Modelling the Sex – Specific Prevalence of Cancer Types in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provincial Hospitals in South Africa

Wezile Chitha; John Sungwacha Nasila; Zukiswa Jafta; Buyiswa Swartbooi; Siyabonga Sibulawa; Onke Mnyaka; Natasha Williams; Longo-Mbenza Benjamin

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12

Modelling the Sex – Specific Prevalence of Cancer Types in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provincial Hospitals in South Africa

Wezile Chitha, John Sungwacha Nasila, Zukiswa Jafta, Buyiswa Swartbooi, Siyabonga Sibulawa, Onke Mnyaka, Natasha Williams, Longo-Mbenza Benjamin

Published in International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research (Volume 6, Issue 2)

Received: 24 February 2021 Accepted: 6 April 2021 Published: 26 April 2021

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Abstract

Cancer has been identified to be a major community health issue of concern to many societies. This is of particular interest when it comes to the developing South Africa. The epidemiology of cancer cases has been made known, though still under study. This research intended to understand the prevalence of different cancers and suggest preventive measures to reduce the burden of the disease and furthermore, reduce the effect of destruction to those affected in good time. The methods for data collection and overall treatment classified the study to be a cross-sectional study whose data were collected by use of a questionnaire. The questionnaire focused on variables such as counts of breast cancer, cervix cancer counts, oesophageal cancer counts and counts of other types of cancer. The analysis was analysed by use of descriptive and inferential analyses. Outcomes were well tabulated and interpreted. The results were obtained by the application of a number of methods, which were used to perform the analysis for this study. The methods were: descriptive analysis, T-test comparisons and some were complemented by error bar plots and box-plots. The following were some of the observed results for the indicated variables: Breast Cancer: Mean (201.4545), Std Dev (18.62452), 95% Ci (164.21, 238.70); Kaposi Sarcoma: Mean (29.4167), Std Dev (6.76163), 95% Ci (15.89, 42.94); Prostate Cancer: Mean (7.7500), Std Dev (.71217), 95% Ci (-1.67, 17.17); Lung Cancer: Mean (6.9167), Std Dev (.67848), 95% Ci (1.56, 12.27); Choriocarcinoma: Mean (5.3333), Std Dev (2.77434), 95% Ci (-0.22, 0.88). It is quite fitting to understand that this research as a revelation of the establishment of some very important outcomes. Of great significance, was the discovery that breast cancer among women continued to destroy the female gender in the communities where the data were collected. Results further show that cervix cancer is another cancer on the rise with a higher prevalence rate in the stated communities.

Published in	International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12
Page(s)	56-68
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Statistic, Women, Epidemiology, Quantitative Analysis, Prevalence

References

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APA Style

Wezile Chitha, John Sungwacha Nasila, Zukiswa Jafta, Buyiswa Swartbooi, Siyabonga Sibulawa, et al. (2021). Modelling the Sex – Specific Prevalence of Cancer Types in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provincial Hospitals in South Africa. International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research, 6(2), 56-68. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12

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ACS Style

Wezile Chitha; John Sungwacha Nasila; Zukiswa Jafta; Buyiswa Swartbooi; Siyabonga Sibulawa, et al. Modelling the Sex – Specific Prevalence of Cancer Types in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provincial Hospitals in South Africa. Int. J. Clin. Oncol. Cancer Res. 2021, 6(2), 56-68. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12

