The Effect of Tetracaine Gel in Male Patients with Indwelling Catheterization on Agitation and Urethral Irritation During Recovery from General Anesthesia

Luo Xiaoting; Fu Huan; Li Shengnan; Wei Yao; Liang Yu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11

| Peer-Reviewed

The Effect of Tetracaine Gel in Male Patients with Indwelling Catheterization on Agitation and Urethral Irritation During Recovery from General Anesthesia

Luo Xiaoting, Fu Huan, Li Shengnan, Wei Yao, Liang Yu

Published in International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine (Volume 11, Issue 2)

Received: 29 June 2023 Accepted: 13 July 2023 Published: 24 July 2023

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Objective: To observe the effect of tetracaine mucilage applied to male patients with indwelling urinary catheter on agitation and urethral irritation during recovery from general anesthesia. Methods: A total of 60 male patients who were scheduled to undergo thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer under general anesthesia in our hospital from January 2022 to May 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the random number table method, 30 cases/group. Control group: lubricate the anterior end of the catheter and urethral mucosa with liquid paraffin oil after general anesthesia double-lumen bronchial intubation; experimental group: use 1-2 g tetracaine gel to fully lubricate the anterior end of the catheter and urethral mucosa, and then the two groups All patients underwent conventional catheterization. The Ricker sedation-agitation score (SAS) scale was used to evaluate the agitation of the two groups of patients during the recovery period, and the degree of urethral stimulation in the two groups of patients during the recovery period was also recorded. Results: Compared with the control group, the incidence of agitation during recovery and the degree of urethral irritation in the experimental group were significantly reduced, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Tetracaine gel applied to male patients with indwelling catheter after general anesthesia can significantly reduce agitation and urethral irritation during recovery from general anesthesia.

Published in	International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine (Volume 11, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11
Page(s)	62-65
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Tetracaine, General Anesthesia, Indwelling Catheter, Nursing

