Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Utilizing Marine Bacteria and Their Phenol Degradation Pathway

Hiroaki Iwaki; Kengo Takada; Yoshie Hasegawa

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11

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Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Utilizing Marine Bacteria and Their Phenol Degradation Pathway

Hiroaki Iwaki, Kengo Takada, Yoshie Hasegawa

Published in International Journal of Genetics and Genomics (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 26 November 2014 Accepted: 9 December 2014 Published: 27 February 2015

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Abstract

Phenolic compounds are widely distributed toxic pollutants in seawater, and their effective degradation is very important for bioremediation programs. In this study, nine phenol-degrading bacteria were isolated from seawater samples, which were collected from the coastal areas of Japan. Besides the enrichment substrate phenol, all isolates could utilize at least one isomer of cresol as the sole source of carbon. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that all strains were affiliated with the class Gammaproteobacteria, four strains were closely related to Spongiibacter, four were closely related to Marinobacter, and one was closely related to Photobacterium. During growth on phenol, all isolates produced a yellow product, and a whole-cell study indicated that it was an extradiol meta-ring cleavage product of catechol, 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the partial gene encoding the largest subunit of the multicomponent phenol hydroxylase of the isolates was similar to that of terrestrial bacteria, thereby suggesting that phenol is converted into catechol by marine bacteria. We also suggest that horizontal transfer of the gene may occur not only among marine bacteria but also between the genera Marinobacter and Pseudomonas.

Published in	International Journal of Genetics and Genomics (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11
Page(s)	20-25
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Phenol Degradation, Marine Bacteria, Multicomponent Phenol Hydroxylase, Catechol 2, 3-Dioxygenase, Isolation, Marinobacter, Spongiibacter, Photobacterium

References

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APA Style

Hiroaki Iwaki, Kengo Takada, Yoshie Hasegawa. (2015). Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Utilizing Marine Bacteria and Their Phenol Degradation Pathway. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics, 3(2), 20-25. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11

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ACS Style

Hiroaki Iwaki; Kengo Takada; Yoshie Hasegawa. Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Utilizing Marine Bacteria and Their Phenol Degradation Pathway. Int. J. Genet. Genomics 2015, 3(2), 20-25. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11

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AMA Style

Hiroaki Iwaki, Kengo Takada, Yoshie Hasegawa. Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Utilizing Marine Bacteria and Their Phenol Degradation Pathway. Int J Genet Genomics. 2015;3(2):20-25. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11,
  author = {Hiroaki Iwaki and Kengo Takada and Yoshie Hasegawa},
  title = {Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Utilizing Marine Bacteria and Their Phenol Degradation Pathway},
  journal = {International Journal of Genetics and Genomics},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {20-25},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijgg.20150302.11},
  abstract = {Phenolic compounds are widely distributed toxic pollutants in seawater, and their effective degradation is very important for bioremediation programs. In this study, nine phenol-degrading bacteria were isolated from seawater samples, which were collected from the coastal areas of Japan. Besides the enrichment substrate phenol, all isolates could utilize at least one isomer of cresol as the sole source of carbon. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that all strains were affiliated with the class Gammaproteobacteria, four strains were closely related to Spongiibacter, four were closely related to Marinobacter, and one was closely related to Photobacterium. During growth on phenol, all isolates produced a yellow product, and a whole-cell study indicated that it was an extradiol meta-ring cleavage product of catechol, 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the partial gene encoding the largest subunit of the multicomponent phenol hydroxylase of the isolates was similar to that of terrestrial bacteria, thereby suggesting that phenol is converted into catechol by marine bacteria. We also suggest that horizontal transfer of the gene may occur not only among marine bacteria but also between the genera Marinobacter and Pseudomonas.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Utilizing Marine Bacteria and Their Phenol Degradation Pathway
AU  - Hiroaki Iwaki
AU  - Kengo Takada
AU  - Yoshie Hasegawa
Y1  - 2015/02/27
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11
T2  - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics
JF  - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics
JO  - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics
SP  - 20
EP  - 25
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7359
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11
AB  - Phenolic compounds are widely distributed toxic pollutants in seawater, and their effective degradation is very important for bioremediation programs. In this study, nine phenol-degrading bacteria were isolated from seawater samples, which were collected from the coastal areas of Japan. Besides the enrichment substrate phenol, all isolates could utilize at least one isomer of cresol as the sole source of carbon. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that all strains were affiliated with the class Gammaproteobacteria, four strains were closely related to Spongiibacter, four were closely related to Marinobacter, and one was closely related to Photobacterium. During growth on phenol, all isolates produced a yellow product, and a whole-cell study indicated that it was an extradiol meta-ring cleavage product of catechol, 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the partial gene encoding the largest subunit of the multicomponent phenol hydroxylase of the isolates was similar to that of terrestrial bacteria, thereby suggesting that phenol is converted into catechol by marine bacteria. We also suggest that horizontal transfer of the gene may occur not only among marine bacteria but also between the genera Marinobacter and Pseudomonas.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Hiroaki Iwaki

Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-Cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
Kengo Takada

Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-Cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
Yoshie Hasegawa

Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-Cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Hiroaki Iwaki, Kengo Takada, Yoshie Hasegawa. (2015). Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Utilizing Marine Bacteria and Their Phenol Degradation Pathway. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics, 3(2), 20-25. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11

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ACS Style

Hiroaki Iwaki; Kengo Takada; Yoshie Hasegawa. Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Utilizing Marine Bacteria and Their Phenol Degradation Pathway. Int. J. Genet. Genomics 2015, 3(2), 20-25. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11

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AMA Style

Hiroaki Iwaki, Kengo Takada, Yoshie Hasegawa. Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Utilizing Marine Bacteria and Their Phenol Degradation Pathway. Int J Genet Genomics. 2015;3(2):20-25. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11,
  author = {Hiroaki Iwaki and Kengo Takada and Yoshie Hasegawa},
  title = {Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Utilizing Marine Bacteria and Their Phenol Degradation Pathway},
  journal = {International Journal of Genetics and Genomics},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {20-25},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijgg.20150302.11},
  abstract = {Phenolic compounds are widely distributed toxic pollutants in seawater, and their effective degradation is very important for bioremediation programs. In this study, nine phenol-degrading bacteria were isolated from seawater samples, which were collected from the coastal areas of Japan. Besides the enrichment substrate phenol, all isolates could utilize at least one isomer of cresol as the sole source of carbon. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that all strains were affiliated with the class Gammaproteobacteria, four strains were closely related to Spongiibacter, four were closely related to Marinobacter, and one was closely related to Photobacterium. During growth on phenol, all isolates produced a yellow product, and a whole-cell study indicated that it was an extradiol meta-ring cleavage product of catechol, 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the partial gene encoding the largest subunit of the multicomponent phenol hydroxylase of the isolates was similar to that of terrestrial bacteria, thereby suggesting that phenol is converted into catechol by marine bacteria. We also suggest that horizontal transfer of the gene may occur not only among marine bacteria but also between the genera Marinobacter and Pseudomonas.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Utilizing Marine Bacteria and Their Phenol Degradation Pathway
AU  - Hiroaki Iwaki
AU  - Kengo Takada
AU  - Yoshie Hasegawa
Y1  - 2015/02/27
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11
T2  - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics
JF  - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics
JO  - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics
SP  - 20
EP  - 25
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7359
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20150302.11
AB  - Phenolic compounds are widely distributed toxic pollutants in seawater, and their effective degradation is very important for bioremediation programs. In this study, nine phenol-degrading bacteria were isolated from seawater samples, which were collected from the coastal areas of Japan. Besides the enrichment substrate phenol, all isolates could utilize at least one isomer of cresol as the sole source of carbon. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that all strains were affiliated with the class Gammaproteobacteria, four strains were closely related to Spongiibacter, four were closely related to Marinobacter, and one was closely related to Photobacterium. During growth on phenol, all isolates produced a yellow product, and a whole-cell study indicated that it was an extradiol meta-ring cleavage product of catechol, 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the partial gene encoding the largest subunit of the multicomponent phenol hydroxylase of the isolates was similar to that of terrestrial bacteria, thereby suggesting that phenol is converted into catechol by marine bacteria. We also suggest that horizontal transfer of the gene may occur not only among marine bacteria but also between the genera Marinobacter and Pseudomonas.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download