With the aim of describing variance in morphological features of bread wheat genotypes using frequency and Shannon-Weaver diversity index, the current study was conducted on forty-nine genotypes of bread wheat, including two released varieties (Wane & Lemu). The experiment was laid out in a 7x7 simple lattice designs. White glumes was the most frequent (67.3 %) within the genotypes and red/brown glume color was the less frequent (20.4%), while purple/black glumes was the least frequent phenotypic frequency (12.2%). The present study indicates that most of the studied traits showed polymorphism exception of glume hairiness. Shannon Weaver diversity index ranged from low (Hꞌ=0.4) for glume hairness to high (0.98) for spike density. The highest diversity index was observed for spike density (Hꞌ=0.98) followed by seed vitreousness (Hꞌ=0.94) and seed size (Hꞌ=0.84) which showed the presence of high diversity among genotypes for these traits. These results demonstrated the comparatively significant diversity of the germplasm. Programs for improvement can benefit from this genetic variability. However, drawing firm conclusions from the current results based just on morphology is not possible. Therefore, it is advised that research be done on molecular characteristics as well as other quality attributes such protein content.
| Published in | International Journal of Genetics and Genomics (Volume 12, Issue 1) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijgg.20241201.11 |
| Page(s) | 1-7 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Bread Wheat, Diversity Genotypes, Polymorphism, Shannon-Weaver Diversity
| [1] | Curtis, B. C., 2002. Wheat in the World. In: Bread Wheat: Improvement and Production, Curtis, B. C., S. Rajaram and H. Gomez Macpherson (Eds.). Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, 1-18. |
| [2] | Dvorak, J., Luo, M. C., Yang, Z. L. and Zhang, H. B., 1998. The structure of the Aegilops tauschii genepool and the evolution of hexaploid wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 97(4): 657-670. |
| [3] | Shiferaw B, Smale M, Braun HJ, Duveiller E, Reynolds M, Muricho G (2013). Past successes and future challenges to the role played by wheat in global food security. Food Secur. 5: 291-317. |
| [4] | Morketa Gudeta, 2017. Genetic variability and association of traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) varieties at Gitilo Dale, Western Ethiopia. M. Sc. Thesis presented to the School of Graduate Studies of Haramaya University. 79. |
| [5] | Bekele HH, Verkuiji WM, Tanner DG (2000). Adaptation of improved wheat technologies in Addaba and Dodola Woredas of the Bale highlands of Ethiopia. CIMMYT/EARO, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [6] | Hailu Gebre-Mariam, Tani er, D. G., and Mengistu Hulluka, eds. 1991. Wheat Research in Ethiopia: A historical perspective IAR/CIMMYT. |
| [7] | Ahmed, M., Ijaz, W. and Ahmad, S., 2018. Adapting and evaluating APSIM-Soil P-wheat model for response to phosphorus under rainfed conditions of Pakistan. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 41(16): 2069-2084. |
| [8] | Rahman, M. A., M. L. Kabir, M. Hasanuzzaman, R. H. Rumi and M. Afrose. 2016. Study of variability in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Int. J. Agric. Res. 8: 66-76. |
| [9] | Khan, A. J., Azam, F. and Ali, A., 2010. Relationship of morphological traits and grain yield in recombinant inbred wheat lines grown under drought conditions. Pak. J. Bot, 42(1): 259-267. |
| [10] | Kotal, B. D., Arpita, D. and Choudhury, B. K., 2010. Genetic variability and association of characters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Asian journal of crop science, 2(3): 155-160. |
| [11] | IPGRI (1985). Descriptors for Wheat (Revised), IPGRI, Rome, Italy. |
| [12] | Frankel, O. L., Butler, R. A. and Carpenter-Huffman, M., 1986. Army Manpower Cost System (AMCOS): Active Enlisted Force Prototype. ASSESSMENT GROUP SANTA MONICA CA. |
| [13] | Levandi T., Püssa T., Vaher M., Ingver A., Koppel R., Kaljurand M., (2014). Principal component analysis of HPLC–MS/MS patterns of wheat (Triticumaestivum) varieties. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, 63, 1, 86–92. |
| [14] | Newton A. C., Akar T., Baresel J. P., Bebeli P. J., Bettencourt E., Bladenopoulos K. V., Czembor J. H., Fasoula D. A., Katsiotis A., Koutis K., Koutsika-Sotiriou M., Kovacs G., Larsson. |
