Corruption – Why and How; a Moral-Economic Analysis

Rezwanul Kabir

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11

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Corruption – Why and How; a Moral-Economic Analysis

Rezwanul Kabir

Published in International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment (Volume 6, Issue 2)

Received: 21 December 2020 Accepted: 31 December 2020 Published: 20 April 2021

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Abstract

Corruption emerged as one of main socio-political and economic problems of the countries which lead fortitude of its governments. No doubt, corruption has major implications for the distribution of income and wealth in the country, for its leading to specific patterns of expenditure and investment which leads to the illegal generation of wealth and the black money economy. As a consequence, in this paper we analyzed those significant causes of corruption on which insufficient attention has been given and ignored to the social dimension of emerging economic issues, despite the fact that social and economic issues are interlinked. Pertaining to this, we provided strong evidence of the existence of a causal link of corruption by presenting exploratory scholarship estimates using in-depth interviews of our sample households as instruments in the ground level, and by showing that our explanatory factors are actual predictors of corruption. In contrast to the previous literature, we found strong evidence in favor of the theory that institutional amelioration on moral-economic basis reduces corruption. Hence there is a growing recognition about making different and essential approach theoretically on the subject of elucidation of corruption with the intention of social institutions in moral-economic dimension.

Published in	International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11
Page(s)	18-28
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Moral-economic Dimension, Corruption, Underemployment and Inflation, Social Institutions, Goals and Objectives

References

[1]	Acemoglu, Daron, 2009, “Introduction to Modern Economic Growth”, Princeton University Press.
[2]	Asad Ullah and Mussawar Shah, 2013, “Does Pakistani Society Accept Corruption as a Changed Value with Reference to Religious Perspective?”, International Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences IJBAS-IJENS Vol: 13 No: 01.
[3]	Amit A. Pandya, 2010, “Muslim Indians; Struggle for Inclusion”, ‘The Henry L. Stimson Centre’.
[4]	Classification, Control & Appeal Rules, 1965, http://www.persmin.gov.in/DOPT/EmployeesCorner/Acts_Rules/ccs(cca)/ccstotal1.htm.
[5]	Dr. David A. Dilts, 2004, “Introduction to Microeconomics”, Published by Indiana - Purdue University - Fort Wayne.
[6]	Mohamed Dridi, 2014, “Corruption and Education: Empirical Evidence” International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Vol. 4, No. 3, 2014, pp. 476-493, ISSN: 2146-4138.
[7]	Georgios I. Zekos, 2004, “Ethics versus corruption in globalization”.
[8]	http://www.corruptie.org/en/corruption/what-is-corruption/
[9]	Hawken and Munck, 2009, “Measuring Corruption: A Critical Assessment and a Proposal”.
[10]	“India Corruption Study-2008 with Special Focus on BPL Households”, ‘Centre for Media Studies’ (CMS) issued by Transparency International India.
[11]	Kurtz and Shrank 2007, “Conceptualizing and Measuring Institutions: A View from Political Science”.
[12]	Mohamed A. ‘Arafa’s “Corruption and Bribery in Muslimic Law: Are Muslimic Ideals Being Met in Practice?”
[13]	NSS Report No. 552: “Employment and Unemployment Situation among Major Religious Groups in India”, NSS Report.
[14]	Omer M. Othman Domoro and Syed Omar Syed Agil, 2012, “Factors Influencing Police Corruption in Libya – A Preliminary Study”, International Journal of Economics and Management Sciences, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2012, pp. 25-35.
[15]	Petrus C. van Duyne, “Will Caligula go transparent? Corruption in acts & attitudes”, Published in: Forum on Crime and Society, 2001, vol. 1, nr. 2, 73-98.
[16]	Rajeev K. Goel and Michael A. Nelson, 1998 “Corruption and government size: A disaggregated analysis”.
[17]	Ritva Reinikka and Jakob Svensson, June 2003, “Survey Techniques to Measure and Explain Corruption”, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3071.
[18]	Saha, Shrabani and Gounder, Rukmani, 2009, “Corruption and Economic Development Nexus: Variation across Regions and Income Levels”.
[19]	Sayyid Musa Sadr, 2011, “Muslim, Humanity and Human Values” Journal: Vol. 11, N. 4, 2011, Publisher (s): Ahlul Bayt World Assembly.
[20]	6^th Pay Commission of India, http://finmin.nic.in/6cpc/6cpchighlights.pdf.
[21]	Vito Tanzi, 1998, “Corruption Around the World: Causes, Consequences, Scope and Cures”, IMF Working Paper.

