Prevalence and Intensity of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis Among School Age Children in Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon

Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo; Vincent Khan Payne

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13

| Peer-Reviewed

Prevalence and Intensity of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis Among School Age Children in Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon

Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo, Vincent Khan Payne

Published in International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science (Volume 3, Issue 6)

Received: 27 February 2017 Accepted: 24 March 2017 Published: 11 November 2017

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Gastro-intestinal helminthiasis is an infection which affects at least one person in two in the world and mainly school age children. Our study was conducted with the objective of determining the prevalence and intensity of these infections among pupils in Nkondjock Sub-Division. So, 417 faecal specimens randomly collected from 185 (44.3%) boys and 232 (55.6%) girls were examined, following physical flotation method (Willis’s technique) for qualitative analysis and the numeration method (Stoll’s method) for quantitative analysis. An overall prevalence of 24.5% was observed in the entire population. Three species of gastro-intestinal helminths were identified, principally geohelminths (STH) such as Ascaris lumbricoides (12.0% and 975.00 ± 643.35 epg) which was the most common, followed by Hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus) (9.4% and 970.59 ± 578.81 epg) and lastly Trichuris trichiura (4.1% and 833.33 ± 452.82 epg). Multiple helminthic infection were recorded with Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichuris trichiura (0.50%) having the highest prevalence among the children. Gastro-Intestinal helminths were most predominant among children aged 16-20 years (44.2%) than those within age group 11-15 years (17.1%). Boys were more infected (27.0%) than girls (24.2%) without a difference statistically significant. This study shows that the prevalence of infection may not be influenced by age and sex and, education of the population on hygienic habits and periodic deworming programme should be done routinely as this would reduce prevalence and intensity of intestinal worm infection among school children.

Published in	International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13
Page(s)	85-89
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Prevalence, Intensity, Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis, School-Age Children, Geohelminths, Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon

