Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Differently Packaged Soft Drinks and Malt Products Commonly Consumed in Nigeria

John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle; Solomon Sunday Durodola; Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade; Abolanle Saheed Adekunle; Wasiu Oladotun Makinde; Saheed Eluwale Elugoke; Adeniyi Jide Oyinloye; Aderemi Okunola Ogunfowokan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.css.20190402.11

Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Differently Packaged Soft Drinks and Malt Products Commonly Consumed in Nigeria

John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle, Solomon Sunday Durodola, Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade, Abolanle Saheed Adekunle, Wasiu Oladotun Makinde, Saheed Eluwale Elugoke, Adeniyi Jide Oyinloye, Aderemi Okunola Ogunfowokan

Published in Colloid and Surface Science (Volume 4, Issue 2)

Received: 3 December 2019 Accepted: 18 December 2019 Published: 24 December 2019

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Abstract

Some commonly consumed differently packaged soft drinks were investigated for their levels of As, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn. This was done in order to evaluate the effect of container materials on the levels of potentially toxic metals in the drinks and the health related short and long-term implications of regular consumption of these products. Batches of differently packaged soft drinks (in glass bottles, cans and plastic bottles) in Nigeria were purchased from wholesale stores in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to quantify the total amount of metals in the acid digested samples. The study revealed that most of the analyzed potentially toxic metals were at concentrations above the recommended WHO and USEPA permissible limits. The effect of packaging materials on the concentration of some of the analyzed metals in the soft drinks was significant at 95% confident level. From the results of this study, it could be concluded that caution should be exercised regarding regular and consistent consumption of these soft drinks as such habit might constitute a significant source of exposure to potentially toxic metals.

Published in	Colloid and Surface Science (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.css.20190402.11
Page(s)	17-23
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Toxic Metals, Soft Drinks, Health Risks, Consumption, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

References

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APA Style

John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle, Solomon Sunday Durodola, Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade, Abolanle Saheed Adekunle, Wasiu Oladotun Makinde, et al. (2019). Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Differently Packaged Soft Drinks and Malt Products Commonly Consumed in Nigeria. Colloid and Surface Science, 4(2), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.css.20190402.11

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ACS Style

John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle; Solomon Sunday Durodola; Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade; Abolanle Saheed Adekunle; Wasiu Oladotun Makinde, et al. Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Differently Packaged Soft Drinks and Malt Products Commonly Consumed in Nigeria. Colloid Surf. Sci. 2019, 4(2), 17-23. doi: 10.11648/j.css.20190402.11

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AMA Style

John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle, Solomon Sunday Durodola, Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade, Abolanle Saheed Adekunle, Wasiu Oladotun Makinde, et al. Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Differently Packaged Soft Drinks and Malt Products Commonly Consumed in Nigeria. Colloid Surf Sci. 2019;4(2):17-23. doi: 10.11648/j.css.20190402.11

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@article{10.11648/j.css.20190402.11,
  author = {John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle and Solomon Sunday Durodola and Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade and Abolanle Saheed Adekunle and Wasiu Oladotun Makinde and Saheed Eluwale Elugoke and Adeniyi Jide Oyinloye and Aderemi Okunola Ogunfowokan},
  title = {Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Differently Packaged Soft Drinks and Malt Products Commonly Consumed in Nigeria},
  journal = {Colloid and Surface Science},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {17-23},
  doi = {10.11648/j.css.20190402.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.css.20190402.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.css.20190402.11},
  abstract = {Some commonly consumed differently packaged soft drinks were investigated for their levels of As, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn. This was done in order to evaluate the effect of container materials on the levels of potentially toxic metals in the drinks and the health related short and long-term implications of regular consumption of these products. Batches of differently packaged soft drinks (in glass bottles, cans and plastic bottles) in Nigeria were purchased from wholesale stores in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to quantify the total amount of metals in the acid digested samples. The study revealed that most of the analyzed potentially toxic metals were at concentrations above the recommended WHO and USEPA permissible limits. The effect of packaging materials on the concentration of some of the analyzed metals in the soft drinks was significant at 95% confident level. From the results of this study, it could be concluded that caution should be exercised regarding regular and consistent consumption of these soft drinks as such habit might constitute a significant source of exposure to potentially toxic metals.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Differently Packaged Soft Drinks and Malt Products Commonly Consumed in Nigeria
AU  - John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle
AU  - Solomon Sunday Durodola
AU  - Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade
AU  - Abolanle Saheed Adekunle
AU  - Wasiu Oladotun Makinde
AU  - Saheed Eluwale Elugoke
AU  - Adeniyi Jide Oyinloye
AU  - Aderemi Okunola Ogunfowokan
Y1  - 2019/12/24
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.css.20190402.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.css.20190402.11
T2  - Colloid and Surface Science
JF  - Colloid and Surface Science
JO  - Colloid and Surface Science
SP  - 17
EP  - 23
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9236
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.css.20190402.11
AB  - Some commonly consumed differently packaged soft drinks were investigated for their levels of As, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn. This was done in order to evaluate the effect of container materials on the levels of potentially toxic metals in the drinks and the health related short and long-term implications of regular consumption of these products. Batches of differently packaged soft drinks (in glass bottles, cans and plastic bottles) in Nigeria were purchased from wholesale stores in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to quantify the total amount of metals in the acid digested samples. The study revealed that most of the analyzed potentially toxic metals were at concentrations above the recommended WHO and USEPA permissible limits. The effect of packaging materials on the concentration of some of the analyzed metals in the soft drinks was significant at 95% confident level. From the results of this study, it could be concluded that caution should be exercised regarding regular and consistent consumption of these soft drinks as such habit might constitute a significant source of exposure to potentially toxic metals.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle

Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Solomon Sunday Durodola

Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade

Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Abolanle Saheed Adekunle

Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Wasiu Oladotun Makinde

Centre for Energy Research and Development, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Saheed Eluwale Elugoke

Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Adeniyi Jide Oyinloye

Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Aderemi Okunola Ogunfowokan

Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

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John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle, Solomon Sunday Durodola, Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade, Abolanle Saheed Adekunle, Wasiu Oladotun Makinde, et al. (2019). Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Differently Packaged Soft Drinks and Malt Products Commonly Consumed in Nigeria. Colloid and Surface Science, 4(2), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.css.20190402.11

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ACS Style

John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle; Solomon Sunday Durodola; Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade; Abolanle Saheed Adekunle; Wasiu Oladotun Makinde, et al. Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Differently Packaged Soft Drinks and Malt Products Commonly Consumed in Nigeria. Colloid Surf. Sci. 2019, 4(2), 17-23. doi: 10.11648/j.css.20190402.11

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AMA Style

John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle, Solomon Sunday Durodola, Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade, Abolanle Saheed Adekunle, Wasiu Oladotun Makinde, et al. Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Differently Packaged Soft Drinks and Malt Products Commonly Consumed in Nigeria. Colloid Surf Sci. 2019;4(2):17-23. doi: 10.11648/j.css.20190402.11

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@article{10.11648/j.css.20190402.11,
  author = {John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle and Solomon Sunday Durodola and Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade and Abolanle Saheed Adekunle and Wasiu Oladotun Makinde and Saheed Eluwale Elugoke and Adeniyi Jide Oyinloye and Aderemi Okunola Ogunfowokan},
  title = {Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Differently Packaged Soft Drinks and Malt Products Commonly Consumed in Nigeria},
  journal = {Colloid and Surface Science},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {17-23},
  doi = {10.11648/j.css.20190402.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.css.20190402.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.css.20190402.11},
  abstract = {Some commonly consumed differently packaged soft drinks were investigated for their levels of As, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn. This was done in order to evaluate the effect of container materials on the levels of potentially toxic metals in the drinks and the health related short and long-term implications of regular consumption of these products. Batches of differently packaged soft drinks (in glass bottles, cans and plastic bottles) in Nigeria were purchased from wholesale stores in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to quantify the total amount of metals in the acid digested samples. The study revealed that most of the analyzed potentially toxic metals were at concentrations above the recommended WHO and USEPA permissible limits. The effect of packaging materials on the concentration of some of the analyzed metals in the soft drinks was significant at 95% confident level. From the results of this study, it could be concluded that caution should be exercised regarding regular and consistent consumption of these soft drinks as such habit might constitute a significant source of exposure to potentially toxic metals.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Differently Packaged Soft Drinks and Malt Products Commonly Consumed in Nigeria
AU  - John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle
AU  - Solomon Sunday Durodola
AU  - Fehintola Folakemi Oguntade
AU  - Abolanle Saheed Adekunle
AU  - Wasiu Oladotun Makinde
AU  - Saheed Eluwale Elugoke
AU  - Adeniyi Jide Oyinloye
AU  - Aderemi Okunola Ogunfowokan
Y1  - 2019/12/24
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.css.20190402.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.css.20190402.11
T2  - Colloid and Surface Science
JF  - Colloid and Surface Science
JO  - Colloid and Surface Science
SP  - 17
EP  - 23
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9236
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.css.20190402.11
AB  - Some commonly consumed differently packaged soft drinks were investigated for their levels of As, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn. This was done in order to evaluate the effect of container materials on the levels of potentially toxic metals in the drinks and the health related short and long-term implications of regular consumption of these products. Batches of differently packaged soft drinks (in glass bottles, cans and plastic bottles) in Nigeria were purchased from wholesale stores in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to quantify the total amount of metals in the acid digested samples. The study revealed that most of the analyzed potentially toxic metals were at concentrations above the recommended WHO and USEPA permissible limits. The effect of packaging materials on the concentration of some of the analyzed metals in the soft drinks was significant at 95% confident level. From the results of this study, it could be concluded that caution should be exercised regarding regular and consistent consumption of these soft drinks as such habit might constitute a significant source of exposure to potentially toxic metals.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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