CFD Simulation Studies for Vertical Temperature Profile, Pitch Optimisation and Parametric Study of Borehole Heat Exchanger

Shiv Lal; Subhash Chand Kaushik; Pradeep Kumar Bhargava

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11

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CFD Simulation Studies for Vertical Temperature Profile, Pitch Optimisation and Parametric Study of Borehole Heat Exchanger

Shiv Lal, Subhash Chand Kaushik, Pradeep Kumar Bhargava

Published in International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment (Volume 1, Issue 2)

Received: 23 July 2016 Accepted: 10 August 2016 Published: 6 September 2016

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Abstract

In this communication, simulation studies of a borehole heat exchanger are worked out through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. A two dimensional (k-ε) realizable turbulent model with standard wall function is used to evaluate the temperature variation along with depth of BHE, pitch optimization and to determine the effect of two dimensionless parameters as ratio of pitch to borehole diameter and ratio of borehole to pipe diameter. The predicted results are validated through experimental data; and statistical assessment shows a good agreement between simulated and experimental results. The tube air temperature is proportional to depth in cooling mode and BHE can decrease the temperature of air by 13-14°C when ambient temperature observed by 41°C. The optimised pitch for 8 inch borehole and 2 inch diameter U-tube is found to be 4 inch, however two U-tubes are recommended for enhanced performance. The effective borehole to tube diameter ratio is estimated by 4. The BHE system can be used for heating and cooling of buildings it is a feasible solution for sustainable development.

Published in	International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment (Volume 1, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11
Page(s)	16-23
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Borehole Heat Exchanger, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Optimization

References

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[2]	Kaushik, S.C.; Garg, T.; Lal, S. (2014); Thermal performance prediction and energy conservation potential of earth air tunnel heat exchanger for thermal comfort in India. Journal of renewable and sustainable energy, 6, pp. 013107 (1-12), DOI: 10.1063/1.4861782.
[3]	Sanner,B. (2001); Shallow geothermal energy; GHC Bulletin, pp.19-25.
[4]	Zeng,H.; Diao,N.; Fang, Z. (2003); Heat transfer analysis of borehole on vertical ground heat exchangers. International journal of heat and mass transfer;vol. 46, pp. 4467-4481, DOI: 10.1016/S0017-9310(03)00270-9.
[5]	Sagia, Z.; Stegou, A.; Rakopoulos, C. (2012); Borehole resistance and heat conduction around vertical ground heat exchanger; The open chemical engineering journal, vol. 6, pp. 32-40.
[6]	Beier, R.A.; Smith, M.D.; Spitler, J.D. (2011); Reference data sets for vertical borehole ground heat exchanger models and thermal response test analysis; Geothermics, vol. 40, pp. 79-85, DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2010.12.007.
[7]	Rees,S.J. and He, M. A. (2013); three-dimensional numerical model of borehole heat exchanger heat transfer and ﬂuid ﬂow; Geothermics, vol. 46, pp. 1-13, DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2012.10.004.
[8]	Sharqawy, M.H.;Mokheimer, E.M.;Badr, H.M. (2009);Effective pipe-to-borehole thermal resistance for vertical ground heat exchangers; Geothermics, vol. 38, pp. 271-277, DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2009.02.001.
[9]	Gu, Y.; O’Neal D.L. (1998); Development of an equivalent diameter expression for vertical U-tubes used in ground-coupled heat pumps; ASHRAE Transactions,vol. 104, pp. 347–355.
[10]	Remund, C.P. (1999); Borehole thermal resistance: laboratory and field studies; ASHRAE Transactions,vol. 105, pp. 439–445.
[11]	Shonder, J.A.; Beck J.V. (1999); Field test of a new method for determining soil formation thermal conductivity and borehole resistance; ASHRAE Transactions,vol. 106, pp. 843–850.
[12]	Gustafsson, A.M.; Westerlund, L. (2010); Simulation of the thermal borehole resistance in groundwater filled borehole heat exchanger using CFD; International journal of energy and environment,vol. 1(3), pp. 399-410
[13]	Bouhacina, B.; Saim, R.;Benzenine, H.; Oztop, H.F. (2013). Analysis of thermal and dynamic comportment of a geothermal vertical U-tube heat exchanger. Energy and buildings, vol. 58, pp. 37-43, DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.11.037.
[14]	Lee, C.K.; Lam, H.N. (2012); A modified multi-layer model for borehole ground heat exchangers with an inhomogeneous groundwater flow; Energy, vol. 47, pp. 378-387, DOI: 10.1016/j. energy.2012.09.056.
[15]	http://www.cfd-online.com/Wiki/Standard_k-epsilon_model, retrieved on December 10, 2013
[16]	Jalaluddin; Miyara, A.; Tsubaki, K.; Yoshida, F. (2011); Numerical simulation of vertical ground heat exchangers for ground source heat pumps;10 IEA heat pumps conference, pp.1-10

