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A Comparative Analysis of Drainage Morphometry on Hydrologic Characteristics of Kereke and Ukoghor Basins on Flood Vulnerability in Makurdi Town, Nigeria

Published in Hydrology (Volume 5, Issue 3)
Received: 30 June 2017     Accepted: 18 July 2017     Published: 15 August 2017
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Abstract

The synergistic enforcement of the hydrographic behaviors of Kereke and Ukoghor river basins on the river Benue have been identified as the major contributors of the replete episodic flood hazard of Makurdi town. It is on this note that this study aims at analysing and comparing two categories of morphometric parameters; areal and linear/relief which influence runoff/discharge volumes and time lag of Kereke and Ukoghor river basins hydrograpghs respectively. This analysis provides a better understanding of their hydrographic characteristics and vulnerability to the flood hazard. The potential hydrographic variables examined include: runoff, peak flow, time to peak, infiltration, and overland flow. This was achieved using topographical maps of Makurdi sheet 251 NW and 251 SW on scale 1:50,000 published by Federal Survey of Nigeria (1965). These morphometric parameters were evaluated using ArcGIS 10.2 platform. Results indicated that both basins are 5th order basins with dendritic pattern. Kereke and Ukoghor basins have basin area 261.28 km2 94.82 km2, basin length 26 km/10.79 km, basin perimeter 76.28 km/40.15 km, bifurcation ratio 3.51/3.09, length of overland flow 0.56 km/ 0.42 km, form factor 0.39/0.85, circulatory ratio 0.56/0.70, relief ratio 0.45/0.91, drainage density 0.91/1.20, elongation ratio 0.40/ 0.60 and infiltration number 0.53/1.32 respectively. A comparison of the results of linear/relief parameters indicate that Okoghor drainage constitute fast peak flow and concentration time of shorter duration and hence higher flood vulnerability than Kereke drainage basin. On the other hand a comparison of areal aspects of morphometry Kereke river basin constitutes more vulnerability to flooding in Makurdi town than Ukoghor river basin with regards to hydrograph volume regimes. The outcome of the study is fundamental for prioritizing proactive and sustainable urban flood management, appropriate land use planning and zonation especially along their flood liable areas, storm water management and other general urban environmental degradation management.

Published in Hydrology (Volume 5, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.hyd.20170503.11
Page(s) 32-40
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Morphometry, Drainage Basin, Flood, GIS, Hydrology, Kereke, Ukoghor

References
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[17] Schmidt, J., & Dikau, R. (1999). Extracting Geomorphometric Attributes and Objects from Digital Elevation Models – semantics, Methods, Future Needs. In: Dikau, R. and Saurer, H. (Eds.). GIS for Earth Surface Systems. Gebruder Borntraeger, D – 14129, Berlin. D-70176 Stuttgart, 152-173.
[18] Abah, R. C. (2013). An application of GIS in mapping flood risk zones in a north central City in Nigeria.
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    Oyatayo Kehinde Taofik, Bello Innocent, Ndabula Christopher, Godwill Geofrey Jidauna, Ademola Sunday James. (2017). A Comparative Analysis of Drainage Morphometry on Hydrologic Characteristics of Kereke and Ukoghor Basins on Flood Vulnerability in Makurdi Town, Nigeria. Hydrology, 5(3), 32-40. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20170503.11

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    Oyatayo Kehinde Taofik; Bello Innocent; Ndabula Christopher; Godwill Geofrey Jidauna; Ademola Sunday James. A Comparative Analysis of Drainage Morphometry on Hydrologic Characteristics of Kereke and Ukoghor Basins on Flood Vulnerability in Makurdi Town, Nigeria. Hydrology. 2017, 5(3), 32-40. doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20170503.11