References

[1]	Schneider K. Klinische Psychopathologie. 8. Aufl. Thieme, Stuttgart 1962.
[2]	Janzarik W.: “Dynamische Grundkonstellationen in endogenen Psychosen”. Springer, Berlin, 1959.
[3]	Kraepelin E. Psychiatrie. Ein Lehrbuch für Studierende und Ärzte. 4 Aufl. Abel, Leipzig.
[4]	Janzarik W.: “Die Krise der Psychopathologie”. Nervenarzt, 47, 73-80, 1976.
[5]	Gross G, Huber G. Die idiopathischen Psychosyndrome in der Sicht Werner Janzariks [Idiopathic psychosyndromes in the sight of Werner Janzarik]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2004 Oct; 72 Suppl 1: S7-13.
[6]	Berner P. Strukturdynamik und Vulnerabilitätsmodelle [Structural dynamics and vulnerability models]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2004 Oct; 72 Suppl 1: S3-6.
[7]	Janzarik W.: “Basic dynamic states in endogenous psychoses, with special reference to the pharmacotherapy of depressive states”. McGill University Conference on Depression and Allied States, 1958.
[8]	Mundt C. The life and work of Professor Werner Janzarik. History of Psychiatry. 1992; 3 (9): 1-3.
[9]	Tellenbach H.: “Melancholie. Zur Problemgeschichte, Typologie, Pathogenese und Klinik. Mit einem Geleitwort von V. E. von Gebsattel”. Berlin, Göttingen, Heidelberg, Springer, 1961 (tr. it. “Melancolia: storia del problema, endogenicità, tipologia, patogenesi, clinica”, Il pensiero scientifico, Roma, 2015).
[10]	Ey H.: H. Jackson’s principles and the organodynamic concept of psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry. 1962; 118: 706-14.
[11]	Jaspers K. Allgemeine Psychopathologie. 1. Aufl. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1913.
[12]	Bonhoeffer K. Zur Frage der Klassifikation der symptomatischen Psychosen. Berlin, August Hirschwald (1908).
[13]	Popper E. Der schizophrene Reaktionstypus. Zschr. Neuro. 1920; 62: 194.
[14]	Janzarik, W. Der strukturdynamische Ansatz. Psychopathologische Herkunft und menschenkundliche Perspektive. Nervenarzt. 2007; 78: 1296-1302.
[15]	Kraepelin, E. Die erscheinungsformen des Irreseins. Z. f. d. g. Neur. u. Psych. 62, 1–29 (1920).
[16]	Ey, H., Bernard, P., Brisset, C. Manuel de psychiatrie. Paris, Masson (1960).
[17]	Conrad, K. Die beginnende Schizophrenie. Versuch einer Gestaltanalyse des Wahns. Stuttgart, G. Thieme (1958).
[18]	Kapur S. Psychosis as a state of aberrant salience: a framework linking biology, phenomenology, and pharmacology in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2003 Jan; 160 (1): 13-23.
[19]	Grühle HW. Über den Wahn. Nervenarzt. 1915; 22: 125.
[20]	American Psychiatric Association (APA). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5 TR). APA Publishing, 2022.
[21]	Jablensky A. Psychiatric classifications: validity and utility. World Psychiatry. 2016 Feb; 15 (1): 26-31.
[22]	Maj M. Why the clinical utility of diagnostic categories in psychiatry is intrinsically limited and how we can use new approaches to complement them. World Psychiatry. 2018 Jun; 17 (2): 121-122.
[23]	Szasz, T. S. (1960). The myth of mental illness. American Psychologist, 15 (2), 113–118.
[24]	Cardno AG, Owen MJ. Genetic relationships between schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and schizoaffective disorder. Schizophr Bull. 2014 May; 40 (3): 504-15.
[25]	Brainstorm Consortium; Anttila V, Bulik-Sullivan B, Finucane HK, Walters RK et al. Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain. Science. 2018 Jun 22; 360 (6395): eaap8757.
[26]	Derry S, Moore RA. Atypical antipsychotics in bipolar disorder: systematic review of randomised trials. BMC Psychiatry. 2007 Aug 16; 7: 40.
[27]	Caspi A, Houts RM, Belsky DW, Goldman-Mellor SJ, Harrington H, Israel S, Meier MH, Ramrakha S, Shalev I, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. The p Factor: One General Psychopathology Factor in the Structure of Psychiatric Disorders? Clin Psychol Sci. 2014 Mar; 2 (2): 119-137.
[28]	McGorry PD. Issues for DSM-V: clinical staging: a heuristic pathway to valid nosology and safer, more effective treatment in psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry. 2007 Jun; 164 (6): 859-60.
[29]	Tschacher W, Giersch A, Friston K. Embodiment and Schizophrenia: A Review of Implications and Applications. Schizophr Bull. 2017 Jul 1; 43 (4): 745-753.
[30]	Sass L, Byrom G. Phenomenological and neurocognitive perspectives on delusions: A critical overview. World Psychiatry. 2015 Jun; 14 (2): 164-73.
[31]	Dalle Luche R:, Di Piazza G. P.: La «pensée» délirante. Penséee ou pseudo-pensée delirante?. In: A. Ballerini, G. Di Piazza (Eds.): Délirer. Analyse du phénomène délirant. Le Cercle Hermeneutique, Second Semestre 2011, Numéro 17, Paris, Argeneuil.
[32]	Molstrom, I. M., Nordgaard, J., Urfer-Parnas, A., Handest, R., Berge, J., & Henriksen, M. G. (2022). The prognosis of schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression of 20-year follow-up studies. Schizophrenia research, 250, 152-163.