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APA Style

Shiv Lal, Subhash Chand Kaushik, Pradeep Kumar Bhargava. (2016). CFD Simulation Studies for Vertical Temperature Profile, Pitch Optimisation and Parametric Study of Borehole Heat Exchanger. International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment, 1(2), 16-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11

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ACS Style

Shiv Lal; Subhash Chand Kaushik; Pradeep Kumar Bhargava. CFD Simulation Studies for Vertical Temperature Profile, Pitch Optimisation and Parametric Study of Borehole Heat Exchanger. Int. J. Econ. Energy Environ. 2016, 1(2), 16-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11

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AMA Style

Shiv Lal, Subhash Chand Kaushik, Pradeep Kumar Bhargava. CFD Simulation Studies for Vertical Temperature Profile, Pitch Optimisation and Parametric Study of Borehole Heat Exchanger. Int J Econ Energy Environ. 2016;1(2):16-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11,
  author = {Shiv Lal and Subhash Chand Kaushik and Pradeep Kumar Bhargava},
  title = {CFD Simulation Studies for Vertical Temperature Profile, Pitch Optimisation and Parametric Study of Borehole Heat Exchanger},
  journal = {International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment},
  volume = {1},
  number = {2},
  pages = {16-23},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijeee.20160102.11},
  abstract = {In this communication, simulation studies of a borehole heat exchanger are worked out through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. A two dimensional (k-ε) realizable turbulent model with standard wall function is used to evaluate the temperature variation along with depth of BHE, pitch optimization and to determine the effect of two dimensionless parameters as ratio of pitch to borehole diameter and ratio of borehole to pipe diameter. The predicted results are validated through experimental data; and statistical assessment shows a good agreement between simulated and experimental results. The tube air temperature is proportional to depth in cooling mode and BHE can decrease the temperature of air by 13-14°C when ambient temperature observed by 41°C. The optimised pitch for 8 inch borehole and 2 inch diameter U-tube is found to be 4 inch, however two U-tubes are recommended for enhanced performance. The effective borehole to tube diameter ratio is estimated by 4. The BHE system can be used for heating and cooling of buildings it is a feasible solution for sustainable development.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - CFD Simulation Studies for Vertical Temperature Profile, Pitch Optimisation and Parametric Study of Borehole Heat Exchanger
AU  - Shiv Lal
AU  - Subhash Chand Kaushik
AU  - Pradeep Kumar Bhargava
Y1  - 2016/09/06
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11
T2  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JF  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JO  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
SP  - 16
EP  - 23
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5021
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11
AB  - In this communication, simulation studies of a borehole heat exchanger are worked out through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. A two dimensional (k-ε) realizable turbulent model with standard wall function is used to evaluate the temperature variation along with depth of BHE, pitch optimization and to determine the effect of two dimensionless parameters as ratio of pitch to borehole diameter and ratio of borehole to pipe diameter. The predicted results are validated through experimental data; and statistical assessment shows a good agreement between simulated and experimental results. The tube air temperature is proportional to depth in cooling mode and BHE can decrease the temperature of air by 13-14°C when ambient temperature observed by 41°C. The optimised pitch for 8 inch borehole and 2 inch diameter U-tube is found to be 4 inch, however two U-tubes are recommended for enhanced performance. The effective borehole to tube diameter ratio is estimated by 4. The BHE system can be used for heating and cooling of buildings it is a feasible solution for sustainable development.
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Shiv Lal