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APA Style

Rezwanul Kabir. (2021). Corruption – Why and How; a Moral-Economic Analysis. International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment, 6(2), 18-28. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11

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ACS Style

Rezwanul Kabir. Corruption – Why and How; a Moral-Economic Analysis. Int. J. Econ. Energy Environ. 2021, 6(2), 18-28. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11

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AMA Style

Rezwanul Kabir. Corruption – Why and How; a Moral-Economic Analysis. Int J Econ Energy Environ. 2021;6(2):18-28. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11,
  author = {Rezwanul Kabir},
  title = {Corruption – Why and How; a Moral-Economic Analysis},
  journal = {International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {18-28},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijeee.20210602.11},
  abstract = {Corruption emerged as one of main socio-political and economic problems of the countries which lead fortitude of its governments. No doubt, corruption has major implications for the distribution of income and wealth in the country, for its leading to specific patterns of expenditure and investment which leads to the illegal generation of wealth and the black money economy. As a consequence, in this paper we analyzed those significant causes of corruption on which insufficient attention has been given and ignored to the social dimension of emerging economic issues, despite the fact that social and economic issues are interlinked. Pertaining to this, we provided strong evidence of the existence of a causal link of corruption by presenting exploratory scholarship estimates using in-depth interviews of our sample households as instruments in the ground level, and by showing that our explanatory factors are actual predictors of corruption. In contrast to the previous literature, we found strong evidence in favor of the theory that institutional amelioration on moral-economic basis reduces corruption. Hence there is a growing recognition about making different and essential approach theoretically on the subject of elucidation of corruption with the intention of social institutions in moral-economic dimension.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Corruption – Why and How; a Moral-Economic Analysis
AU  - Rezwanul Kabir
Y1  - 2021/04/20
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11
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JF  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JO  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
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AB  - Corruption emerged as one of main socio-political and economic problems of the countries which lead fortitude of its governments. No doubt, corruption has major implications for the distribution of income and wealth in the country, for its leading to specific patterns of expenditure and investment which leads to the illegal generation of wealth and the black money economy. As a consequence, in this paper we analyzed those significant causes of corruption on which insufficient attention has been given and ignored to the social dimension of emerging economic issues, despite the fact that social and economic issues are interlinked. Pertaining to this, we provided strong evidence of the existence of a causal link of corruption by presenting exploratory scholarship estimates using in-depth interviews of our sample households as instruments in the ground level, and by showing that our explanatory factors are actual predictors of corruption. In contrast to the previous literature, we found strong evidence in favor of the theory that institutional amelioration on moral-economic basis reduces corruption. Hence there is a growing recognition about making different and essential approach theoretically on the subject of elucidation of corruption with the intention of social institutions in moral-economic dimension.
VL  - 6
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Author Information

Rezwanul Kabir

School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China

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APA Style

Rezwanul Kabir. (2021). Corruption – Why and How; a Moral-Economic Analysis. International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment, 6(2), 18-28. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11

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ACS Style

Rezwanul Kabir. Corruption – Why and How; a Moral-Economic Analysis. Int. J. Econ. Energy Environ. 2021, 6(2), 18-28. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Rezwanul Kabir. Corruption – Why and How; a Moral-Economic Analysis. Int J Econ Energy Environ. 2021;6(2):18-28. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11,
  author = {Rezwanul Kabir},
  title = {Corruption – Why and How; a Moral-Economic Analysis},
  journal = {International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {18-28},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijeee.20210602.11},
  abstract = {Corruption emerged as one of main socio-political and economic problems of the countries which lead fortitude of its governments. No doubt, corruption has major implications for the distribution of income and wealth in the country, for its leading to specific patterns of expenditure and investment which leads to the illegal generation of wealth and the black money economy. As a consequence, in this paper we analyzed those significant causes of corruption on which insufficient attention has been given and ignored to the social dimension of emerging economic issues, despite the fact that social and economic issues are interlinked. Pertaining to this, we provided strong evidence of the existence of a causal link of corruption by presenting exploratory scholarship estimates using in-depth interviews of our sample households as instruments in the ground level, and by showing that our explanatory factors are actual predictors of corruption. In contrast to the previous literature, we found strong evidence in favor of the theory that institutional amelioration on moral-economic basis reduces corruption. Hence there is a growing recognition about making different and essential approach theoretically on the subject of elucidation of corruption with the intention of social institutions in moral-economic dimension.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Corruption – Why and How; a Moral-Economic Analysis
AU  - Rezwanul Kabir
Y1  - 2021/04/20
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11
T2  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JF  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JO  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
SP  - 18
EP  - 28
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5021
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20210602.11
AB  - Corruption emerged as one of main socio-political and economic problems of the countries which lead fortitude of its governments. No doubt, corruption has major implications for the distribution of income and wealth in the country, for its leading to specific patterns of expenditure and investment which leads to the illegal generation of wealth and the black money economy. As a consequence, in this paper we analyzed those significant causes of corruption on which insufficient attention has been given and ignored to the social dimension of emerging economic issues, despite the fact that social and economic issues are interlinked. Pertaining to this, we provided strong evidence of the existence of a causal link of corruption by presenting exploratory scholarship estimates using in-depth interviews of our sample households as instruments in the ground level, and by showing that our explanatory factors are actual predictors of corruption. In contrast to the previous literature, we found strong evidence in favor of the theory that institutional amelioration on moral-economic basis reduces corruption. Hence there is a growing recognition about making different and essential approach theoretically on the subject of elucidation of corruption with the intention of social institutions in moral-economic dimension.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download