[33]	Haddad PM, Correll CU. The acute efficacy of antipsychotics in schizophrenia: a review of recent meta-analyses. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2018 Oct 8; 8 (11): 303-318.
[34]	Huber G, Gross G. The concept of basic symptoms in schizophrenic and schizoaffective psychoses. Recenti Prog Med. 1989 Dec; 80 (12): 646-52.
[35]	Schültze-Lutter F, Theodoridou A. The concept of basic symptoms: its scientific and clinical relevance. World Psychiatry. 2017 Feb; 16 (1): 104-105.
[36]	Janzarik W. Der strukturdynamische ansatz: psychopathologische herkunft und menschenkundliche perspektive [The structural dynamic approach: its psychopathologic origin and application to considerations of personality]. Nervenarzt. 2007 Nov; 78 (11): 1296-302.
[37]	Dalle Luche R. Concettualizzazioni cliniche e psicopatologiche degli esordi psicotici dalla seconda metà dell’800 ai nativi digitali [Clinical and psychopathological models of psychotic onsents from last nineteenth century up to digital-born generation]. Riv Sperim Freniatr in press Submitted 23.01.2023 Accepted 23.05.2023 RSF (ISSN 1129-6437, ISSNe 1972-5582), VOL. CXLVII, 2023, 2.
[38]	Andreasen N. DSM and the Death of Phenomenology in America: An Example of Unintended Consequences. Schizophrenia Bull. 2007 Jan; 33 (1): 108-112. Zhang Jia, Gou Xiaohua, Wang Yu, et al. Comfort analysis of patients undergoing spinal surgery with indwelling catheter before and after general anesthesia [J]. Smart Health, 2020, (10): 113-114.
[39]	QIU Yihui, CHEN Huixian, YU Yingqun, et al. Efficacy of Daclonine Gel in Preventing Urinary Ductal Irritation Symptoms in Awakening in 60 Cases of Male General Anesthesia Surgery [J]. Armed Police Medicine, 2021, 32 (08): 721-722.
[40]	Hong Jiageng, Wang Qingxiang, Liu Feng. Research progress of urinary catheter-related bladder irritation during convalescence under general anesthesia [J]. International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, 2012 (5): 334-338.
[41]	CHEN Xin, ZHOU Jie, DAI Lijun, et al. Effect of tetracaine glue combined with full course psychological intervention on physiological and psychological discomfort in cystoscopy surgery patients [J]. Chinese Journal of Health Psychology, 2023, 31 (07): 1052-1056.
[42]	Li Xiaoni, Jing Xiaohong. Effect of fentanyl combined with tetracaine gel on postoperative urinary tube care in male patients [J]. Clinical Medicine Research and Practice, 2019, (30): 187-189.
[43]	Wu Ruizhu. Effects of nursing intervention on wake-up agitation and urinary catheter stimulation in patients with indwelling urinary catheters under general anesthesia in the operating room [J]. Chinese Medical Guide, 2021, 19 (24): 101-102.
[44]	Zhou Ling, Li Xiaoxia. Meta-analysis of risk factors for restlessness during recovery from general anesthesia in adults [J]. Chinese Journal of Modern Medicine, 2021, (17): 58-65.
[45]	Mu L, Geng LC, Xu H, et al. Lidocaine-prilocaine cream reduces catheter-related bladder discomfort in male patients during the general anesthesia recovery period: A prospective, randomized, case-control STROBE study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017; 96 (14): e6494.
[46]	YAO Bowei, Gao Bin, Lou Neng. Risk factors of restlessness in thoracic surgery patients during anesthesia recovery and influence of catheter removal before anesthesia recovery [J]. Zhejiang Medical Journal, 2022, (1): 64-67.
[47]	Mitobe Y, Yoshioka T, Baba Y, et al. Predictors of Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort After Surgery: A Literature Review. J Clin Med Res. 2023; 15 (4): 208-215.
[48]	Lin F, Shao K, Pan W, et al. Comparison between Tramadol and Butorphanol for Treating Postoperative Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021; 2021: 6002059.
[49]	Luo Xiaoping, Mou Jiangtao, Li Binfei, et al. Formulation and application effect evaluation of catheter removal plan for resuscitation patients with general anesthesia in anesthesia recovery room before awakening [J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2018, 53 (12): 1468-1472.
[50]	Kim HJ, Kim DK, Kim HY, et al. Risk factors of emergence agitation in adults undergoing general anesthesia for nasal surgery. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2015; 8 (1): 46-51.
[51]	Wang N, Hao J, Zhang J, Du J, Luo Z. Risk factors for emergence agitation during the awakening period in elderly patients after total joint arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2023; 13 (5): e068284.
