Today, the security, stability and environmental sustainability of developing nations are threatened by the growing global water crisis. This crisis is partly due to water governance. Improving water infrastructure must be a priority, as water conservation and efficiency are key components of sustainable water management. The idea of virtual water import/export as a method to ease the pressure on the available domestic water resources is a concern for sustainable water management. This concept of virtual water further extends the scope of water resources management beyond the boundary of natural watershed. Since the water use of a given watershed can be influenced by water use outside of the watershed through virtual water transfers, it is not sufficient to confine the water resources management to the basin or catchment scale. The role of virtual water in bridging the gap between supply and demand of water is underestimated. Although invisible, the importance of ‘virtual water' can be an effective means for water-scarce countries to preserve their domestic water resources. This paper examines the virtual water concepts in relation to per capita water availability taking 2000 to 2015 years as the period of analysis. The results of the study showed that the total exported and imported virtual water in the period of analysis in Ethiopia is 113 billion m3 and 10.9 billion m3 respectively. These values showed that Ethiopia is a net virtual water exporter. The maximum and minimum per-capita water availability during the analysis period was 2590 m3/cap/year and 1740 m3/cap/year respectively. These results indicated no water stress in the period of analysis.
| Published in | Hydrology (Volume 9, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.hyd.20210902.11 |
| Page(s) | 21-35 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Global Water Crisis, Virtual Water, Environmental Sustainability, Export and Imported Commodities
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APA Style
Dereje Adeba, Gedefa Lelisa. (2021). Virtual Water and Its Share in Per-capita Water Availability (Case Study of Ethiopia). Hydrology, 9(2), 21-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20210902.11
ACS Style
Dereje Adeba; Gedefa Lelisa. Virtual Water and Its Share in Per-capita Water Availability (Case Study of Ethiopia). Hydrology. 2021, 9(2), 21-35. doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20210902.11
AMA Style
Dereje Adeba, Gedefa Lelisa. Virtual Water and Its Share in Per-capita Water Availability (Case Study of Ethiopia). Hydrology. 2021;9(2):21-35. doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20210902.11
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Download@article{10.11648/j.hyd.20210902.11,
author = {Dereje Adeba and Gedefa Lelisa},
title = {Virtual Water and Its Share in Per-capita Water Availability (Case Study of Ethiopia)},
journal = {Hydrology},
volume = {9},
number = {2},
pages = {21-35},
doi = {10.11648/j.hyd.20210902.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20210902.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hyd.20210902.11},
abstract = {Today, the security, stability and environmental sustainability of developing nations are threatened by the growing global water crisis. This crisis is partly due to water governance. Improving water infrastructure must be a priority, as water conservation and efficiency are key components of sustainable water management. The idea of virtual water import/export as a method to ease the pressure on the available domestic water resources is a concern for sustainable water management. This concept of virtual water further extends the scope of water resources management beyond the boundary of natural watershed. Since the water use of a given watershed can be influenced by water use outside of the watershed through virtual water transfers, it is not sufficient to confine the water resources management to the basin or catchment scale. The role of virtual water in bridging the gap between supply and demand of water is underestimated. Although invisible, the importance of ‘virtual water' can be an effective means for water-scarce countries to preserve their domestic water resources. This paper examines the virtual water concepts in relation to per capita water availability taking 2000 to 2015 years as the period of analysis. The results of the study showed that the total exported and imported virtual water in the period of analysis in Ethiopia is 113 billion m3 and 10.9 billion m3 respectively. These values showed that Ethiopia is a net virtual water exporter. The maximum and minimum per-capita water availability during the analysis period was 2590 m3/cap/year and 1740 m3/cap/year respectively. These results indicated no water stress in the period of analysis.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Virtual Water and Its Share in Per-capita Water Availability (Case Study of Ethiopia) AU - Dereje Adeba AU - Gedefa Lelisa Y1 - 2021/05/08 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20210902.11 DO - 10.11648/j.hyd.20210902.11 T2 - Hydrology JF - Hydrology JO - Hydrology SP - 21 EP - 35 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-7617 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20210902.11 AB - Today, the security, stability and environmental sustainability of developing nations are threatened by the growing global water crisis. This crisis is partly due to water governance. Improving water infrastructure must be a priority, as water conservation and efficiency are key components of sustainable water management. The idea of virtual water import/export as a method to ease the pressure on the available domestic water resources is a concern for sustainable water management. This concept of virtual water further extends the scope of water resources management beyond the boundary of natural watershed. Since the water use of a given watershed can be influenced by water use outside of the watershed through virtual water transfers, it is not sufficient to confine the water resources management to the basin or catchment scale. The role of virtual water in bridging the gap between supply and demand of water is underestimated. Although invisible, the importance of ‘virtual water' can be an effective means for water-scarce countries to preserve their domestic water resources. This paper examines the virtual water concepts in relation to per capita water availability taking 2000 to 2015 years as the period of analysis. The results of the study showed that the total exported and imported virtual water in the period of analysis in Ethiopia is 113 billion m3 and 10.9 billion m3 respectively. These values showed that Ethiopia is a net virtual water exporter. The maximum and minimum per-capita water availability during the analysis period was 2590 m3/cap/year and 1740 m3/cap/year respectively. These results indicated no water stress in the period of analysis. VL - 9 IS - 2 ER -
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