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AMA Style

Wezile Chitha, John Sungwacha Nasila, Zukiswa Jafta, Buyiswa Swartbooi, Siyabonga Sibulawa, et al. Modelling the Sex – Specific Prevalence of Cancer Types in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provincial Hospitals in South Africa. Int J Clin Oncol Cancer Res. 2021;6(2):56-68. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12,
  author = {Wezile Chitha and John Sungwacha Nasila and Zukiswa Jafta and Buyiswa Swartbooi and Siyabonga Sibulawa and Onke Mnyaka and Natasha Williams and Longo-Mbenza Benjamin},
  title = {Modelling the Sex – Specific Prevalence of Cancer Types in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provincial Hospitals in South Africa},
  journal = {International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {56-68},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcocr.20210602.12},
  abstract = {Cancer has been identified to be a major community health issue of concern to many societies. This is of particular interest when it comes to the developing South Africa. The epidemiology of cancer cases has been made known, though still under study. This research intended to understand the prevalence of different cancers and suggest preventive measures to reduce the burden of the disease and furthermore, reduce the effect of destruction to those affected in good time. The methods for data collection and overall treatment classified the study to be a cross-sectional study whose data were collected by use of a questionnaire. The questionnaire focused on variables such as counts of breast cancer, cervix cancer counts, oesophageal cancer counts and counts of other types of cancer. The analysis was analysed by use of descriptive and inferential analyses. Outcomes were well tabulated and interpreted. The results were obtained by the application of a number of methods, which were used to perform the analysis for this study. The methods were: descriptive analysis, T-test comparisons and some were complemented by error bar plots and box-plots. The following were some of the observed results for the indicated variables: Breast Cancer: Mean (201.4545), Std Dev (18.62452), 95% Ci (164.21, 238.70); Kaposi Sarcoma: Mean (29.4167), Std Dev (6.76163), 95% Ci (15.89, 42.94); Prostate Cancer: Mean (7.7500), Std Dev (.71217), 95% Ci (-1.67, 17.17); Lung Cancer: Mean (6.9167), Std Dev (.67848), 95% Ci (1.56, 12.27); Choriocarcinoma: Mean (5.3333), Std Dev (2.77434), 95% Ci (-0.22, 0.88). It is quite fitting to understand that this research as a revelation of the establishment of some very important outcomes. Of great significance, was the discovery that breast cancer among women continued to destroy the female gender in the communities where the data were collected. Results further show that cervix cancer is another cancer on the rise with a higher prevalence rate in the stated communities.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modelling the Sex – Specific Prevalence of Cancer Types in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provincial Hospitals in South Africa
AU  - Wezile Chitha
AU  - John Sungwacha Nasila
AU  - Zukiswa Jafta
AU  - Buyiswa Swartbooi
AU  - Siyabonga Sibulawa
AU  - Onke Mnyaka
AU  - Natasha Williams
AU  - Longo-Mbenza Benjamin
Y1  - 2021/04/26
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12
T2  - International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research
JF  - International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research
JO  - International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research
SP  - 56
EP  - 68
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9511
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12
AB  - Cancer has been identified to be a major community health issue of concern to many societies. This is of particular interest when it comes to the developing South Africa. The epidemiology of cancer cases has been made known, though still under study. This research intended to understand the prevalence of different cancers and suggest preventive measures to reduce the burden of the disease and furthermore, reduce the effect of destruction to those affected in good time. The methods for data collection and overall treatment classified the study to be a cross-sectional study whose data were collected by use of a questionnaire. The questionnaire focused on variables such as counts of breast cancer, cervix cancer counts, oesophageal cancer counts and counts of other types of cancer. The analysis was analysed by use of descriptive and inferential analyses. Outcomes were well tabulated and interpreted. The results were obtained by the application of a number of methods, which were used to perform the analysis for this study. The methods were: descriptive analysis, T-test comparisons and some were complemented by error bar plots and box-plots. The following were some of the observed results for the indicated variables: Breast Cancer: Mean (201.4545), Std Dev (18.62452), 95% Ci (164.21, 238.70); Kaposi Sarcoma: Mean (29.4167), Std Dev (6.76163), 95% Ci (15.89, 42.94); Prostate Cancer: Mean (7.7500), Std Dev (.71217), 95% Ci (-1.67, 17.17); Lung Cancer: Mean (6.9167), Std Dev (.67848), 95% Ci (1.56, 12.27); Choriocarcinoma: Mean (5.3333), Std Dev (2.77434), 95% Ci (-0.22, 0.88). It is quite fitting to understand that this research as a revelation of the establishment of some very important outcomes. Of great significance, was the discovery that breast cancer among women continued to destroy the female gender in the communities where the data were collected. Results further show that cervix cancer is another cancer on the rise with a higher prevalence rate in the stated communities.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Wezile Chitha

Wits Health Consortium, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
John Sungwacha Nasila

Department of Statistics, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
Zukiswa Jafta

Wits Health Consortium, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Buyiswa Swartbooi

Wits Health Consortium, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Siyabonga Sibulawa

Wits Health Consortium, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Onke Mnyaka

Wits Health Consortium, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Natasha Williams

Wits Health Consortium, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Longo-Mbenza Benjamin

Wits Health Consortium, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Wezile Chitha, John Sungwacha Nasila, Zukiswa Jafta, Buyiswa Swartbooi, Siyabonga Sibulawa, et al. (2021). Modelling the Sex – Specific Prevalence of Cancer Types in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provincial Hospitals in South Africa. International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research, 6(2), 56-68. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12

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ACS Style

Wezile Chitha; John Sungwacha Nasila; Zukiswa Jafta; Buyiswa Swartbooi; Siyabonga Sibulawa, et al. Modelling the Sex – Specific Prevalence of Cancer Types in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provincial Hospitals in South Africa. Int. J. Clin. Oncol. Cancer Res. 2021, 6(2), 56-68. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12

