An Integrated Indexical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Sukkur City, Pakistan

Muhammad Haseeb Ansari; Ghulam Shabir Solangi; Nabi Bux Bhatti; Palwasha Akram; Sallah ud din Panhwar; Faraz Ali Shah; Shahzeb Ansari

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12

An Integrated Indexical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Sukkur City, Pakistan

Muhammad Haseeb Ansari, Ghulam Shabir Solangi, Nabi Bux Bhatti, Palwasha Akram, Sallah ud din Panhwar, Faraz Ali Shah, Shahzeb Ansari

Published in International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment (Volume 6, Issue 5)

Received: 29 April 2021 Accepted: 3 September 2021 Published: 14 September 2021

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Abstract

Groundwater contamination issues are rising globally, including the Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan. Due to gravity of the problem and concerns of the people of Sukkur City, the present study was planned to assess the quality of groundwater of Sukkur City based on an integrated indexical approach, i.e., the water quality index (WQI) model. The WQI was calculated using analysis results of various physicochemical parameters of thirty (30) georeferenced groundwater samples randomly collected from the study area. Groundwater samples were analyzed for various physical and chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), total hardness (TH), chlorides, nitrates, nitrites, etc. The observed level of pH in the groundwater samples of the study area ranged in between 7.6 to 8.8. The chloride concentration ranged between 32 to 2280 mg/l. The calcium level ranged between 8 to 440 mg/l. The magnesium concentration observed between 32 to 1710 mg/l The total hardness level ranged between 40 to 2150 mg/l. The EC and TDS ranged between 0.28 to 8.13 dS/m, and between 180 to 5200 mg/l respectively. The estimations of the WQI model showed that 2% of the water samples were excellent, 52% good, 22% poor, and 24% unsuitable for drinking purpose. Overall water quality analysis indicated that some of the areas of the Sukkur city have poor quality groundwater, thus it should be treated before its use for domestic purposes.

Published in	International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment (Volume 6, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12
Page(s)	91-97
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Groundwater, Physicochemical Analysis, WQI, Sukkur, Pakistan

References

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APA Style

Muhammad Haseeb Ansari, Ghulam Shabir Solangi, Nabi Bux Bhatti, Palwasha Akram, Sallah ud din Panhwar, et al. (2021). An Integrated Indexical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Sukkur City, Pakistan. International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment, 6(5), 91-97. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12

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ACS Style

Muhammad Haseeb Ansari; Ghulam Shabir Solangi; Nabi Bux Bhatti; Palwasha Akram; Sallah ud din Panhwar, et al. An Integrated Indexical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Sukkur City, Pakistan. Int. J. Econ. Energy Environ. 2021, 6(5), 91-97. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12

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AMA Style

Muhammad Haseeb Ansari, Ghulam Shabir Solangi, Nabi Bux Bhatti, Palwasha Akram, Sallah ud din Panhwar, et al. An Integrated Indexical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Sukkur City, Pakistan. Int J Econ Energy Environ. 2021;6(5):91-97. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12,
  author = {Muhammad Haseeb Ansari and Ghulam Shabir Solangi and Nabi Bux Bhatti and Palwasha Akram and Sallah ud din Panhwar and Faraz Ali Shah and Shahzeb Ansari},
  title = {An Integrated Indexical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Sukkur City, Pakistan},
  journal = {International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment},
  volume = {6},
  number = {5},
  pages = {91-97},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijeee.20210605.12},
  abstract = {Groundwater contamination issues are rising globally, including the Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan. Due to gravity of the problem and concerns of the people of Sukkur City, the present study was planned to assess the quality of groundwater of Sukkur City based on an integrated indexical approach, i.e., the water quality index (WQI) model. The WQI was calculated using analysis results of various physicochemical parameters of thirty (30) georeferenced groundwater samples randomly collected from the study area. Groundwater samples were analyzed for various physical and chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), total hardness (TH), chlorides, nitrates, nitrites, etc. The observed level of pH in the groundwater samples of the study area ranged in between 7.6 to 8.8. The chloride concentration ranged between 32 to 2280 mg/l. The calcium level ranged between 8 to 440 mg/l. The magnesium concentration observed between 32 to 1710 mg/l The total hardness level ranged between 40 to 2150 mg/l. The EC and TDS ranged between 0.28 to 8.13 dS/m, and between 180 to 5200 mg/l respectively. The estimations of the WQI model showed that 2% of the water samples were excellent, 52% good, 22% poor, and 24% unsuitable for drinking purpose. Overall water quality analysis indicated that some of the areas of the Sukkur city have poor quality groundwater, thus it should be treated before its use for domestic purposes.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - An Integrated Indexical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Sukkur City, Pakistan
AU  - Muhammad Haseeb Ansari
AU  - Ghulam Shabir Solangi
AU  - Nabi Bux Bhatti
AU  - Palwasha Akram
AU  - Sallah ud din Panhwar
AU  - Faraz Ali Shah
AU  - Shahzeb Ansari
Y1  - 2021/09/14
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12
T2  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JF  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JO  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
SP  - 91
EP  - 97
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5021
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12
AB  - Groundwater contamination issues are rising globally, including the Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan. Due to gravity of the problem and concerns of the people of Sukkur City, the present study was planned to assess the quality of groundwater of Sukkur City based on an integrated indexical approach, i.e., the water quality index (WQI) model. The WQI was calculated using analysis results of various physicochemical parameters of thirty (30) georeferenced groundwater samples randomly collected from the study area. Groundwater samples were analyzed for various physical and chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), total hardness (TH), chlorides, nitrates, nitrites, etc. The observed level of pH in the groundwater samples of the study area ranged in between 7.6 to 8.8. The chloride concentration ranged between 32 to 2280 mg/l. The calcium level ranged between 8 to 440 mg/l. The magnesium concentration observed between 32 to 1710 mg/l The total hardness level ranged between 40 to 2150 mg/l. The EC and TDS ranged between 0.28 to 8.13 dS/m, and between 180 to 5200 mg/l respectively. The estimations of the WQI model showed that 2% of the water samples were excellent, 52% good, 22% poor, and 24% unsuitable for drinking purpose. Overall water quality analysis indicated that some of the areas of the Sukkur city have poor quality groundwater, thus it should be treated before its use for domestic purposes.
VL  - 6
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Muhammad Haseeb Ansari

Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Campus, Khairpur Mir’s, Pakistan
Ghulam Shabir Solangi

Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Campus, Khairpur Mir’s, Pakistan
Nabi Bux Bhatti

Sindh Irrigated Agriculture and Productivity Enhancement Project (SIAPEP), Government of Sindh, District Larkana, Pakistan
Palwasha Akram

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Dr. M. A. Kazi, Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
Sallah ud din Panhwar

Department of Civil Engineering, Balochistan University of Engineering & Technology, Khuzdar, Pakistan
Faraz Ali Shah

Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Campus, Khairpur Mir’s, Pakistan
Shahzeb Ansari

Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Campus, Khairpur Mir’s, Pakistan

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APA Style

Muhammad Haseeb Ansari, Ghulam Shabir Solangi, Nabi Bux Bhatti, Palwasha Akram, Sallah ud din Panhwar, et al. (2021). An Integrated Indexical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Sukkur City, Pakistan. International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment, 6(5), 91-97. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12

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ACS Style

Muhammad Haseeb Ansari; Ghulam Shabir Solangi; Nabi Bux Bhatti; Palwasha Akram; Sallah ud din Panhwar, et al. An Integrated Indexical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Sukkur City, Pakistan. Int. J. Econ. Energy Environ. 2021, 6(5), 91-97. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12

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AMA Style

Muhammad Haseeb Ansari, Ghulam Shabir Solangi, Nabi Bux Bhatti, Palwasha Akram, Sallah ud din Panhwar, et al. An Integrated Indexical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Sukkur City, Pakistan. Int J Econ Energy Environ. 2021;6(5):91-97. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12,
  author = {Muhammad Haseeb Ansari and Ghulam Shabir Solangi and Nabi Bux Bhatti and Palwasha Akram and Sallah ud din Panhwar and Faraz Ali Shah and Shahzeb Ansari},
  title = {An Integrated Indexical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Sukkur City, Pakistan},
  journal = {International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment},
  volume = {6},
  number = {5},
  pages = {91-97},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijeee.20210605.12},
  abstract = {Groundwater contamination issues are rising globally, including the Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan. Due to gravity of the problem and concerns of the people of Sukkur City, the present study was planned to assess the quality of groundwater of Sukkur City based on an integrated indexical approach, i.e., the water quality index (WQI) model. The WQI was calculated using analysis results of various physicochemical parameters of thirty (30) georeferenced groundwater samples randomly collected from the study area. Groundwater samples were analyzed for various physical and chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), total hardness (TH), chlorides, nitrates, nitrites, etc. The observed level of pH in the groundwater samples of the study area ranged in between 7.6 to 8.8. The chloride concentration ranged between 32 to 2280 mg/l. The calcium level ranged between 8 to 440 mg/l. The magnesium concentration observed between 32 to 1710 mg/l The total hardness level ranged between 40 to 2150 mg/l. The EC and TDS ranged between 0.28 to 8.13 dS/m, and between 180 to 5200 mg/l respectively. The estimations of the WQI model showed that 2% of the water samples were excellent, 52% good, 22% poor, and 24% unsuitable for drinking purpose. Overall water quality analysis indicated that some of the areas of the Sukkur city have poor quality groundwater, thus it should be treated before its use for domestic purposes.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - An Integrated Indexical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Sukkur City, Pakistan
AU  - Muhammad Haseeb Ansari
AU  - Ghulam Shabir Solangi
AU  - Nabi Bux Bhatti
AU  - Palwasha Akram
AU  - Sallah ud din Panhwar
AU  - Faraz Ali Shah
AU  - Shahzeb Ansari
Y1  - 2021/09/14
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12
T2  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JF  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JO  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
SP  - 91
EP  - 97
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5021
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210605.12
AB  - Groundwater contamination issues are rising globally, including the Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan. Due to gravity of the problem and concerns of the people of Sukkur City, the present study was planned to assess the quality of groundwater of Sukkur City based on an integrated indexical approach, i.e., the water quality index (WQI) model. The WQI was calculated using analysis results of various physicochemical parameters of thirty (30) georeferenced groundwater samples randomly collected from the study area. Groundwater samples were analyzed for various physical and chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), total hardness (TH), chlorides, nitrates, nitrites, etc. The observed level of pH in the groundwater samples of the study area ranged in between 7.6 to 8.8. The chloride concentration ranged between 32 to 2280 mg/l. The calcium level ranged between 8 to 440 mg/l. The magnesium concentration observed between 32 to 1710 mg/l The total hardness level ranged between 40 to 2150 mg/l. The EC and TDS ranged between 0.28 to 8.13 dS/m, and between 180 to 5200 mg/l respectively. The estimations of the WQI model showed that 2% of the water samples were excellent, 52% good, 22% poor, and 24% unsuitable for drinking purpose. Overall water quality analysis indicated that some of the areas of the Sukkur city have poor quality groundwater, thus it should be treated before its use for domestic purposes.
VL  - 6
IS  - 5
ER  -

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