References

[1]	Adefioye Olusegun, Efunshile Akinwale, Ojurongbe Olusola, Akindele Akeem, Adewuyi Isaac, Bolaji Oloyede, Adedokun Samuel et Adeyeba Adegboyega, 2011. Intestinal Helminthiasis among School Children in Ilie, Osun State, Southwest, Nigeria. Sierra Leone Journal of Biomedical Research. Vol. 3 (1). 36-42.
[2]	Albonico M, Crompton D W et Savioli L, 1999. Control strategies for human intestinal nematodes infections. Adv Parasitol; 42: 277-341.
[3]	Andrade C, Alava T, De Palacio, Del Poggio, Jamoletti C, Gulletta M et Montresor A, 2001. Prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminthiasis in the city of Portoviejo (Ecuador). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Vol: 96, Issue: 8, 1075-1079.
[4]	Barbier J C, 1972. Opération de développement et Histoire des Populations.
[5]	Barnabas Banji, Mann Abdullahi, Nma Etsu-Musa, Obi Pauline et Ezeako Augustine, 2011. Prevalence of Schistosomiasis and Other Intestinal Helminth Parasites among School Children in Bida, Niger State, Nigeria. European Journal of Scientific Research Vol. 48 No. 4. 621-626.
[6]	Belizario V, Amarillo E, et Mataverde P, 2006. School-based Control of Intestinal Helminthiasis: Parasitologic Assessment and Monitoring. Philippine Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Vol. 35 No. 3.
[7]	Benzerroug Bouda, 2005. Enquête sur la prévalence des parasitoses intestinales dans les écoles et les jardins d’enfants au Cap Vert.
[8]	Beugnet F, Polack B et Dang H, 2004. Atlas de coproscopie. Techniques de coproscopie. Clichy: Ed. Kalianxis. pp 5-15.
[9]	Brooker Simon, Christl A, Donnelly, Helen L et Guyatt, 2000. Estimating the number of helminthic infections in the republic of Cameroon from data on infection prevalence in schoolchildren. Bull World Health Organ vol. 78 no. 12 Genebra 2000.
[10]	De Silva N R, Brooker S, Hotez P J, Montresor A et Engels D, 2003. Soil-transmitted helminth infections.
[11]	Deuyo F O, 1997. Prévalence de certains nématodes gastro-intestinaux dans la population scolaire de la ville de Dschang. Mémoire rédigé et présenté en vue de l’obtention du diplôme de Master of Science en biologie animale, Université de Dschang, Cameroun.
[12]	Dupouy-Camet, 2010. Helminthoses parasitaires et santé publique. Service de Parasitologie Université Paris Descartes Hôpital Cochin CNR des Trichinella pp 1-6.
[13]	Egwunyenga, Andy O, Ataikiru et Palmer, 2005. Soil-transmitted helminthiasis among school age children in Ethiope East Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 4 (9). 938-941.
[14]	Emana Daniel, Kalid Jemal, Mitiku Bajiro et Zeleke Mekonnen, 2015. Prevalence and Intensity of Soil-Transmitted Helminths Among School-Aged Children in Sigmo Primary School, Jimma Zone, South-Western Ethiopia. Clinical Medicine Research. Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 98-103.
[15]	Hendrix C M, 1998. Diagnostic veterinary parasitology (2nd edition). Mosby inc (Ed), Saint-Louis, 321 P.
[16]	Hotez P J, Molyneux D H, Fenwick A, Kumaresan J et Sachs S E 2007. Control of neglected tropical diseases.
[17]	Kattula Deepthi, Rajiv Sarkar, Sitara Swarna Rao Ajjampur, Shantidani Minz, Bruno Levecke, Jayaprakash Muliyil et Gagandeep Kang, 2014. Prevalence and risk factors for soil transmitted helminth infection among school children in south India. Indian J Med Res 139, pp 76-82.
[18]	Mokua D O, Shivairo R S et Muleke C I, 2015. Soil transmitted helminths, prevalence, intensity, socio-economic And health education impact among preschool age children in Elburgon municipality, kenya. African Journal of Science and Research, (4) 4: 14-18.
[19]	Nkengazong L, Njiokou F, Wanji S, Teukeng F, Enyong P et Asonganyi T, 2010. Prevalence of soil transmitted helminths and impact of Albendazole on parasitic indices in Kotto Barombi and Marumba II villages (South-West Cameroon). African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Vol. 4 (3). 115-121.
[20]	Odinaka Kelechi Kenneth, Emeka Charles Nwolisa, Francis Mbanefo, Alfreda Chinekwu Iheakaram et Seline Okolo, 2015. Prevalence and Pattern of Soil-Transmitted Helminthic Infection among Primary School Children in a Rural Community in Imo State, Nigeria. Journal of Tropical Medicine.
[21]	Odu N N, Okonkwo I O et Erhi O, 2011. Study of Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs): Gastro-Intestinal Helminthes among school children in Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Report and Opinion. 3 (9): 6-16.
[22]	Ojurongbe O, Oyesiji K F, Ojo J A, Odewale G, Adefioye O A, Olowe A O, Opaleye O O, Bolaji O S et Ojurongbe T A, 2014. Soil transmitted helminth infections among primary school children in Ile-Ife Southwest, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study. International Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences. Vol. 2 (1), pp. 6-10.
[23]	Okonkwo I O, Odu N N et Erhi O, 2011. Study of Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs): Gastro-Intestinal Helminthes among school children in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Report and Opinion. 3 (9): 6-16.
[24]	OMS, 1991. Parasitologie médicale: techniques de base pour le laboratoire.
[25]	Phuong H Nguyen, Khan C Nguyen, Toan D Nguyen, Mai B Le, Caryn Bern, Rafael Flores et Raynaldo Martorell, 2006. Intestinal helminth infections among reproductive age women in Vietnam: prevalence, co-infection and risk factors. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health.
[26]	Pierre Malongté, 2001. Regard sur le Département du Nkam paru aux éditions 2N2E.
[27]	Ragunathan L, Kalivaradhan S K, Ramadass S, Nagaraj M et Ramesh K, 2008. Helminthic Infections in School Children in Puducherry, South India. Taiwan Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, 228-232.
[28]	Rouamba E, Menan E I, Ouhon J, Nebavi N G, Adjetey T A, Barro-kiki P C, Penali K L et Kone M, 1997. Helminthiases intestinales: résultats de cinq années de coprologie parasitaires à l’institut Pasteur de Cocody (Abidjan – Côte d’Ivoire). Médecine d'Afrique Noire: 1997, 44 (7).
[29]	Saboya´ M I, Catala´ L, Nicholls R S et Ault S K, 2013. Update on the Mapping of Prevalence and Intensity of Infection for Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Call for Action. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7 (9).
[30]	Seleshi Kebede, Alemeshet Yami et Yoseph Mamo, 2011. Prevalence and Predictors of Intestinal Helminthiasis among School Children in Jimma Zone. Ethiop J Health Sci. 21 (3): pp 167–174.
[31]	Shumbej T, Belay T, Mekonnen Z, Tefera T et Zemene E, 2015. Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Associated Factors among Pre-School Children in Butajira Town, South-Central Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.