[52]	Zhang X, Qi S, Lin Z, et al. Pre-operative administration of butorphanol mitigates emergence agitation in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Front Psychiatry. 2023; 13: 1090149.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Luo Xiaoting, Fu Huan, Li Shengnan, Wei Yao, Liang Yu. (2023). The Effect of Tetracaine Gel in Male Patients with Indwelling Catheterization on Agitation and Urethral Irritation During Recovery from General Anesthesia. International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine, 11(2), 62-65. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Luo Xiaoting; Fu Huan; Li Shengnan; Wei Yao; Liang Yu. The Effect of Tetracaine Gel in Male Patients with Indwelling Catheterization on Agitation and Urethral Irritation During Recovery from General Anesthesia. Int. J. Anesth. Clin. Med. 2023, 11(2), 62-65. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Luo Xiaoting, Fu Huan, Li Shengnan, Wei Yao, Liang Yu. The Effect of Tetracaine Gel in Male Patients with Indwelling Catheterization on Agitation and Urethral Irritation During Recovery from General Anesthesia. Int J Anesth Clin Med. 2023;11(2):62-65. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11,
  author = {Luo Xiaoting and Fu Huan and Li Shengnan and Wei Yao and Liang Yu},
  title = {The Effect of Tetracaine Gel in Male Patients with Indwelling Catheterization on Agitation and Urethral Irritation During Recovery from General Anesthesia},
  journal = {International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {62-65},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijacm.20231102.11},
  abstract = {Objective: To observe the effect of tetracaine mucilage applied to male patients with indwelling urinary catheter on agitation and urethral irritation during recovery from general anesthesia. Methods: A total of 60 male patients who were scheduled to undergo thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer under general anesthesia in our hospital from January 2022 to May 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the random number table method, 30 cases/group. Control group: lubricate the anterior end of the catheter and urethral mucosa with liquid paraffin oil after general anesthesia double-lumen bronchial intubation; experimental group: use 1-2 g tetracaine gel to fully lubricate the anterior end of the catheter and urethral mucosa, and then the two groups All patients underwent conventional catheterization. The Ricker sedation-agitation score (SAS) scale was used to evaluate the agitation of the two groups of patients during the recovery period, and the degree of urethral stimulation in the two groups of patients during the recovery period was also recorded. Results: Compared with the control group, the incidence of agitation during recovery and the degree of urethral irritation in the experimental group were significantly reduced, and the difference was statistically significant (P Conclusion: Tetracaine gel applied to male patients with indwelling catheter after general anesthesia can significantly reduce agitation and urethral irritation during recovery from general anesthesia.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of Tetracaine Gel in Male Patients with Indwelling Catheterization on Agitation and Urethral Irritation During Recovery from General Anesthesia
AU  - Luo Xiaoting
AU  - Fu Huan
AU  - Li Shengnan
AU  - Wei Yao
AU  - Liang Yu
Y1  - 2023/07/24
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11
T2  - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
JF  - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
JO  - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
SP  - 62
EP  - 65
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2997-2698
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11
AB  - Objective: To observe the effect of tetracaine mucilage applied to male patients with indwelling urinary catheter on agitation and urethral irritation during recovery from general anesthesia. Methods: A total of 60 male patients who were scheduled to undergo thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer under general anesthesia in our hospital from January 2022 to May 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the random number table method, 30 cases/group. Control group: lubricate the anterior end of the catheter and urethral mucosa with liquid paraffin oil after general anesthesia double-lumen bronchial intubation; experimental group: use 1-2 g tetracaine gel to fully lubricate the anterior end of the catheter and urethral mucosa, and then the two groups All patients underwent conventional catheterization. The Ricker sedation-agitation score (SAS) scale was used to evaluate the agitation of the two groups of patients during the recovery period, and the degree of urethral stimulation in the two groups of patients during the recovery period was also recorded. Results: Compared with the control group, the incidence of agitation during recovery and the degree of urethral irritation in the experimental group were significantly reduced, and the difference was statistically significant (P Conclusion: Tetracaine gel applied to male patients with indwelling catheter after general anesthesia can significantly reduce agitation and urethral irritation during recovery from general anesthesia.
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Luo Xiaoting

