PPR (Peste des petits ruminants) is a highly infectious serious infection that affects a lot of sheep and goats. In nations like Pakistan, where small ruminant products are crucial for long-term livelihoods, the infection has a significant economic impact. Goats are known to be more sensitive to the sickness than other animals. It's a highly contagious illness that affects tiny ruminants and has a high morbidity and fatality rate. The timing of infection, the spread of the virus, and the early identification of the disease all need to be better understood. Disease has an almost universal geographic spread. The PPRV is a virus that affects both domestic and wild ruminants. In Pakistan, PPR is diagnosed mostly by postmortem examination of clinical symptoms and lesions. Conjunctivitis and rhinotracheitis, stomatitis, gastroenteritis, and pneumonia are all caused by PPRV, a lymphotropic and epitheliotropic virus. Pathognomonic symptoms include necrotizing tonsils, fibrinohemorrhagic enteritis, proliferative interstitial pneumonia, supportiv bronchointerstitial pneumonia, multinucleated giant cells [syncytia], and cytoplasmic and/or nuclear eosinophilic inclusion bodies. The acute type, which is identical to rinderpest, is most commonly found in goats. A severe respiratory condition is a common symptom of PPR. The subacute type is more common in sheep, although it can also happen in goats. Immunization, isolation, transportation restriction, and hygienic slaughter and disinfection are all part of the control and preventive programme. Moreover, in addition to the issue of resistance to antibiotics, further research into antibiotics resistance and the development of new antibiotics can aid in enhanced therapeutic intervention. Reviewing existing preventative approaches and focusing on creating new strain-based or recombinant vaccines that target specific antigens is the most effective strategy to treat the illness internationally (capsular or cellular).
| Published in | Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 5) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13 |
| Page(s) | 111-127 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Peste Des Petit Ruminants, Morbillivirus, Epidemic Curve, Small Ruminants, Diagnosis, Control
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APA Style
Adnan Yousaf, Dad Muhammad Anwar, Mehtab Ahmed, Imran Qaiser, Rasheed Ahmed Rabbani, et al. (2023). Diagnosis and Control of Peste Des Petits (PPR) in Small Ruminants: A Comprehensive Review . Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 11(5), 111-127. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13
ACS Style
Adnan Yousaf; Dad Muhammad Anwar; Mehtab Ahmed; Imran Qaiser; Rasheed Ahmed Rabbani, et al. Diagnosis and Control of Peste Des Petits (PPR) in Small Ruminants: A Comprehensive Review . Anim. Vet. Sci. 2023, 11(5), 111-127. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13
AMA Style
Adnan Yousaf, Dad Muhammad Anwar, Mehtab Ahmed, Imran Qaiser, Rasheed Ahmed Rabbani, et al. Diagnosis and Control of Peste Des Petits (PPR) in Small Ruminants: A Comprehensive Review . Anim Vet Sci. 2023;11(5):111-127. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13
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Download@article{10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13,
author = {Adnan Yousaf and Dad Muhammad Anwar and Mehtab Ahmed and Imran Qaiser and Rasheed Ahmed Rabbani and Ajeet Sing Berjang and Lookesh Kumar and Faiza Habib},
title = {Diagnosis and Control of Peste Des Petits (PPR) in Small Ruminants: A Comprehensive Review
},
journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
volume = {11},
number = {5},
pages = {111-127},
doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20231105.13},
abstract = {PPR (Peste des petits ruminants) is a highly infectious serious infection that affects a lot of sheep and goats. In nations like Pakistan, where small ruminant products are crucial for long-term livelihoods, the infection has a significant economic impact. Goats are known to be more sensitive to the sickness than other animals. It's a highly contagious illness that affects tiny ruminants and has a high morbidity and fatality rate. The timing of infection, the spread of the virus, and the early identification of the disease all need to be better understood. Disease has an almost universal geographic spread. The PPRV is a virus that affects both domestic and wild ruminants. In Pakistan, PPR is diagnosed mostly by postmortem examination of clinical symptoms and lesions. Conjunctivitis and rhinotracheitis, stomatitis, gastroenteritis, and pneumonia are all caused by PPRV, a lymphotropic and epitheliotropic virus. Pathognomonic symptoms include necrotizing tonsils, fibrinohemorrhagic enteritis, proliferative interstitial pneumonia, supportiv bronchointerstitial pneumonia, multinucleated giant cells [syncytia], and cytoplasmic and/or nuclear eosinophilic inclusion bodies. The acute type, which is identical to rinderpest, is most commonly found in goats. A severe respiratory condition is a common symptom of PPR. The subacute type is more common in sheep, although it can also happen in goats. Immunization, isolation, transportation restriction, and hygienic slaughter and disinfection are all part of the control and preventive programme. Moreover, in addition to the issue of resistance to antibiotics, further research into antibiotics resistance and the development of new antibiotics can aid in enhanced therapeutic intervention. Reviewing existing preventative approaches and focusing on creating new strain-based or recombinant vaccines that target specific antigens is the most effective strategy to treat the illness internationally (capsular or cellular).
},
year = {2023}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Diagnosis and Control of Peste Des Petits (PPR) in Small Ruminants: A Comprehensive Review AU - Adnan Yousaf AU - Dad Muhammad Anwar AU - Mehtab Ahmed AU - Imran Qaiser AU - Rasheed Ahmed Rabbani AU - Ajeet Sing Berjang AU - Lookesh Kumar AU - Faiza Habib Y1 - 2023/10/28 PY - 2023 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13 DO - 10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13 T2 - Animal and Veterinary Sciences JF - Animal and Veterinary Sciences JO - Animal and Veterinary Sciences SP - 111 EP - 127 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-5850 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13 AB - PPR (Peste des petits ruminants) is a highly infectious serious infection that affects a lot of sheep and goats. In nations like Pakistan, where small ruminant products are crucial for long-term livelihoods, the infection has a significant economic impact. Goats are known to be more sensitive to the sickness than other animals. It's a highly contagious illness that affects tiny ruminants and has a high morbidity and fatality rate. The timing of infection, the spread of the virus, and the early identification of the disease all need to be better understood. Disease has an almost universal geographic spread. The PPRV is a virus that affects both domestic and wild ruminants. In Pakistan, PPR is diagnosed mostly by postmortem examination of clinical symptoms and lesions. Conjunctivitis and rhinotracheitis, stomatitis, gastroenteritis, and pneumonia are all caused by PPRV, a lymphotropic and epitheliotropic virus. Pathognomonic symptoms include necrotizing tonsils, fibrinohemorrhagic enteritis, proliferative interstitial pneumonia, supportiv bronchointerstitial pneumonia, multinucleated giant cells [syncytia], and cytoplasmic and/or nuclear eosinophilic inclusion bodies. The acute type, which is identical to rinderpest, is most commonly found in goats. A severe respiratory condition is a common symptom of PPR. The subacute type is more common in sheep, although it can also happen in goats. Immunization, isolation, transportation restriction, and hygienic slaughter and disinfection are all part of the control and preventive programme. Moreover, in addition to the issue of resistance to antibiotics, further research into antibiotics resistance and the development of new antibiotics can aid in enhanced therapeutic intervention. Reviewing existing preventative approaches and focusing on creating new strain-based or recombinant vaccines that target specific antigens is the most effective strategy to treat the illness internationally (capsular or cellular). VL - 11 IS - 5 ER -
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