[32]	Susan E A, 1998. The Merck Veterinary Manual (8^th Edition), White House Stat. N J Merck and co, inc., pp 1050-1300.
[33]	Tandukar S, Sherchan J B, Thapa P, Malla D, Bhandari D, Rajani Ghaju et Jeevan B Sherchand, 2015. Intestinal Parasite Infection among School Going Children in Kathmandu Valley. Austin J Pediatr. 2 (2): 1022.
[34]	Tasew Fikresilasie Samuel, 2015. Status of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection in Ethiopia. American Journal of Health Research. Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 170-176.
[35]	Tchuente T, Rebollo M, Perea C, Polentinos E, Bueno A et Sobron B, 2011. Prevalence of soil transmitted helminthiasis on school age children in south Cameroon. Tropical Medicine and International Health. Volume: 16, pp 223.
[36]	Thienpont D, Rochette F et Vanparijs O F, 2003. Diagnostic de verminose par examen coprologique. Janssen Animal Health.
[37]	WHO, 2015. Soil transmitted helminth infections. Fact sheet N°366.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo, Vincent Khan Payne. (2017). Prevalence and Intensity of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis Among School Age Children in Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon. International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science, 3(6), 85-89. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo; Vincent Khan Payne. Prevalence and Intensity of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis Among School Age Children in Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon. Int. J. Biomed. Eng. Clin. Sci. 2017, 3(6), 85-89. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo, Vincent Khan Payne. Prevalence and Intensity of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis Among School Age Children in Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon. Int J Biomed Eng Clin Sci. 2017;3(6):85-89. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13,
  author = {Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo and Vincent Khan Payne},
  title = {Prevalence and Intensity of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis Among School Age Children in Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon},
  journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {85-89},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbecs.20170306.13},
  abstract = {Gastro-intestinal helminthiasis is an infection which affects at least one person in two in the world and mainly school age children. Our study was conducted with the objective of determining the prevalence and intensity of these infections among pupils in Nkondjock Sub-Division. So, 417 faecal specimens randomly collected from 185 (44.3%) boys and 232 (55.6%) girls were examined, following physical flotation method (Willis’s technique) for qualitative analysis and the numeration method (Stoll’s method) for quantitative analysis. An overall prevalence of 24.5% was observed in the entire population. Three species of gastro-intestinal helminths were identified, principally geohelminths (STH) such as Ascaris lumbricoides (12.0% and 975.00 ± 643.35 epg) which was the most common, followed by Hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus) (9.4% and 970.59 ± 578.81 epg) and lastly Trichuris trichiura (4.1% and 833.33 ± 452.82 epg). Multiple helminthic infection were recorded with Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichuris trichiura (0.50%) having the highest prevalence among the children. Gastro-Intestinal helminths were most predominant among children aged 16-20 years (44.2%) than those within age group 11-15 years (17.1%). Boys were more infected (27.0%) than girls (24.2%) without a difference statistically significant. This study shows that the prevalence of infection may not be influenced by age and sex and, education of the population on hygienic habits and periodic deworming programme should be done routinely as this would reduce prevalence and intensity of intestinal worm infection among school children.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prevalence and Intensity of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis Among School Age Children in Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon
AU  - Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo
AU  - Vincent Khan Payne
Y1  - 2017/11/11
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13
T2  - International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science
JF  - International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science
JO  - International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science
SP  - 85
EP  - 89
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-1301
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13
AB  - Gastro-intestinal helminthiasis is an infection which affects at least one person in two in the world and mainly school age children. Our study was conducted with the objective of determining the prevalence and intensity of these infections among pupils in Nkondjock Sub-Division. So, 417 faecal specimens randomly collected from 185 (44.3%) boys and 232 (55.6%) girls were examined, following physical flotation method (Willis’s technique) for qualitative analysis and the numeration method (Stoll’s method) for quantitative analysis. An overall prevalence of 24.5% was observed in the entire population. Three species of gastro-intestinal helminths were identified, principally geohelminths (STH) such as Ascaris lumbricoides (12.0% and 975.00 ± 643.35 epg) which was the most common, followed by Hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus) (9.4% and 970.59 ± 578.81 epg) and lastly Trichuris trichiura (4.1% and 833.33 ± 452.82 epg). Multiple helminthic infection were recorded with Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichuris trichiura (0.50%) having the highest prevalence among the children. Gastro-Intestinal helminths were most predominant among children aged 16-20 years (44.2%) than those within age group 11-15 years (17.1%). Boys were more infected (27.0%) than girls (24.2%) without a difference statistically significant. This study shows that the prevalence of infection may not be influenced by age and sex and, education of the population on hygienic habits and periodic deworming programme should be done routinely as this would reduce prevalence and intensity of intestinal worm infection among school children.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo

Laboratory of Biology and Applied Ecology, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
Vincent Khan Payne

Laboratory of Biology and Applied Ecology, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo, Vincent Khan Payne. (2017). Prevalence and Intensity of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis Among School Age Children in Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon. International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science, 3(6), 85-89. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo; Vincent Khan Payne. Prevalence and Intensity of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis Among School Age Children in Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon. Int. J. Biomed. Eng. Clin. Sci. 2017, 3(6), 85-89. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo, Vincent Khan Payne. Prevalence and Intensity of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis Among School Age Children in Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon. Int J Biomed Eng Clin Sci. 2017;3(6):85-89. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13,
  author = {Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo and Vincent Khan Payne},
  title = {Prevalence and Intensity of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis Among School Age Children in Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon},
  journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {85-89},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbecs.20170306.13},
  abstract = {Gastro-intestinal helminthiasis is an infection which affects at least one person in two in the world and mainly school age children. Our study was conducted with the objective of determining the prevalence and intensity of these infections among pupils in Nkondjock Sub-Division. So, 417 faecal specimens randomly collected from 185 (44.3%) boys and 232 (55.6%) girls were examined, following physical flotation method (Willis’s technique) for qualitative analysis and the numeration method (Stoll’s method) for quantitative analysis. An overall prevalence of 24.5% was observed in the entire population. Three species of gastro-intestinal helminths were identified, principally geohelminths (STH) such as Ascaris lumbricoides (12.0% and 975.00 ± 643.35 epg) which was the most common, followed by Hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus) (9.4% and 970.59 ± 578.81 epg) and lastly Trichuris trichiura (4.1% and 833.33 ± 452.82 epg). Multiple helminthic infection were recorded with Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichuris trichiura (0.50%) having the highest prevalence among the children. Gastro-Intestinal helminths were most predominant among children aged 16-20 years (44.2%) than those within age group 11-15 years (17.1%). Boys were more infected (27.0%) than girls (24.2%) without a difference statistically significant. This study shows that the prevalence of infection may not be influenced by age and sex and, education of the population on hygienic habits and periodic deworming programme should be done routinely as this would reduce prevalence and intensity of intestinal worm infection among school children.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prevalence and Intensity of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthiasis Among School Age Children in Nkondjock, Littoral-Cameroon
AU  - Ngangnang Ghislain Roméo
AU  - Vincent Khan Payne
Y1  - 2017/11/11
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13
T2  - International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science
JF  - International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science
JO  - International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science
SP  - 85
EP  - 89
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-1301
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbecs.20170306.13
AB  - Gastro-intestinal helminthiasis is an infection which affects at least one person in two in the world and mainly school age children. Our study was conducted with the objective of determining the prevalence and intensity of these infections among pupils in Nkondjock Sub-Division. So, 417 faecal specimens randomly collected from 185 (44.3%) boys and 232 (55.6%) girls were examined, following physical flotation method (Willis’s technique) for qualitative analysis and the numeration method (Stoll’s method) for quantitative analysis. An overall prevalence of 24.5% was observed in the entire population. Three species of gastro-intestinal helminths were identified, principally geohelminths (STH) such as Ascaris lumbricoides (12.0% and 975.00 ± 643.35 epg) which was the most common, followed by Hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus) (9.4% and 970.59 ± 578.81 epg) and lastly Trichuris trichiura (4.1% and 833.33 ± 452.82 epg). Multiple helminthic infection were recorded with Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichuris trichiura (0.50%) having the highest prevalence among the children. Gastro-Intestinal helminths were most predominant among children aged 16-20 years (44.2%) than those within age group 11-15 years (17.1%). Boys were more infected (27.0%) than girls (24.2%) without a difference statistically significant. This study shows that the prevalence of infection may not be influenced by age and sex and, education of the population on hygienic habits and periodic deworming programme should be done routinely as this would reduce prevalence and intensity of intestinal worm infection among school children.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download