| [15] | H., Pinheiro de Carvalho M. A. A., Rubiales D., Russell J., Dos Santos T. M. M., VazPatto M. C., (2010). Cereal landraces for sustainable agriculture. A review. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 30, 237–269. |
| [16] | Dos Santos T. M. M., Ganança F., Slaski J. J., Pinheiro de Carvalho Miguel Â. A., (2009). Morphological characterization of wheat genetic resources from the Island of Madeira, Portugal. Genet Resour Crop Evol, 56: 363–375. |
| [17] | Levy, A. A. and Feldman, M., 1989. Location of genes for high grain protein percentage and other quantitative traits in wild wheat Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides. Euphytica, 41(1), pp. 113-122. |
| [18] | Al Khanjari S., Filatenko A. A., Hammer K., Buerkert A., (2008). Morphological spike diversity of Omani wheat. Genet Resour Crop Evol, 55: 1185–1195. |
| [19] | Dubey B. P., Bhagwat S. G., Shouche S. P., Sainis J. K., (2006). Potential of Artificial Neural Networks in Varietal Identification using Morphometry of Wheat Grains. Biosystems Engineering, 95 (1), 61–67. |
| [20] | Whan A. P., Smith A. B., Cavanagh C. R., Ral J. P. F., Shaw L. M., Howitt C. A., Bischof L., (2014). GrainScan: a low cost, fast method for grain size and colour measurements. Plant Methods, 10: 23. |
| [21] | Okamoto Y., Nguyen A. T., Yoshioka M., Iehisa J. C. M., Takumi S., (2013). Identification of quantitative trait loci controlling grain size and shape in the D genome of synthetic hexaploid wheat lines. Breeding Science 63: 423–429. |
| [22] | Hutcheson, K. 1970. A test for comparing diversities based on the Shannon formula. J. Theor. Biol. 29: 151-154. |
| [23] | Mulugeta, 1986b. Patterns of diversity of Ethiopian wheats (Triticum spp.) and a gene centre for quality breeding. – Plant Breed. 97: 147-162. |
| [24] | Negash Geleta and Heinrich G., 2011. Phenotypic variation of Ethiopian hexaploid wheat accessions. East African Journal of Sciences, 5(2): 89-97. |
| [25] | Laino, P., Limonta, M., Gerna, D. and Vaccino, P., 2015. Morpho-physiolological and qualitative traits of a bread wheat collection spanning a century of breeding in Italy. Biodiversity data journal, (3). |
| [26] | Sentayehu, A., 2019. Characterization among bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Landraces at kaffa zone, south west Ethiopia (Doctoral dissertation). |
| [27] | Othmani, A., Mosbahi, M., Ayed, S., Slim-Amara, H. and Boubaker, M., 2015. Morphological characterization of some Tunisian bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions. Journal of New Sciences, 15. |
| [28] | Börner, A., Schäfer, M., Schmidt, A., Grau, M. and Vorwald, J., 2005. Associations between geographical origin and morphological characters in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Genetic Resources, 3(3): 360-372. |
| [29] | Eticha, F., Belay, G. and Bekele, E., 2006. Species diversity in wheat landrace populations from two regions of Ethiopia. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 53(2): 387-393. |
| [30] | Ayed S., Slim-Amara H., (2009). Distribution and phenotypic variability aspects of some quantitative traits among durum wheat accessions. African Crop Science Journal, 16(4): 219–224. |
| [31] | Grieve, C. M., and L. E. Francois. "The importance of initial seed size in wheat plant response to salinity." Plant and soil 147(2): 197-205. |
| [32] | Rasheed, A., Xia, X., Ogbonnaya, F., Mahmood, T., Zhang, Z., Mujeeb-Kazi, A. and He, Z., 2014. Genome-wide association for grain morphology in synthetic hexaploid wheats using digital imaging analysis. BMC plant biology, 14(1): 1-21. |
| [33] | Dziki, D. and Laskowski, J., 2005. Wheat kernel physical properties and milling process. Acta agrophysica, 6(1): 59-71. |
| [34] | Firdissa Eticha, Endeshaw Bekele, Getachew Belay, and Andreas Börner, 2005. Phenotypic diversity in tetraploid wheats collected from Bale and Wello regions of Ethiopia. Plant Genetic Resources, 3(1): 35-43. |
| [35] | Dejene Kassahun, Afeworki Yohannes Kiros, Mario E. Pè, 2015. Phenotypic diversity in Ethiopian durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) landraces. The Crop Journal, 3: 190-199. |
APA Style
Shifaraw, G., Alamerew, S., Birhan, T. (2024). Morphological Variations in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Gechi District, South West Ethiopia. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics, 12(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20241201.11
ACS Style