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    AMA Style

    Oyatayo Kehinde Taofik, Bello Innocent, Ndabula Christopher, Godwill Geofrey Jidauna, Ademola Sunday James. A Comparative Analysis of Drainage Morphometry on Hydrologic Characteristics of Kereke and Ukoghor Basins on Flood Vulnerability in Makurdi Town, Nigeria. Hydrology. 2017;5(3):32-40. doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20170503.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.hyd.20170503.11,
      author = {Oyatayo Kehinde Taofik and Bello Innocent and Ndabula Christopher and Godwill Geofrey Jidauna and Ademola Sunday James},
      title = {A Comparative Analysis of Drainage Morphometry on Hydrologic Characteristics of Kereke and Ukoghor Basins on Flood Vulnerability in Makurdi Town, Nigeria},
      journal = {Hydrology},
      volume = {5},
      number = {3},
      pages = {32-40},
      doi = {10.11648/j.hyd.20170503.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20170503.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hyd.20170503.11},
      abstract = {The synergistic enforcement of the hydrographic behaviors of Kereke and Ukoghor river basins on the river Benue have been identified as the major contributors of the replete episodic flood hazard of Makurdi town. It is on this note that this study aims at analysing and comparing two categories of morphometric parameters; areal and linear/relief which influence runoff/discharge volumes and time lag of Kereke and Ukoghor river basins hydrograpghs respectively. This analysis provides a better understanding of their hydrographic characteristics and vulnerability to the flood hazard. The potential hydrographic variables examined include: runoff, peak flow, time to peak, infiltration, and overland flow. This was achieved using topographical maps of Makurdi sheet 251 NW and 251 SW on scale 1:50,000 published by Federal Survey of Nigeria (1965). These morphometric parameters were evaluated using ArcGIS 10.2 platform. Results indicated that both basins are 5th order basins with dendritic pattern. Kereke and Ukoghor basins have basin area 261.28 km2 94.82 km2, basin length 26 km/10.79 km, basin perimeter 76.28 km/40.15 km, bifurcation ratio 3.51/3.09, length of overland flow 0.56 km/ 0.42 km, form factor 0.39/0.85, circulatory ratio 0.56/0.70, relief ratio 0.45/0.91, drainage density 0.91/1.20, elongation ratio 0.40/ 0.60 and infiltration number 0.53/1.32 respectively. A comparison of the results of linear/relief parameters indicate that Okoghor drainage constitute fast peak flow and concentration time of shorter duration and hence higher flood vulnerability than Kereke drainage basin. On the other hand a comparison of areal aspects of morphometry Kereke river basin constitutes more vulnerability to flooding in Makurdi town than Ukoghor river basin with regards to hydrograph volume regimes. The outcome of the study is fundamental for prioritizing proactive and sustainable urban flood management, appropriate land use planning and zonation especially along their flood liable areas, storm water management and other general urban environmental degradation management.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - A Comparative Analysis of Drainage Morphometry on Hydrologic Characteristics of Kereke and Ukoghor Basins on Flood Vulnerability in Makurdi Town, Nigeria
    AU  - Oyatayo Kehinde Taofik
    AU  - Bello Innocent
    AU  - Ndabula Christopher
    AU  - Godwill Geofrey Jidauna
    AU  - Ademola Sunday James
    Y1  - 2017/08/15
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20170503.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.hyd.20170503.11
    T2  - Hydrology
    JF  - Hydrology
    JO  - Hydrology
    SP  - 32
    EP  - 40
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-7617
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20170503.11
    AB  - The synergistic enforcement of the hydrographic behaviors of Kereke and Ukoghor river basins on the river Benue have been identified as the major contributors of the replete episodic flood hazard of Makurdi town. It is on this note that this study aims at analysing and comparing two categories of morphometric parameters; areal and linear/relief which influence runoff/discharge volumes and time lag of Kereke and Ukoghor river basins hydrograpghs respectively. This analysis provides a better understanding of their hydrographic characteristics and vulnerability to the flood hazard. The potential hydrographic variables examined include: runoff, peak flow, time to peak, infiltration, and overland flow. This was achieved using topographical maps of Makurdi sheet 251 NW and 251 SW on scale 1:50,000 published by Federal Survey of Nigeria (1965). These morphometric parameters were evaluated using ArcGIS 10.2 platform. Results indicated that both basins are 5th order basins with dendritic pattern. Kereke and Ukoghor basins have basin area 261.28 km2 94.82 km2, basin length 26 km/10.79 km, basin perimeter 76.28 km/40.15 km, bifurcation ratio 3.51/3.09, length of overland flow 0.56 km/ 0.42 km, form factor 0.39/0.85, circulatory ratio 0.56/0.70, relief ratio 0.45/0.91, drainage density 0.91/1.20, elongation ratio 0.40/ 0.60 and infiltration number 0.53/1.32 respectively. A comparison of the results of linear/relief parameters indicate that Okoghor drainage constitute fast peak flow and concentration time of shorter duration and hence higher flood vulnerability than Kereke drainage basin. On the other hand a comparison of areal aspects of morphometry Kereke river basin constitutes more vulnerability to flooding in Makurdi town than Ukoghor river basin with regards to hydrograph volume regimes. The outcome of the study is fundamental for prioritizing proactive and sustainable urban flood management, appropriate land use planning and zonation especially along their flood liable areas, storm water management and other general urban environmental degradation management.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Geography, Kwararafa University, Wukari, Nigeria

  • National Space Research and Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria

  • Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Federal University, Dutsin- Ma, Nigeria

  • Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Federal University, Dutsin- Ma, Nigeria

  • Department of Geography, Kwararafa University, Wukari, Nigeria

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