Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil in Vaderbijlpark, South Africa

F. M. Mtunzi; E. D. Dikio; S. J. Moja

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13

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Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil in Vaderbijlpark, South Africa

F. M. Mtunzi, E. D. Dikio, S. J. Moja

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 29 January 2015 Accepted: 10 February 2015 Published: 2 March 2015

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Abstract

In this study, inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) is employed for the evaluation of soil pollution for selected metals in the Vanderbijlpark area of South Africa. Soil samples investigated were collected from five different sites in the city based on their proximity to the industrial areas of Vanderbijlpark. Soil samples were collected from close to traffic robots, farms, township schools, Iemas garage and central East 5 (CE5) suburbs. The results obtained show metal levels at the robot decrease in the order Pb > Zn > V > Bi > Ni > Li > As > Sn > Co > Cu > Mo > Sb > Hg > Se; at the farm they decrease in the order Pb > Zn > Bi > Li > Sn > As > V > Cu > Mo > Sb > Ni > Co > Cd > Se > Hg; in the township school they decrease in the order Pb > Zn > Cu > Li > V > Sn > As > Ni > Bi > Mo > Sb > Co > Cd > Se > Hg; at the Iemas garage the decreasing order is Pb > Zn > V > Li > Sn > As > Bi > Cu > Ni > Mo > Co > Cd > Se > Hg > Sb and in the CE5 suburb the decreasing order is Pb > Zn > V > Li > As > Cu > Sn > Ni> Mo > Co > Bi > Cd > Sb > Se > Hg. In all the sample points, the levels of lead (Pb) was found to be high, particularly at the farm and the township school area. However, the concentrations of all other metals at all the sampling points were within the US-EPA maximum allowable limits.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13
Page(s)	44-49
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Inductive Coupled Plasma, Optical Emission Spectroscopy, Soil, Heavy Metals

References

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APA Style

F. M. Mtunzi, E. D. Dikio, S. J. Moja. (2015). Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil in Vaderbijlpark, South Africa. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 3(2), 44-49. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13

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ACS Style

F. M. Mtunzi; E. D. Dikio; S. J. Moja. Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil in Vaderbijlpark, South Africa. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2015, 3(2), 44-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13

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AMA Style

F. M. Mtunzi, E. D. Dikio, S. J. Moja. Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil in Vaderbijlpark, South Africa. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2015;3(2):44-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13,
  author = {F. M. Mtunzi and E. D. Dikio and S. J. Moja},
  title = {Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil in Vaderbijlpark, South Africa},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {44-49},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20150302.13},
  abstract = {In this study, inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) is employed for the evaluation of soil pollution for selected metals in the Vanderbijlpark area of South Africa. Soil samples investigated were collected from five different sites in the city based on their proximity to the industrial areas of Vanderbijlpark. Soil samples were collected from close to traffic robots, farms, township schools, Iemas garage and central East 5 (CE5) suburbs. The results obtained show metal levels at the robot decrease in the order Pb > Zn > V > Bi > Ni > Li > As > Sn > Co > Cu > Mo > Sb > Hg > Se; at the farm they decrease in the order Pb > Zn > Bi > Li > Sn > As > V > Cu > Mo > Sb > Ni > Co > Cd > Se > Hg; in the township school they decrease in the order Pb > Zn > Cu > Li > V > Sn > As > Ni > Bi > Mo > Sb > Co > Cd > Se > Hg; at the Iemas garage the decreasing order is Pb > Zn > V > Li > Sn > As > Bi > Cu > Ni > Mo > Co > Cd > Se > Hg > Sb and in the CE5 suburb the decreasing order is Pb > Zn > V > Li > As > Cu > Sn > Ni> Mo > Co > Bi > Cd > Sb > Se > Hg. In all the sample points, the levels of lead (Pb) was found to be high, particularly at the farm and the township school area. However, the concentrations of all other metals at all the sampling points were within the US-EPA maximum allowable limits.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil in Vaderbijlpark, South Africa
AU  - F. M. Mtunzi
AU  - E. D. Dikio
AU  - S. J. Moja
Y1  - 2015/03/02
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 44
EP  - 49
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13
AB  - In this study, inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) is employed for the evaluation of soil pollution for selected metals in the Vanderbijlpark area of South Africa. Soil samples investigated were collected from five different sites in the city based on their proximity to the industrial areas of Vanderbijlpark. Soil samples were collected from close to traffic robots, farms, township schools, Iemas garage and central East 5 (CE5) suburbs. The results obtained show metal levels at the robot decrease in the order Pb > Zn > V > Bi > Ni > Li > As > Sn > Co > Cu > Mo > Sb > Hg > Se; at the farm they decrease in the order Pb > Zn > Bi > Li > Sn > As > V > Cu > Mo > Sb > Ni > Co > Cd > Se > Hg; in the township school they decrease in the order Pb > Zn > Cu > Li > V > Sn > As > Ni > Bi > Mo > Sb > Co > Cd > Se > Hg; at the Iemas garage the decreasing order is Pb > Zn > V > Li > Sn > As > Bi > Cu > Ni > Mo > Co > Cd > Se > Hg > Sb and in the CE5 suburb the decreasing order is Pb > Zn > V > Li > As > Cu > Sn > Ni> Mo > Co > Bi > Cd > Sb > Se > Hg. In all the sample points, the levels of lead (Pb) was found to be high, particularly at the farm and the township school area. However, the concentrations of all other metals at all the sampling points were within the US-EPA maximum allowable limits.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

