Exacerbation of Streptococcus Equi (Strangles) by Overly Nutritious Diets in Horses: A Model for Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Horses and Other Livestock

Thomas Walter Swerczek

doi:doi:10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13

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Exacerbation of Streptococcus Equi (Strangles) by Overly Nutritious Diets in Horses: A Model for Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Horses and Other Livestock

Thomas Walter Swerczek

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 1)

Received: 1 February 2019 Accepted: 8 March 2019 Published: 29 March 2019

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Abstract

Strangles is a highly pathogenic and contagious infection of horses and other equids caused by Streptococcus equi. Reports in the literature summarize the severe complications of strangles, but provide little information on the factors enhancing the pathogenicity and complications that result in high mortalities. However, there are reports suggesting exceptionally nutritious diets will exacerbate strangles infections and promote complications, including bacteremia and metastases to lymph nodes throughout the body and sequalae like purpura hemorrhagic and myositis. Dietary ingredients may enhance S. equi capsular polysaccharide (CPS) which protects bacteria from the immune system and phagocytosis. Low-virulent bacteria may become highly virulent pathogenic bacteria. Overly nutritious diets enhance the pathogenicity of S. equi and efficiency of bacterins, vaccines and antibiotics intended for controlling and treating strangles in horses. The effect of diet on the pathogenesis of S. equi in horses may be an ideal model for other bacterial diseases of horses as well as bacterial diseases like Pasturella multocida respiratory infections in cattle and other livestock.

Published in	Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13
Page(s)	18-23
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Strangles, Streptococcus Equi, Complications, Sequalae, Overly Nutritious Diets

References

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APA Style

Thomas Walter Swerczek. (2019). Exacerbation of Streptococcus Equi (Strangles) by Overly Nutritious Diets in Horses: A Model for Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Horses and Other Livestock. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 7(1), 18-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13

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ACS Style

Thomas Walter Swerczek. Exacerbation of Streptococcus Equi (Strangles) by Overly Nutritious Diets in Horses: A Model for Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Horses and Other Livestock. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2019, 7(1), 18-23. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13

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AMA Style

Thomas Walter Swerczek. Exacerbation of Streptococcus Equi (Strangles) by Overly Nutritious Diets in Horses: A Model for Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Horses and Other Livestock. Anim Vet Sci. 2019;7(1):18-23. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13,
  author = {Thomas Walter Swerczek},
  title = {Exacerbation of Streptococcus Equi (Strangles) by Overly Nutritious Diets in Horses: A Model for Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Horses and Other Livestock},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {18-23},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20190701.13},
  abstract = {Strangles is a highly pathogenic and contagious infection of horses and other equids caused by Streptococcus equi. Reports in the literature summarize the severe complications of strangles, but provide little information on the factors enhancing the pathogenicity and complications that result in high mortalities. However, there are reports suggesting exceptionally nutritious diets will exacerbate strangles infections and promote complications, including bacteremia and metastases to lymph nodes throughout the body and sequalae like purpura hemorrhagic and myositis. Dietary ingredients may enhance S. equi capsular polysaccharide (CPS) which protects bacteria from the immune system and phagocytosis. Low-virulent bacteria may become highly virulent pathogenic bacteria. Overly nutritious diets enhance the pathogenicity of S. equi and efficiency of bacterins, vaccines and antibiotics intended for controlling and treating strangles in horses.  The effect of diet on the pathogenesis of S. equi in horses may be an ideal model for other bacterial diseases of horses as well as bacterial diseases like Pasturella multocida respiratory infections in cattle and other livestock.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Exacerbation of Streptococcus Equi (Strangles) by Overly Nutritious Diets in Horses: A Model for Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Horses and Other Livestock
AU - Thomas Walter Swerczek
Y1 - 2019/03/29
PY - 2019
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13
DO - 10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13
T2 - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP - 18
EP - 23
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-5850
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13
AB - Strangles is a highly pathogenic and contagious infection of horses and other equids caused by Streptococcus equi. Reports in the literature summarize the severe complications of strangles, but provide little information on the factors enhancing the pathogenicity and complications that result in high mortalities. However, there are reports suggesting exceptionally nutritious diets will exacerbate strangles infections and promote complications, including bacteremia and metastases to lymph nodes throughout the body and sequalae like purpura hemorrhagic and myositis. Dietary ingredients may enhance S. equi capsular polysaccharide (CPS) which protects bacteria from the immune system and phagocytosis. Low-virulent bacteria may become highly virulent pathogenic bacteria. Overly nutritious diets enhance the pathogenicity of S. equi and efficiency of bacterins, vaccines and antibiotics intended for controlling and treating strangles in horses. The effect of diet on the pathogenesis of S. equi in horses may be an ideal model for other bacterial diseases of horses as well as bacterial diseases like Pasturella multocida respiratory infections in cattle and other livestock.
VL - 7
IS - 1
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Author Information

Thomas Walter Swerczek

Department of Veterinary Science, 108 Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA

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APA Style

Thomas Walter Swerczek. (2019). Exacerbation of Streptococcus Equi (Strangles) by Overly Nutritious Diets in Horses: A Model for Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Horses and Other Livestock. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 7(1), 18-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13

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ACS Style

Thomas Walter Swerczek. Exacerbation of Streptococcus Equi (Strangles) by Overly Nutritious Diets in Horses: A Model for Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Horses and Other Livestock. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2019, 7(1), 18-23. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13

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AMA Style

Thomas Walter Swerczek. Exacerbation of Streptococcus Equi (Strangles) by Overly Nutritious Diets in Horses: A Model for Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Horses and Other Livestock. Anim Vet Sci. 2019;7(1):18-23. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13,
  author = {Thomas Walter Swerczek},
  title = {Exacerbation of Streptococcus Equi (Strangles) by Overly Nutritious Diets in Horses: A Model for Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Horses and Other Livestock},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {18-23},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20190701.13},
  abstract = {Strangles is a highly pathogenic and contagious infection of horses and other equids caused by Streptococcus equi. Reports in the literature summarize the severe complications of strangles, but provide little information on the factors enhancing the pathogenicity and complications that result in high mortalities. However, there are reports suggesting exceptionally nutritious diets will exacerbate strangles infections and promote complications, including bacteremia and metastases to lymph nodes throughout the body and sequalae like purpura hemorrhagic and myositis. Dietary ingredients may enhance S. equi capsular polysaccharide (CPS) which protects bacteria from the immune system and phagocytosis. Low-virulent bacteria may become highly virulent pathogenic bacteria. Overly nutritious diets enhance the pathogenicity of S. equi and efficiency of bacterins, vaccines and antibiotics intended for controlling and treating strangles in horses.  The effect of diet on the pathogenesis of S. equi in horses may be an ideal model for other bacterial diseases of horses as well as bacterial diseases like Pasturella multocida respiratory infections in cattle and other livestock.},
 year = {2019}
}

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