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Factors Associated with Clinical Outcomes of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Following Radioiodine Therapy in Tanzania

Received: 3 June 2019     Accepted: 2 July 2019     Published: 23 July 2019
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Abstract

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine type of malignancy, accounting for 1-5% of all cancers worldwide. Most of the differentiated thyroid cancers are asymptomatic. Surgery is the mainstay of management to be followed by radioactive iodine (RAI). RAI accessibility is still a challenge in most developing countries including Tanzania. The aim of this study was to determine factors affecting the clinical outcome of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) following RAI treatment in a resource limited setting. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study carried out from 2014 to 2018 at the Ocean Road Cancer Institute, in Tanzania. A total of 52 histologically proven differentiated thyroid cancer patients post- near or total thyroidectomy were recruited. All patients received RAI therapy until ablation was achieved, were maintained on thyroxine suppression dose, and were followed for two years. Results: A total of 52 differentiated thyroid cancer patients were recruited after surgery by convenience sampling. The median age of patients was 46 years (range 17-77), and 87% (n=45) were female. Distant metastases were detected in 60% of patients (n=20) at initial presentation. The most common clinical presentation was a neck mass without compression symptoms (85%). Analysis at the end of two years revealed that female gender, clinical-pathological presentation, and the absence of distant metastasis(es) at diagnosis and amount of RAI received, contributed significantly to improved outcome. Conclusion: In a limited resource setting, the outcome of DTC patients post RAI therapy can be improved by early diagnosis hence improving clinical outcome.

Published in Cancer Research Journal (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.crj.20190703.11
Page(s) 73-78
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Radioiodine Therapy, Thyroid Cancer, Tanzania

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Lulu Lunogelo Sakafu, Teddy Frank Mselle, Julius David Mwaiselage, Khamza Kibwana Maunda, Katherine Van Loon, et al. (2019). Factors Associated with Clinical Outcomes of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Following Radioiodine Therapy in Tanzania. Cancer Research Journal, 7(3), 73-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20190703.11

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    ACS Style

    Lulu Lunogelo Sakafu; Teddy Frank Mselle; Julius David Mwaiselage; Khamza Kibwana Maunda; Katherine Van Loon, et al. Factors Associated with Clinical Outcomes of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Following Radioiodine Therapy in Tanzania. Cancer Res. J. 2019, 7(3), 73-78. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.20190703.11

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    AMA Style

    Lulu Lunogelo Sakafu, Teddy Frank Mselle, Julius David Mwaiselage, Khamza Kibwana Maunda, Katherine Van Loon, et al. Factors Associated with Clinical Outcomes of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Following Radioiodine Therapy in Tanzania. Cancer Res J. 2019;7(3):73-78. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.20190703.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.crj.20190703.11,
      author = {Lulu Lunogelo Sakafu and Teddy Frank Mselle and Julius David Mwaiselage and Khamza Kibwana Maunda and Katherine Van Loon and Bouyoucef Salah Eddin},
      title = {Factors Associated with Clinical Outcomes of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Following Radioiodine Therapy in Tanzania},
      journal = {Cancer Research Journal},
      volume = {7},
      number = {3},
      pages = {73-78},
      doi = {10.11648/j.crj.20190703.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20190703.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.crj.20190703.11},
      abstract = {Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine type of malignancy, accounting for 1-5% of all cancers worldwide. Most of the differentiated thyroid cancers are asymptomatic. Surgery is the mainstay of management to be followed by radioactive iodine (RAI). RAI accessibility is still a challenge in most developing countries including Tanzania. The aim of this study was to determine factors affecting the clinical outcome of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) following RAI treatment in a resource limited setting. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study carried out from 2014 to 2018 at the Ocean Road Cancer Institute, in Tanzania. A total of 52 histologically proven differentiated thyroid cancer patients post- near or total thyroidectomy were recruited. All patients received RAI therapy until ablation was achieved, were maintained on thyroxine suppression dose, and were followed for two years. Results: A total of 52 differentiated thyroid cancer patients were recruited after surgery by convenience sampling. The median age of patients was 46 years (range 17-77), and 87% (n=45) were female. Distant metastases were detected in 60% of patients (n=20) at initial presentation. The most common clinical presentation was a neck mass without compression symptoms (85%). Analysis at the end of two years revealed that female gender, clinical-pathological presentation, and the absence of distant metastasis(es) at diagnosis and amount of RAI received, contributed significantly to improved outcome. Conclusion: In a limited resource setting, the outcome of DTC patients post RAI therapy can be improved by early diagnosis hence improving clinical outcome.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Factors Associated with Clinical Outcomes of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Following Radioiodine Therapy in Tanzania
    AU  - Lulu Lunogelo Sakafu
    AU  - Teddy Frank Mselle
    AU  - Julius David Mwaiselage
    AU  - Khamza Kibwana Maunda
    AU  - Katherine Van Loon
    AU  - Bouyoucef Salah Eddin
    Y1  - 2019/07/23
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20190703.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.crj.20190703.11
    T2  - Cancer Research Journal
    JF  - Cancer Research Journal
    JO  - Cancer Research Journal
    SP  - 73
    EP  - 78
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8214
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20190703.11
    AB  - Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine type of malignancy, accounting for 1-5% of all cancers worldwide. Most of the differentiated thyroid cancers are asymptomatic. Surgery is the mainstay of management to be followed by radioactive iodine (RAI). RAI accessibility is still a challenge in most developing countries including Tanzania. The aim of this study was to determine factors affecting the clinical outcome of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) following RAI treatment in a resource limited setting. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study carried out from 2014 to 2018 at the Ocean Road Cancer Institute, in Tanzania. A total of 52 histologically proven differentiated thyroid cancer patients post- near or total thyroidectomy were recruited. All patients received RAI therapy until ablation was achieved, were maintained on thyroxine suppression dose, and were followed for two years. Results: A total of 52 differentiated thyroid cancer patients were recruited after surgery by convenience sampling. The median age of patients was 46 years (range 17-77), and 87% (n=45) were female. Distant metastases were detected in 60% of patients (n=20) at initial presentation. The most common clinical presentation was a neck mass without compression symptoms (85%). Analysis at the end of two years revealed that female gender, clinical-pathological presentation, and the absence of distant metastasis(es) at diagnosis and amount of RAI received, contributed significantly to improved outcome. Conclusion: In a limited resource setting, the outcome of DTC patients post RAI therapy can be improved by early diagnosis hence improving clinical outcome.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Clinical Oncology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

  • School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

  • Department of Clinical Oncology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

  • Department of Clinical Oncology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

  • Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA

  • Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Bab El Oued University, Algiers, Algeria

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