F. M. Mtunzi

Department of Chemistry, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
E. D. Dikio

Department of Chemistry, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
S. J. Moja

Department of Environmental Sciences, Florida Campus, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa

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APA Style

F. M. Mtunzi, E. D. Dikio, S. J. Moja. (2015). Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil in Vaderbijlpark, South Africa. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 3(2), 44-49. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13

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ACS Style

F. M. Mtunzi; E. D. Dikio; S. J. Moja. Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil in Vaderbijlpark, South Africa. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2015, 3(2), 44-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13

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AMA Style

F. M. Mtunzi, E. D. Dikio, S. J. Moja. Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil in Vaderbijlpark, South Africa. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2015;3(2):44-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13,
  author = {F. M. Mtunzi and E. D. Dikio and S. J. Moja},
  title = {Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil in Vaderbijlpark, South Africa},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {44-49},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20150302.13},
  abstract = {In this study, inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) is employed for the evaluation of soil pollution for selected metals in the Vanderbijlpark area of South Africa. Soil samples investigated were collected from five different sites in the city based on their proximity to the industrial areas of Vanderbijlpark. Soil samples were collected from close to traffic robots, farms, township schools, Iemas garage and central East 5 (CE5) suburbs. The results obtained show metal levels at the robot decrease in the order Pb > Zn > V > Bi > Ni > Li > As > Sn > Co > Cu > Mo > Sb > Hg > Se; at the farm they decrease in the order Pb > Zn > Bi > Li > Sn > As > V > Cu > Mo > Sb > Ni > Co > Cd > Se > Hg; in the township school they decrease in the order Pb > Zn > Cu > Li > V > Sn > As > Ni > Bi > Mo > Sb > Co > Cd > Se > Hg; at the Iemas garage the decreasing order is Pb > Zn > V > Li > Sn > As > Bi > Cu > Ni > Mo > Co > Cd > Se > Hg > Sb and in the CE5 suburb the decreasing order is Pb > Zn > V > Li > As > Cu > Sn > Ni> Mo > Co > Bi > Cd > Sb > Se > Hg. In all the sample points, the levels of lead (Pb) was found to be high, particularly at the farm and the township school area. However, the concentrations of all other metals at all the sampling points were within the US-EPA maximum allowable limits.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil in Vaderbijlpark, South Africa
AU  - F. M. Mtunzi
AU  - E. D. Dikio
AU  - S. J. Moja
Y1  - 2015/03/02
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 44
EP  - 49
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.13
AB  - In this study, inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) is employed for the evaluation of soil pollution for selected metals in the Vanderbijlpark area of South Africa. Soil samples investigated were collected from five different sites in the city based on their proximity to the industrial areas of Vanderbijlpark. Soil samples were collected from close to traffic robots, farms, township schools, Iemas garage and central East 5 (CE5) suburbs. The results obtained show metal levels at the robot decrease in the order Pb > Zn > V > Bi > Ni > Li > As > Sn > Co > Cu > Mo > Sb > Hg > Se; at the farm they decrease in the order Pb > Zn > Bi > Li > Sn > As > V > Cu > Mo > Sb > Ni > Co > Cd > Se > Hg; in the township school they decrease in the order Pb > Zn > Cu > Li > V > Sn > As > Ni > Bi > Mo > Sb > Co > Cd > Se > Hg; at the Iemas garage the decreasing order is Pb > Zn > V > Li > Sn > As > Bi > Cu > Ni > Mo > Co > Cd > Se > Hg > Sb and in the CE5 suburb the decreasing order is Pb > Zn > V > Li > As > Cu > Sn > Ni> Mo > Co > Bi > Cd > Sb > Se > Hg. In all the sample points, the levels of lead (Pb) was found to be high, particularly at the farm and the township school area. However, the concentrations of all other metals at all the sampling points were within the US-EPA maximum allowable limits.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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