Department of Anesthesiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
Fu Huan

Department of Anesthesiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
Li Shengnan

Department of Anesthesiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
Wei Yao

Department of Anesthesiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
Liang Yu

Department of Anesthesiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Luo Xiaoting, Fu Huan, Li Shengnan, Wei Yao, Liang Yu. (2023). The Effect of Tetracaine Gel in Male Patients with Indwelling Catheterization on Agitation and Urethral Irritation During Recovery from General Anesthesia. International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine, 11(2), 62-65. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Luo Xiaoting; Fu Huan; Li Shengnan; Wei Yao; Liang Yu. The Effect of Tetracaine Gel in Male Patients with Indwelling Catheterization on Agitation and Urethral Irritation During Recovery from General Anesthesia. Int. J. Anesth. Clin. Med. 2023, 11(2), 62-65. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Luo Xiaoting, Fu Huan, Li Shengnan, Wei Yao, Liang Yu. The Effect of Tetracaine Gel in Male Patients with Indwelling Catheterization on Agitation and Urethral Irritation During Recovery from General Anesthesia. Int J Anesth Clin Med. 2023;11(2):62-65. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11,
  author = {Luo Xiaoting and Fu Huan and Li Shengnan and Wei Yao and Liang Yu},
  title = {The Effect of Tetracaine Gel in Male Patients with Indwelling Catheterization on Agitation and Urethral Irritation During Recovery from General Anesthesia},
  journal = {International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {62-65},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijacm.20231102.11},
  abstract = {Objective: To observe the effect of tetracaine mucilage applied to male patients with indwelling urinary catheter on agitation and urethral irritation during recovery from general anesthesia. Methods: A total of 60 male patients who were scheduled to undergo thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer under general anesthesia in our hospital from January 2022 to May 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the random number table method, 30 cases/group. Control group: lubricate the anterior end of the catheter and urethral mucosa with liquid paraffin oil after general anesthesia double-lumen bronchial intubation; experimental group: use 1-2 g tetracaine gel to fully lubricate the anterior end of the catheter and urethral mucosa, and then the two groups All patients underwent conventional catheterization. The Ricker sedation-agitation score (SAS) scale was used to evaluate the agitation of the two groups of patients during the recovery period, and the degree of urethral stimulation in the two groups of patients during the recovery period was also recorded. Results: Compared with the control group, the incidence of agitation during recovery and the degree of urethral irritation in the experimental group were significantly reduced, and the difference was statistically significant (P Conclusion: Tetracaine gel applied to male patients with indwelling catheter after general anesthesia can significantly reduce agitation and urethral irritation during recovery from general anesthesia.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of Tetracaine Gel in Male Patients with Indwelling Catheterization on Agitation and Urethral Irritation During Recovery from General Anesthesia
AU  - Luo Xiaoting
AU  - Fu Huan
AU  - Li Shengnan
AU  - Wei Yao
AU  - Liang Yu
Y1  - 2023/07/24
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11
T2  - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
JF  - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
JO  - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
SP  - 62
EP  - 65
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2997-2698
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20231102.11
AB  - Objective: To observe the effect of tetracaine mucilage applied to male patients with indwelling urinary catheter on agitation and urethral irritation during recovery from general anesthesia. Methods: A total of 60 male patients who were scheduled to undergo thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer under general anesthesia in our hospital from January 2022 to May 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the random number table method, 30 cases/group. Control group: lubricate the anterior end of the catheter and urethral mucosa with liquid paraffin oil after general anesthesia double-lumen bronchial intubation; experimental group: use 1-2 g tetracaine gel to fully lubricate the anterior end of the catheter and urethral mucosa, and then the two groups All patients underwent conventional catheterization. The Ricker sedation-agitation score (SAS) scale was used to evaluate the agitation of the two groups of patients during the recovery period, and the degree of urethral stimulation in the two groups of patients during the recovery period was also recorded. Results: Compared with the control group, the incidence of agitation during recovery and the degree of urethral irritation in the experimental group were significantly reduced, and the difference was statistically significant (P Conclusion: Tetracaine gel applied to male patients with indwelling catheter after general anesthesia can significantly reduce agitation and urethral irritation during recovery from general anesthesia.
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download