Two experiments (I and II) each under three different salinity levels (10, 15 and 20 ppt) were conducted to investigate the effects of addition of milkfish and substrate for periphyton development and its nutitional quality. Efforts were also made to investigate the hydrobiological parameters and growth of milkfish. Both experiments were run simultaneously with the difference that in experiment I, ponds were stocked with milkfish, while no fish were stocked in experiment II. No significant differences were observed in TDS levels among the three salinity treatments. Studies have revealed higher values of productivity indicating parameters (Alkalinity, NPP and GPP) under grazed conditions in comparison with the ungrazed conditions. A comparison of physico-chemical characteristics of pond water in between the two experiments (I and II) indicated not many variations. All parameters followed a trend similar to the ponds stocked with milkfish, except that BOD5 values were slightly higher and DO levels were slightly lower under ungrazed conditions. SO4 and o-PO4 levels were similar in both the trials. Addition of fish only slightly affected inorganic N-species (NO3N, NO2N), however, NH4N levels were significantly (P<0.05) low, while Alkalinity and total Kjeldahl nitrogen were significantly (P<0.05) high in treatment with fish at 15 ppt salinity. Irrespective of the water salinity, mean periphyton density scraped from the substrate increased with an increase in depth upto 50 cm in both the trials. A comparison of periphyton production/biomass and its pigment concentrations indicated significantly (P<0.05) higher values for dry matter, ash free dry matter (AFDM), ash, ash % of dry matter, algal constitutes, autotrophic index in ponds with fish (grazed conditions). On the other hand, periphyton number (units cm-2), total pigment concentration, chlorophyll a and pheophytin a remained significantly (P<0.05) higher in ponds without fish (ungrazed conditions). Results have also revealed a significant effect of salinity on fish growth with significantly (P<0.05) higher growth occurring in ponds maintained at 15 ppt salinity. Fish carcass protein, fat and phosphorus, VSI and HSI values also coincided well with highest fish growth at 15 ppt salinity. Proximate composition of periphyton had revealed significantly (P<0.05) higher nutritive value of samples obtained from ponds without fish.
| Published in | Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Volume 1, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.11 |
| Page(s) | 41-52 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Milkfish, Inland Saline Water, Growth, Periphyton, Water Quality, Grazed and Ungrazed, Nutritioal Quality of Periphyton
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APA Style
Sudhir Krishan Garg. (2016). Impacts of Grazing by Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) on Periphyton Growth and its Nutritional Quality in Inland Saline Ground Water : Fish Growth and Pond Ecology. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 1(3), 41-52. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.11
ACS Style
Sudhir Krishan Garg. Impacts of Grazing by Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) on Periphyton Growth and its Nutritional Quality in Inland Saline Ground Water : Fish Growth and Pond Ecology. Ecol. Evol. Biol. 2016, 1(3), 41-52. doi: 10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.11
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Download@article{10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.11,
author = {Sudhir Krishan Garg},
title = {Impacts of Grazing by Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) on Periphyton Growth and its Nutritional Quality in Inland Saline Ground Water : Fish Growth and Pond Ecology},
journal = {Ecology and Evolutionary Biology},
volume = {1},
number = {3},
pages = {41-52},
doi = {10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eeb.20160103.11},
abstract = {Two experiments (I and II) each under three different salinity levels (10, 15 and 20 ppt) were conducted to investigate the effects of addition of milkfish and substrate for periphyton development and its nutitional quality. Efforts were also made to investigate the hydrobiological parameters and growth of milkfish. Both experiments were run simultaneously with the difference that in experiment I, ponds were stocked with milkfish, while no fish were stocked in experiment II. No significant differences were observed in TDS levels among the three salinity treatments. Studies have revealed higher values of productivity indicating parameters (Alkalinity, NPP and GPP) under grazed conditions in comparison with the ungrazed conditions. A comparison of physico-chemical characteristics