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajasthan Technical University Kota, India
Subhash Chand Kaushik

Central for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
Pradeep Kumar Bhargava

Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, India

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Shiv Lal, Subhash Chand Kaushik, Pradeep Kumar Bhargava. (2016). CFD Simulation Studies for Vertical Temperature Profile, Pitch Optimisation and Parametric Study of Borehole Heat Exchanger. International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment, 1(2), 16-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11

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ACS Style

Shiv Lal; Subhash Chand Kaushik; Pradeep Kumar Bhargava. CFD Simulation Studies for Vertical Temperature Profile, Pitch Optimisation and Parametric Study of Borehole Heat Exchanger. Int. J. Econ. Energy Environ. 2016, 1(2), 16-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11

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AMA Style

Shiv Lal, Subhash Chand Kaushik, Pradeep Kumar Bhargava. CFD Simulation Studies for Vertical Temperature Profile, Pitch Optimisation and Parametric Study of Borehole Heat Exchanger. Int J Econ Energy Environ. 2016;1(2):16-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11,
  author = {Shiv Lal and Subhash Chand Kaushik and Pradeep Kumar Bhargava},
  title = {CFD Simulation Studies for Vertical Temperature Profile, Pitch Optimisation and Parametric Study of Borehole Heat Exchanger},
  journal = {International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment},
  volume = {1},
  number = {2},
  pages = {16-23},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijeee.20160102.11},
  abstract = {In this communication, simulation studies of a borehole heat exchanger are worked out through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. A two dimensional (k-ε) realizable turbulent model with standard wall function is used to evaluate the temperature variation along with depth of BHE, pitch optimization and to determine the effect of two dimensionless parameters as ratio of pitch to borehole diameter and ratio of borehole to pipe diameter. The predicted results are validated through experimental data; and statistical assessment shows a good agreement between simulated and experimental results. The tube air temperature is proportional to depth in cooling mode and BHE can decrease the temperature of air by 13-14°C when ambient temperature observed by 41°C. The optimised pitch for 8 inch borehole and 2 inch diameter U-tube is found to be 4 inch, however two U-tubes are recommended for enhanced performance. The effective borehole to tube diameter ratio is estimated by 4. The BHE system can be used for heating and cooling of buildings it is a feasible solution for sustainable development.},
 year = {2016}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - CFD Simulation Studies for Vertical Temperature Profile, Pitch Optimisation and Parametric Study of Borehole Heat Exchanger
AU  - Shiv Lal
AU  - Subhash Chand Kaushik
AU  - Pradeep Kumar Bhargava
Y1  - 2016/09/06
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11
T2  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JF  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JO  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
SP  - 16
EP  - 23
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5021
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20160102.11
AB  - In this communication, simulation studies of a borehole heat exchanger are worked out through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. A two dimensional (k-ε) realizable turbulent model with standard wall function is used to evaluate the temperature variation along with depth of BHE, pitch optimization and to determine the effect of two dimensionless parameters as ratio of pitch to borehole diameter and ratio of borehole to pipe diameter. The predicted results are validated through experimental data; and statistical assessment shows a good agreement between simulated and experimental results. The tube air temperature is proportional to depth in cooling mode and BHE can decrease the temperature of air by 13-14°C when ambient temperature observed by 41°C. The optimised pitch for 8 inch borehole and 2 inch diameter U-tube is found to be 4 inch, however two U-tubes are recommended for enhanced performance. The effective borehole to tube diameter ratio is estimated by 4. The BHE system can be used for heating and cooling of buildings it is a feasible solution for sustainable development.
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
ER  -

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