Growth Analysis, and Yield Responses of Millet (<i>Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.</i>) and Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> [L.] Walp) in an Intercropping System

Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim; Daouda Insa Bani; Atta Sanoussi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11

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Growth Analysis, and Yield Responses of Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) in an Intercropping System

Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim, Daouda Insa Bani, Atta Sanoussi

Published in American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 11, Issue 3)

Received: 24 July 2023 Accepted: 15 August 2023 Published: 28 August 2023

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Abstract

Niger, with a diversified agricultural production system, is dominated by the cultivation of millet for cereals, and cowpea for legumes where they are most often grown in combination. Among the cereal/legume combinations observed, the millet/cowpea combination is by far the most used by producers. This study aimed to evaluate the field experiment in 2021 rainy conditions, the growth, and the yield and yield components of millet/cowpea intercropping. A split-plot design was employed in this experiment, with treatments in main plots, and the varieties in small plots. Treatments included millet sole crop, cowpea sole crop, and intercropping millet/cowpea. Three genotypes of cowpea and a variety of millet, Heini Kirey Précoce (HKP) were used in this study. Growth and yield variables such as leaf area index (LAI), specific leaf area (SLA) and crop growth rate (CGR), biomass and seeds yield, millet 1000 seeds weight, harvest index, and LER were determined. Four cuts were made to determine the growth variables, at the tillering stage, elongation stage, 50% flowering of millet, and dough stage of millet grains. The results showed that total dry matter achieved by intercrop was significantly higher than those achieved by either millet or cowpea sole crop. Grain yield and thousand grain weights of millet were not affected by intercropping while cowpea did not produce any grain. The LAI was higher in intercropping than in sole crops, with higher values at the dough stage of the grains. The growth was maximal for both crops between the second and third cut with optimal growth rates. The LAI was higher in association than in pure culture and with higher values at the dough stage of the grains. Growth was maximum between the bolting and 50% flowering stages with optimal LAI and growth rate values.

Published in	American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 11, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11
Page(s)	27-35
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Dry Matter, LAI, Legume, Cereal, Niger

References

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Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim, Daouda Insa Bani, Atta Sanoussi. (2023). Growth Analysis, and Yield Responses of Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) in an Intercropping System. American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 11(3), 27-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11

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Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim; Daouda Insa Bani; Atta Sanoussi. Growth Analysis, and Yield Responses of Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) in an Intercropping System. Am. J. BioSci. Bioeng. 2023, 11(3), 27-35. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11

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Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim, Daouda Insa Bani, Atta Sanoussi. Growth Analysis, and Yield Responses of Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) in an Intercropping System. Am J BioSci Bioeng. 2023;11(3):27-35. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11

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@article{10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11,
  author = {Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim and Daouda Insa Bani and Atta Sanoussi},
  title = {Growth Analysis, and Yield Responses of Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) in an Intercropping System},
  journal = {American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {27-35},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bio.20231103.11},
  abstract = {Niger, with a diversified agricultural production system, is dominated by the cultivation of millet for cereals, and cowpea for legumes where they are most often grown in combination. Among the cereal/legume combinations observed, the millet/cowpea combination is by far the most used by producers. This study aimed to evaluate the field experiment in 2021 rainy conditions, the growth, and the yield and yield components of millet/cowpea intercropping. A split-plot design was employed in this experiment, with treatments in main plots, and the varieties in small plots. Treatments included millet sole crop, cowpea sole crop, and intercropping millet/cowpea. Three genotypes of cowpea and a variety of millet, Heini Kirey Précoce (HKP) were used in this study. Growth and yield variables such as leaf area index (LAI), specific leaf area (SLA) and crop growth rate (CGR), biomass and seeds yield, millet 1000 seeds weight, harvest index, and LER were determined. Four cuts were made to determine the growth variables, at the tillering stage, elongation stage, 50% flowering of millet, and dough stage of millet grains. The results showed that total dry matter achieved by intercrop was significantly higher than those achieved by either millet or cowpea sole crop. Grain yield and thousand grain weights of millet were not affected by intercropping while cowpea did not produce any grain. The LAI was higher in intercropping than in sole crops, with higher values at the dough stage of the grains. The growth was maximal for both crops between the second and third cut with optimal growth rates. The LAI was higher in association than in pure culture and with higher values at the dough stage of the grains. Growth was maximum between the bolting and 50% flowering stages with optimal LAI and growth rate values.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Growth Analysis, and Yield Responses of Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) in an Intercropping System
AU - Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim
AU - Daouda Insa Bani
AU - Atta Sanoussi
Y1 - 2023/08/28
PY - 2023
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11
DO - 10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11
T2 - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
JF - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
JO - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
SP - 27
EP - 35
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-5893
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11
AB - Niger, with a diversified agricultural production system, is dominated by the cultivation of millet for cereals, and cowpea for legumes where they are most often grown in combination. Among the cereal/legume combinations observed, the millet/cowpea combination is by far the most used by producers. This study aimed to evaluate the field experiment in 2021 rainy conditions, the growth, and the yield and yield components of millet/cowpea intercropping. A split-plot design was employed in this experiment, with treatments in main plots, and the varieties in small plots. Treatments included millet sole crop, cowpea sole crop, and intercropping millet/cowpea. Three genotypes of cowpea and a variety of millet, Heini Kirey Précoce (HKP) were used in this study. Growth and yield variables such as leaf area index (LAI), specific leaf area (SLA) and crop growth rate (CGR), biomass and seeds yield, millet 1000 seeds weight, harvest index, and LER were determined. Four cuts were made to determine the growth variables, at the tillering stage, elongation stage, 50% flowering of millet, and dough stage of millet grains. The results showed that total dry matter achieved by intercrop was significantly higher than those achieved by either millet or cowpea sole crop. Grain yield and thousand grain weights of millet were not affected by intercropping while cowpea did not produce any grain. The LAI was higher in intercropping than in sole crops, with higher values at the dough stage of the grains. The growth was maximal for both crops between the second and third cut with optimal growth rates. The LAI was higher in association than in pure culture and with higher values at the dough stage of the grains. Growth was maximum between the bolting and 50% flowering stages with optimal LAI and growth rate values.
VL - 11
IS - 3
ER -

