zambia.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of HIV Infections in Mwandi District of Zambia: A Three Year Retrospective Review
AU  - Tinkler Saul Simbeye
AU  - Ebenezer Obi. Daniel
AU  - Queen Mulenga
AU  - Paul Olaiya Abiodun
AU  - Ahmed Mamuda Bello
AU  - Israel Olukayode Popoola
AU  - Michael Avwerhota
AU  - Azeezat Abimbola Oyewande
AU  - Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh
AU  - Michael Olabode Tomori
AU  - Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia
AU  - Adebanke Adetutu Ogun
AU  - Oladapo Michael Olagbegi
Y1  - 2023/01/13
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11
T2  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
JF  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
JO  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5765
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11
AB  - Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a major public health problem in Zambia affecting people in their prime and most productive years (15-49) of life. The cross sectional study was aimed at determining the factors contributing to HIV prevalence in Mwandi district of Zambia from 2016 to 2018. Two hundred and sixty-nine (269) participants were recruited using simple random sampling technique. The study disclosed that, a large proportion of study participants 50.6% (136) were females. The study also revealed that most of the respondents 43.5% (117) had attained some secondary level of education. The study further revealed that the majority 98.1% (264) of the respondents associated HIV transmission with unprotected sexual intercourse. The study also disclosed that most of the respondents 98.5% (265) and 98.1% (264) received health education on HIV/AIDS from hospital and clinics respectively while a considerable proportion of study participants 66.2% (178) acquired health education on HIV/AIDS through reading magazines. Also, this study exposed that, most 87.7% (236) of the respondents had adequate level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Level of education, occupation and number of children were found to have statistically significant relationship with level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS (P<0.05). Apart from that, this study also revealed that 78.8% (212) of study participants had good adherence to STI/HIV/AIDS treatment while 21.7% (57) had poor drug adherence. Level of education was also found to have statistically significant association with drug adherence on HIV/AIDS (P<0.05). The study also uncovered that 88.8% (239) of the respondents did not have access to the laboratory health services in the health facilities in Mwandi district of Zambia. Conversely, only 11.2% (30) of the respondents had access to the laboratory services in the health facilities. It is suggested that the Ministry of health should make it a policy for every health facility to have its own laboratory diagnostic facilities in order to enhance accessibility to diagnostic laboratory testing services in low-resource settings like Zambia.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Tinkler Saul Simbeye

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Ebenezer Obi. Daniel

Department of Public Health, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
Queen Mulenga

Catholic Relief Services (CRS), Provincial Health Office, Choma, Zambia
Paul Olaiya Abiodun

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Ahmed Mamuda Bello

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Israel Olukayode Popoola

Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Michael Avwerhota

Department of Public Health, Atlantic International University, Hawaii, United States of American
Azeezat Abimbola Oyewande

Department of Family Medicine, Lagos State Health Service Commission, General Hospital Lagos State, Lagos, Nigeria
Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Michael Olabode Tomori

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia

Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
Adebanke Adetutu Ogun

International Organization for Migration, Abuja, Nigeria
Oladapo Michael Olagbegi

