| Peer-Reviewed

Assessment of Satellite Based Evapotranspiration Products at Regional Scale over Landscape of Pakistan

Published in Hydrology (Volume 10, Issue 2)
Received: 22 April 2022     Accepted: 6 June 2022     Published: 16 June 2022
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Satellite based Evapotranspiration (ET) products are being used at a global scale for ET estimation and mostly providing a reliable opportunity in in-situ data-sparse region. GLDAS, GLEAM & MODIS are currently used state-of-the-art satellite ET products. They provide wide and continuously available datasets with large spatio-temporal coverage. Availability of accurate & reliable ET information is a prerequisite for many hydro-meteorological applications such as water resource management, irrigation scheduling, crop yield estimation, and drought predictions; hence, this research work was carried out to evaluate the accuracy and applicability of MODIS, GLEAM & GLDAS in diverse regions of Pakistan. ET estimates obtained from these products were compared with gauge data on monthly temporal scale, and seasonal (spring, autumn, summer, and winter) scale in four diverse climatic zones using six performance metrics namely root mean square error, standard deviation, linear correlation coefficient, index of agreement, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency and statistical bias. The results showed that (1)-GLEAM is a competitive ET estimation product and it gave promising ET estimates in the dry regions as well as in hilly and mountainous terrain of Pakistan. (2)- Seasonal analysis resulted that GLEAM was best suitable product in case of spring, summer & autumn, whereas MODIS provide better agreement in case of winter. On the other hand, GLDAS was ranked 2nd in case of all seasons. (3)- By considering zones based analysis it was noted that GLEAM performed better as compared to other ET products in all zones, whereas GLDAS & MODIS ranked 2nd and 3rd respectively. (4)- The overall performance of GLEAM is very convincing and it was concluded that it can be a feasible satellite product for most of the areas of Pakistan. Furthermore, error component (systematic & random) estimation can be a step further evaluation of GLDAS & GLEAM.

Published in Hydrology (Volume 10, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.hyd.20221002.12
Page(s) 34-41
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Evapotranspiration, Satellite-Based ET Products, Performance Metrics, Climatic Zones