of pond water in between the two experiments (I and II) indicated not many variations. All parameters followed a trend similar to the ponds stocked with milkfish, except that BOD5 values were slightly higher and DO levels were slightly lower under ungrazed conditions. SO4 and o-PO4 levels were similar in both the trials. Addition of fish only slightly affected inorganic N-species (NO3N, NO2N), however, NH4N levels were significantly (P<0.05) low, while Alkalinity and total Kjeldahl nitrogen were significantly (P<0.05) high in treatment with fish at 15 ppt salinity. Irrespective of the water salinity, mean periphyton density scraped from the substrate increased with an increase in depth upto 50 cm in both the trials. A comparison of periphyton production/biomass and its pigment concentrations indicated significantly (P<0.05) higher values for dry matter, ash free dry matter (AFDM), ash, ash % of dry matter, algal constitutes, autotrophic index in ponds with fish (grazed conditions). On the other hand, periphyton number (units cm-2), total pigment concentration, chlorophyll a and pheophytin a remained significantly (P<0.05) higher in ponds without fish (ungrazed conditions). Results have also revealed a significant effect of salinity on fish growth with significantly (P<0.05) higher growth occurring in ponds maintained at 15 ppt salinity. Fish carcass protein, fat and phosphorus, VSI and HSI values also coincided well with highest fish growth at 15 ppt salinity. Proximate composition of periphyton had revealed significantly (P<0.05) higher nutritive value of samples obtained from ponds without fish.},
year = {2016}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of Grazing by Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) on Periphyton Growth and its Nutritional Quality in Inland Saline Ground Water : Fish Growth and Pond Ecology AU - Sudhir Krishan Garg Y1 - 2016/11/03 PY - 2016 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.11 DO - 10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.11 T2 - Ecology and Evolutionary Biology JF - Ecology and Evolutionary Biology JO - Ecology and Evolutionary Biology SP - 41 EP - 52 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-3762 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.11 AB - Two experiments (I and II) each under three different salinity levels (10, 15 and 20 ppt) were conducted to investigate the effects of addition of milkfish and substrate for periphyton development and its nutitional quality. Efforts were also made to investigate the hydrobiological parameters and growth of milkfish. Both experiments were run simultaneously with the difference that in experiment I, ponds were stocked with milkfish, while no fish were stocked in experiment II. No significant differences were observed in TDS levels among the three salinity treatments. Studies have revealed higher values of productivity indicating parameters (Alkalinity, NPP and GPP) under grazed conditions in comparison with the ungrazed conditions. A comparison of physico-chemical characteristics of pond water in between the two experiments (I and II) indicated not many variations. All parameters followed a trend similar to the ponds stocked with milkfish, except that BOD5 values were slightly higher and DO levels were slightly lower under ungrazed conditions. SO4 and o-PO4 levels were similar in both the trials. Addition of fish only slightly affected inorganic N-species (NO3N, NO2N), however, NH4N levels were significantly (P<0.05) low, while Alkalinity and total Kjeldahl nitrogen were significantly (P<0.05) high in treatment with fish at 15 ppt salinity. Irrespective of the water salinity, mean periphyton density scraped from the substrate increased with an increase in depth upto 50 cm in both the trials. A comparison of periphyton production/biomass and its pigment concentrations indicated significantly (P<0.05) higher values for dry matter, ash free dry matter (AFDM), ash, ash % of dry matter, algal constitutes, autotrophic index in ponds with fish (grazed conditions). On the other hand, periphyton number (units cm-2), total pigment concentration, chlorophyll a and pheophytin a remained significantly (P<0.05) higher in ponds without fish (ungrazed conditions). Results have also revealed a significant effect of salinity on fish growth with significantly (P<0.05) higher growth occurring in ponds maintained at 15 ppt salinity. Fish carcass protein, fat and phosphorus, VSI and HSI values also coincided well with highest fish growth at 15 ppt salinity. Proximate composition of periphyton had revealed significantly (P<0.05) higher nutritive value of samples obtained from ponds without fish. VL - 1 IS - 3 ER -
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