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AMA Style

Wezile Chitha, John Sungwacha Nasila, Zukiswa Jafta, Buyiswa Swartbooi, Siyabonga Sibulawa, et al. Modelling the Sex – Specific Prevalence of Cancer Types in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provincial Hospitals in South Africa. Int J Clin Oncol Cancer Res. 2021;6(2):56-68. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12,
  author = {Wezile Chitha and John Sungwacha Nasila and Zukiswa Jafta and Buyiswa Swartbooi and Siyabonga Sibulawa and Onke Mnyaka and Natasha Williams and Longo-Mbenza Benjamin},
  title = {Modelling the Sex – Specific Prevalence of Cancer Types in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provincial Hospitals in South Africa},
  journal = {International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {56-68},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcocr.20210602.12},
  abstract = {Cancer has been identified to be a major community health issue of concern to many societies. This is of particular interest when it comes to the developing South Africa. The epidemiology of cancer cases has been made known, though still under study. This research intended to understand the prevalence of different cancers and suggest preventive measures to reduce the burden of the disease and furthermore, reduce the effect of destruction to those affected in good time. The methods for data collection and overall treatment classified the study to be a cross-sectional study whose data were collected by use of a questionnaire. The questionnaire focused on variables such as counts of breast cancer, cervix cancer counts, oesophageal cancer counts and counts of other types of cancer. The analysis was analysed by use of descriptive and inferential analyses. Outcomes were well tabulated and interpreted. The results were obtained by the application of a number of methods, which were used to perform the analysis for this study. The methods were: descriptive analysis, T-test comparisons and some were complemented by error bar plots and box-plots. The following were some of the observed results for the indicated variables: Breast Cancer: Mean (201.4545), Std Dev (18.62452), 95% Ci (164.21, 238.70); Kaposi Sarcoma: Mean (29.4167), Std Dev (6.76163), 95% Ci (15.89, 42.94); Prostate Cancer: Mean (7.7500), Std Dev (.71217), 95% Ci (-1.67, 17.17); Lung Cancer: Mean (6.9167), Std Dev (.67848), 95% Ci (1.56, 12.27); Choriocarcinoma: Mean (5.3333), Std Dev (2.77434), 95% Ci (-0.22, 0.88). It is quite fitting to understand that this research as a revelation of the establishment of some very important outcomes. Of great significance, was the discovery that breast cancer among women continued to destroy the female gender in the communities where the data were collected. Results further show that cervix cancer is another cancer on the rise with a higher prevalence rate in the stated communities.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modelling the Sex – Specific Prevalence of Cancer Types in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provincial Hospitals in South Africa
AU  - Wezile Chitha
AU  - John Sungwacha Nasila
AU  - Zukiswa Jafta
AU  - Buyiswa Swartbooi
AU  - Siyabonga Sibulawa
AU  - Onke Mnyaka
AU  - Natasha Williams
AU  - Longo-Mbenza Benjamin
Y1  - 2021/04/26
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12
T2  - International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research
JF  - International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research
JO  - International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research
SP  - 56
EP  - 68
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9511
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210602.12
AB  - Cancer has been identified to be a major community health issue of concern to many societies. This is of particular interest when it comes to the developing South Africa. The epidemiology of cancer cases has been made known, though still under study. This research intended to understand the prevalence of different cancers and suggest preventive measures to reduce the burden of the disease and furthermore, reduce the effect of destruction to those affected in good time. The methods for data collection and overall treatment classified the study to be a cross-sectional study whose data were collected by use of a questionnaire. The questionnaire focused on variables such as counts of breast cancer, cervix cancer counts, oesophageal cancer counts and counts of other types of cancer. The analysis was analysed by use of descriptive and inferential analyses. Outcomes were well tabulated and interpreted. The results were obtained by the application of a number of methods, which were used to perform the analysis for this study. The methods were: descriptive analysis, T-test comparisons and some were complemented by error bar plots and box-plots. The following were some of the observed results for the indicated variables: Breast Cancer: Mean (201.4545), Std Dev (18.62452), 95% Ci (164.21, 238.70); Kaposi Sarcoma: Mean (29.4167), Std Dev (6.76163), 95% Ci (15.89, 42.94); Prostate Cancer: Mean (7.7500), Std Dev (.71217), 95% Ci (-1.67, 17.17); Lung Cancer: Mean (6.9167), Std Dev (.67848), 95% Ci (1.56, 12.27); Choriocarcinoma: Mean (5.3333), Std Dev (2.77434), 95% Ci (-0.22, 0.88). It is quite fitting to understand that this research as a revelation of the establishment of some very important outcomes. Of great significance, was the discovery that breast cancer among women continued to destroy the female gender in the communities where the data were collected. Results further show that cervix cancer is another cancer on the rise with a higher prevalence rate in the stated communities.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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