References
[1] Abiodun, O. O., Guan, H., Post, V. E., & Batelaan, O. (2018). Comparison of MODIS and SWAT evapotranspiration over a complex terrain at different spatial scales. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 22 (5), 2775-2794.
[2] Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., & Smith, M. (1998). FAO Irrigation and drainage paper No. 56. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 56 (97), e156.
[3] Balsamo, G., Albergel, C., Beljaars, A., Boussetta, S., Brun, E., Cloke, H.,... & Vitart, F. (2015). ERA-Interim/Land: a global land surface reanalysis data set. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 19 (1), 389-407.
[4] Bastiaanssen, W. G. M., Noordman, E. J. M., Pelgrum, H., Davids, G., Thoreson, B. P., & Allen, R. G. (2005). SEBAL model with remotely sensed data to improve water-resources management under actual field conditions. Journal of irrigation and drainage engineering, 131 (1), 85-93.
[5] Byun, K., Liaqat, U. W., & Choi, M. (2014). Dual-model approaches for evapotranspiration analyses over homo-and heterogeneous land surface conditions. Agricultural and forest meteorology, 197, 169-187.
[6] Cleugh, H. A., Leuning, R., Mu, Q., & Running, S. W. (2007). Regional evaporation estimates from flux tower and MODIS satellite data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 106 (3), 285-304.
[7] Ghilain, N., Arboleda, A., & Gellens-Meulenberghs, F. (2011). Evapotranspiration modelling at large scale using near-real time MSG SEVIRI derived data. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 15 (3), 771-786.
[8] Hendrickx, J. M. H., Vink, N. H., & Fayinke, T. (1986). Water requirement for irrigated rice in a semi-arid region in West Africa. Agricultural water management, 11 (1), 75-90.
[9] Khan, S. (2018). Climate classification of Pakistan. International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology, 10 (2), 60-71.
[10] Liou, Y. A., & Kar, S. K. (2014). Evapotranspiration estimation with remote sensing and various surface energy balance algorithms—A review. Energies, 7 (5), 2821-2849.
[11] Moran, M. S., & Jackson, R. D. (1991). Assessing the spatial distribution of evapotranspiration using remotely sensed inputs. Journal of Environmental Quality, 20 (4), 725-737.
[12] Samuel, A., Girma, A., Zenebe, A., & Ghebreyohannes, T. (2018). Spatio-temporal variability of evapotranspiration and crop water requirement from space. Journal of hydrology, 567, 732-742.
[13] Spate, O. H. K., & Learmonth, A. T. A. (2017). India and Pakistan: A general and regional geography. Routledge.
[14] Taghvaeian, S., & Neale, C. M. (2011). Water balance of irrigated areas: a remote sensing approach. Hydrological Processes, 25 (26), 4132-4141.
[15] Wright, J. L. (1982). New evapotranspiration crop coefficients. Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, 108 (1), 57-74.
[16] Xu, Z., Ma, Y., Liu, S., Shi, W., & Wang, J. (2017). Assessment of the energy balance closure under advective conditions and its impact using remote sensing data. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 56 (1), 127-140.
[17] Yilmaz, M. T., Crow, W. T., Anderson, M. C., & Hain, C. (2012). An objective methodology for merging satellite-and model-based soil moisture products. Water Resources Research, 48 (11).
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Numan Zahid Khan, Muhammad Waseem. (2022). Assessment of Satellite Based Evapotranspiration Products at Regional Scale over Landscape of Pakistan. Hydrology, 10(2), 34-41. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20221002.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Numan Zahid Khan; Muhammad Waseem. Assessment of Satellite Based Evapotranspiration Products at Regional Scale over Landscape of Pakistan. Hydrology. 2022, 10(2), 34-41. doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20221002.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Numan Zahid Khan, Muhammad Waseem. Assessment of Satellite Based Evapotranspiration Products at Regional Scale over Landscape of Pakistan. Hydrology. 2022;10(2):34-41. doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20221002.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.hyd.20221002.12,
      author = {Numan Zahid Khan and Muhammad Waseem},
      title = {Assessment of Satellite Based Evapotranspiration Products at Regional Scale over Landscape of Pakistan},
      journal = {Hydrology},
      volume = {10},
      number = {2},
      pages = {34-41},
      doi = {10.11648/j.hyd.20221002.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20221002.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hyd.20221002.12},
      abstract = {Satellite based Evapotranspiration (ET) products are being used at a global scale for ET estimation and mostly providing a reliable opportunity in in-situ data-sparse region. GLDAS, GLEAM & MODIS are currently used state-of-the-art satellite ET products. They provide wide and continuously available datasets with large spatio-temporal coverage. Availability of accurate & reliable ET information is a prerequisite for many hydro-meteorological applications such as water resource management, irrigation scheduling, crop yield estimation, and drought predictions; hence, this research work was carried out to evaluate the accuracy and applicability of MODIS, GLEAM & GLDAS in diverse regions of Pakistan. ET estimates obtained from these products were compared with gauge data on monthly temporal scale, and seasonal (spring, autumn, summer, and winter) scale in four diverse climatic zones using six performance metrics namely root mean square error, standard deviation, linear correlation coefficient, index of agreement, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency and statistical bias. The results showed that (1)-GLEAM is a competitive ET estimation product and it gave promising ET estimates in the dry regions as well as in hilly and mountainous terrain of Pakistan. (2)- Seasonal analysis resulted that GLEAM was best suitable product in case of spring, summer & autumn, whereas MODIS provide better agreement in case of winter. On the other hand, GLDAS was ranked 2nd in case of all seasons. (3)- By considering zones based analysis it was noted that GLEAM performed better as compared to other ET products in all zones, whereas GLDAS & MODIS ranked 2nd and 3rd respectively. (4)- The overall performance of GLEAM is very convincing and it was concluded that it can be a feasible satellite product for most of the areas of Pakistan. Furthermore, error component (systematic & random) estimation can be a step further evaluation of GLDAS & GLEAM.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Assessment of Satellite Based Evapotranspiration Products at Regional Scale over Landscape of Pakistan
    AU  - Numan Zahid Khan
    AU  - Muhammad Waseem
    Y1  - 2022/06/16
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20221002.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.hyd.20221002.12
    T2  - Hydrology
    JF  - Hydrology
    JO  - Hydrology
    SP  - 34
    EP  - 41
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-7617
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20221002.12
    AB  - Satellite based Evapotranspiration (ET) products are being used at a global scale for ET estimation and mostly providing a reliable opportunity in in-situ data-sparse region. GLDAS, GLEAM & MODIS are currently used state-of-the-art satellite ET products. They provide wide and continuously available datasets with large spatio-temporal coverage. Availability of accurate & reliable ET information is a prerequisite for many hydro-meteorological applications such as water resource management, irrigation scheduling, crop yield estimation, and drought predictions; hence, this research work was carried out to evaluate the accuracy and applicability of MODIS, GLEAM & GLDAS in diverse regions of Pakistan. ET estimates obtained from these products were compared with gauge data on monthly temporal scale, and seasonal (spring, autumn, summer, and winter) scale in four diverse climatic zones using six performance metrics namely root mean square error, standard deviation, linear correlation coefficient, index of agreement, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency and statistical bias. The results showed that (1)-GLEAM is a competitive ET estimation product and it gave promising ET estimates in the dry regions as well as in hilly and mountainous terrain of Pakistan. (2)- Seasonal analysis resulted that GLEAM was best suitable product in case of spring, summer & autumn, whereas MODIS provide better agreement in case of winter. On the other hand, GLDAS was ranked 2nd in case of all seasons. (3)- By considering zones based analysis it was noted that GLEAM performed better as compared to other ET products in all zones, whereas GLDAS & MODIS ranked 2nd and 3rd respectively. (4)- The overall performance of GLEAM is very convincing and it was concluded that it can be a feasible satellite product for most of the areas of Pakistan. Furthermore, error component (systematic & random) estimation can be a step further evaluation of GLDAS & GLEAM.
    VL  - 10
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Centre of Excellence, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

  • Centre of Excellence, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

  • Sections