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Author Information

Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim

Laboratoire de recherche en Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversité au Sahel (GeVaBios), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Niamey, Niger
Daouda Insa Bani

Laboratoire de recherche en Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversité au Sahel (GeVaBios), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Niamey, Niger
Atta Sanoussi

Centre Régional AGRHYMET, Niamey, Niger

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Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim, Daouda Insa Bani, Atta Sanoussi. (2023). Growth Analysis, and Yield Responses of Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) in an Intercropping System. American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 11(3), 27-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11

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Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim; Daouda Insa Bani; Atta Sanoussi. Growth Analysis, and Yield Responses of Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) in an Intercropping System. Am. J. BioSci. Bioeng. 2023, 11(3), 27-35. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11

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Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim, Daouda Insa Bani, Atta Sanoussi. Growth Analysis, and Yield Responses of Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) in an Intercropping System. Am J BioSci Bioeng. 2023;11(3):27-35. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11

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@article{10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11,
  author = {Toudou Daouda Abdoul-Karim and Daouda Insa Bani and Atta Sanoussi},
  title = {Growth Analysis, and Yield Responses of Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) in an Intercropping System},
  journal = {American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {27-35},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20231103.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bio.20231103.11},
  abstract = {Niger, with a diversified agricultural production system, is dominated by the cultivation of millet for cereals, and cowpea for legumes where they are most often grown in combination. Among the cereal/legume combinations observed, the millet/cowpea combination is by far the most used by producers. This study aimed to evaluate the field experiment in 2021 rainy conditions, the growth, and the yield and yield components of millet/cowpea intercropping. A split-plot design was employed in this experiment, with treatments in main plots, and the varieties in small plots. Treatments included millet sole crop, cowpea sole crop, and intercropping millet/cowpea. Three genotypes of cowpea and a variety of millet, Heini Kirey Précoce (HKP) were used in this study. Growth and yield variables such as leaf area index (LAI), specific leaf area (SLA) and crop growth rate (CGR), biomass and seeds yield, millet 1000 seeds weight, harvest index, and LER were determined. Four cuts were made to determine the growth variables, at the tillering stage, elongation stage, 50% flowering of millet, and dough stage of millet grains. The results showed that total dry matter achieved by intercrop was significantly higher than those achieved by either millet or cowpea sole crop. Grain yield and thousand grain weights of millet were not affected by intercropping while cowpea did not produce any grain. The LAI was higher in intercropping than in sole crops, with higher values at the dough stage of the grains. The growth was maximal for both crops between the second and third cut with optimal growth rates. The LAI was higher in association than in pure culture and with higher values at the dough stage of the grains. Growth was maximum between the bolting and 50% flowering stages with optimal LAI and growth rate values.},
 year = {2023}
}

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