South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape, South Africa

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Tinkler Saul Simbeye, Ebenezer Obi. Daniel, Queen Mulenga, Paul Olaiya Abiodun, Ahmed Mamuda Bello, et al. (2023). Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of HIV Infections in Mwandi District of Zambia: A Three Year Retrospective Review. International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science, 9(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Tinkler Saul Simbeye; Ebenezer Obi. Daniel; Queen Mulenga; Paul Olaiya Abiodun; Ahmed Mamuda Bello, et al. Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of HIV Infections in Mwandi District of Zambia: A Three Year Retrospective Review. Int. J. HIV/AIDS Prev. Educ. Behav. Sci. 2023, 9(1), 1-8. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Tinkler Saul Simbeye, Ebenezer Obi. Daniel, Queen Mulenga, Paul Olaiya Abiodun, Ahmed Mamuda Bello, et al. Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of HIV Infections in Mwandi District of Zambia: A Three Year Retrospective Review. Int J HIV/AIDS Prev Educ Behav Sci. 2023;9(1):1-8. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11,
  author = {Tinkler Saul Simbeye and Ebenezer Obi. Daniel and Queen Mulenga and Paul Olaiya Abiodun and Ahmed Mamuda Bello and Israel Olukayode Popoola and Michael Avwerhota and Azeezat Abimbola Oyewande and Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh and Michael Olabode Tomori and Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia and Adebanke Adetutu Ogun and Oladapo Michael Olagbegi},
  title = {Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of HIV Infections in Mwandi District of Zambia: A Three Year Retrospective Review},
  journal = {International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-8},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijhpebs.20230901.11},
  abstract = {Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a major public health problem in Zambia affecting people in their prime and most productive years (15-49) of life. The cross sectional study was aimed at determining the factors contributing to HIV prevalence in Mwandi district of Zambia from 2016 to 2018. Two hundred and sixty-nine (269) participants were recruited using simple random sampling technique. The study disclosed that, a large proportion of study participants 50.6% (136) were females. The study also revealed that most of the respondents 43.5% (117) had attained some secondary level of education. The study further revealed that the majority 98.1% (264) of the respondents associated HIV transmission with unprotected sexual intercourse. The study also disclosed that most of the respondents 98.5% (265) and 98.1% (264) received health education on HIV/AIDS from hospital and clinics respectively while a considerable proportion of study participants 66.2% (178) acquired health education on HIV/AIDS through reading magazines. Also, this study exposed that, most 87.7% (236) of the respondents had adequate level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Level of education, occupation and number of children were found to have statistically significant relationship with level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS (P<0.05). Apart from that, this study also revealed that 78.8% (212) of study participants had good adherence to STI/HIV/AIDS treatment while 21.7% (57) had poor drug adherence. Level of education was also found to have statistically significant association with drug adherence on HIV/AIDS (P<0.05). The study also uncovered that 88.8% (239) of the respondents did not have access to the laboratory health services in the health facilities in Mwandi district of Zambia. Conversely, only 11.2% (30) of the respondents had access to the laboratory services in the health facilities. It is suggested that the Ministry of health should make it a policy for every health facility to have its own laboratory diagnostic facilities in order to enhance accessibility to diagnostic laboratory testing services in low-resource settings like Zambia.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of HIV Infections in Mwandi District of Zambia: A Three Year Retrospective Review
AU  - Tinkler Saul Simbeye
AU  - Ebenezer Obi. Daniel
AU  - Queen Mulenga
AU  - Paul Olaiya Abiodun
AU  - Ahmed Mamuda Bello
AU  - Israel Olukayode Popoola
AU  - Michael Avwerhota
AU  - Azeezat Abimbola Oyewande
AU  - Christiana Asibi-Ogben Inegbeboh
AU  - Michael Olabode Tomori
AU  - Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia
AU  - Adebanke Adetutu Ogun
AU  - Oladapo Michael Olagbegi
Y1  - 2023/01/13
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11
T2  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
JF  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
JO  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5765
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230901.11
AB  - Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a major public health problem in Zambia affecting people in their prime and most productive years (15-49) of life. The cross sectional study was aimed at determining the factors contributing to HIV prevalence in Mwandi district of Zambia from 2016 to 2018. Two hundred and sixty-nine (269) participants were recruited using simple random sampling technique. The study disclosed that, a large proportion of study participants 50.6% (136) were females. The study also revealed that most of the respondents 43.5% (117) had attained some secondary level of education. The study further revealed that the majority 98.1% (264) of the respondents associated HIV transmission with unprotected sexual intercourse. The study also disclosed that most of the respondents 98.5% (265) and 98.1% (264) received health education on HIV/AIDS from hospital and clinics respectively while a considerable proportion of study participants 66.2% (178) acquired health education on HIV/AIDS through reading magazines. Also, this study exposed that, most 87.7% (236) of the respondents had adequate level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Level of education, occupation and number of children were found to have statistically significant relationship with level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS (P<0.05). Apart from that, this study also revealed that 78.8% (212) of study participants had good adherence to STI/HIV/AIDS treatment while 21.7% (57) had poor drug adherence. Level of education was also found to have statistically significant association with drug adherence on HIV/AIDS (P<0.05). The study also uncovered that 88.8% (239) of the respondents did not have access to the laboratory health services in the health facilities in Mwandi district of Zambia. Conversely, only 11.2% (30) of the respondents had access to the laboratory services in the health facilities. It is suggested that the Ministry of health should make it a policy for every health facility to have its own laboratory diagnostic facilities in order to enhance accessibility to diagnostic laboratory testing services in low-resource settings like Zambia.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download