Shifaraw, G.; Alamerew, S.; Birhan, T. Morphological Variations in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Gechi District, South West Ethiopia. Int. J. Genet. Genomics 2024, 12(1), 1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20241201.11
AMA Style
Shifaraw G, Alamerew S, Birhan T. Morphological Variations in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Gechi District, South West Ethiopia. Int J Genet Genomics. 2024;12(1):1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20241201.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ijgg.20241201.11,
author = {Garome Shifaraw and Sentayehu Alamerew and Techale Birhan},
title = {Morphological Variations in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Gechi District, South West Ethiopia},
journal = {International Journal of Genetics and Genomics},
volume = {12},
number = {1},
pages = {1-7},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijgg.20241201.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20241201.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijgg.20241201.11},
abstract = {With the aim of describing variance in morphological features of bread wheat genotypes using frequency and Shannon-Weaver diversity index, the current study was conducted on forty-nine genotypes of bread wheat, including two released varieties (Wane & Lemu). The experiment was laid out in a 7x7 simple lattice designs. White glumes was the most frequent (67.3 %) within the genotypes and red/brown glume color was the less frequent (20.4%), while purple/black glumes was the least frequent phenotypic frequency (12.2%). The present study indicates that most of the studied traits showed polymorphism exception of glume hairiness. Shannon Weaver diversity index ranged from low (Hꞌ=0.4) for glume hairness to high (0.98) for spike density. The highest diversity index was observed for spike density (Hꞌ=0.98) followed by seed vitreousness (Hꞌ=0.94) and seed size (Hꞌ=0.84) which showed the presence of high diversity among genotypes for these traits. These results demonstrated the comparatively significant diversity of the germplasm. Programs for improvement can benefit from this genetic variability. However, drawing firm conclusions from the current results based just on morphology is not possible. Therefore, it is advised that research be done on molecular characteristics as well as other quality attributes such protein content.
},
year = {2024}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Morphological Variations in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Gechi District, South West Ethiopia AU - Garome Shifaraw AU - Sentayehu Alamerew AU - Techale Birhan Y1 - 2024/01/11 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20241201.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ijgg.20241201.11 T2 - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics JF - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics JO - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2376-7359 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20241201.11 AB - With the aim of describing variance in morphological features of bread wheat genotypes using frequency and Shannon-Weaver diversity index, the current study was conducted on forty-nine genotypes of bread wheat, including two released varieties (Wane & Lemu). The experiment was laid out in a 7x7 simple lattice designs. White glumes was the most frequent (67.3 %) within the genotypes and red/brown glume color was the less frequent (20.4%), while purple/black glumes was the least frequent phenotypic frequency (12.2%). The present study indicates that most of the studied traits showed polymorphism exception of glume hairiness. Shannon Weaver diversity index ranged from low (Hꞌ=0.4) for glume hairness to high (0.98) for spike density. The highest diversity index was observed for spike density (Hꞌ=0.98) followed by seed vitreousness (Hꞌ=0.94) and seed size (Hꞌ=0.84) which showed the presence of high diversity among genotypes for these traits. These results demonstrated the comparatively significant diversity of the germplasm. Programs for improvement can benefit from this genetic variability. However, drawing firm conclusions from the current results based just on morphology is not possible. Therefore, it is advised that research be done on molecular characteristics as well as other quality attributes such protein content. VL - 12 IS - 1 ER -
Department of Plant Science, Mettu University, Bedelle, Ethiopia
Information