Effect of Soaked and Fermented African Locust Bean Seeds Meal on the Performance, Organs and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens

Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa; Samson Olabanji Ogundipe; Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe; Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi; Muhammad Rabiu Hassan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12

Effect of Soaked and Fermented African Locust Bean Seeds Meal on the Performance, Organs and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens

Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa, Samson Olabanji Ogundipe, Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe, Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi, Muhammad Rabiu Hassan

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 1)

Received: 5 January 2017 Accepted: 14 January 2017 Published: 22 February 2017

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Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the performance, organs weights and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed diets containing soaked and fermented African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) seed meal (SFALBSM). Five diets were formulated in which SFLSBM was included in the diets broilers at graded levels of 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 and 30% designated as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Two hundred and twenty five (225) broiler chickens (Marshall Strain) were fed these diets in a completely randomized design (CRD). Each treatment was replicated three times with 15 birds per replicate having forty five birds (45) per treatment. The experiment lasted 8weeks (4weeks for starter phase and 4week for finisher phase). At the end of the experiment, carcass analysis was carried out in which three birds were slaughtered from each replication. The results of performance at starter phase showed were significant differences (P<0.05) in the final body weight (734.25-919.89g), total weight gain (679.13–898.31g) and total feed intake (1572.39-1708.56g). The feed conversion ratio (1.87-2.31) were significantly (P<0.05) better for 15% SFALBSM diet compared to others. The results of performance of birds at finisher phase also showed there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the final body weights (2312.73-2786.14g), total feed intake (4287.73-4373.88g), feed conversion ratio(3.05 -4.55) and feed cost per kilogram gain (N222.33–316.70). Broilers fed 15% SFALBSM had significantly higher (P<0.05) in weights compared to others (2786.14g). The values for carcass weight and dressing percentage were also significantly (P<0.05) higher for broilers fed 15% SFALBSM diet (1930.24 and 73.98% respectively). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in breast muscle (17.35%-21.97%), drum stick (10.74-11.60%) and thigh muscles (11.63-13.38%). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the heart (0.49-0.50%), lungs (0.50–0.70%), liver (1.93-2.50%), pancreas (0.20–0.32%) and kidney weights (0.28-0.38%). Feed conversion ratio and feed cost per kilogram gain were better in broiler chickens fed 15% SFALBSM diets (3.26 and 222.33 N/kg gain respectively) compared to others. It was therefore concluded that soaked and fermented African locust bean seeds can be included in the diet of broiler chickens up to 15% without any detrimental effect on performance, carcass and organs weights.

Published in	Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12
Page(s)	8-14
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

African Locust Bean Seed, Soaking and Fermentation, Broiler Chickens, Performance and Carcass Characteristics

References

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[2]	Kehinde. A. S., Babatude, T. O., Ayoola, O. A. and Temowo, O. O. Effect of different level of protein on the growth performance characteristics of broiler chicks. In: proceeding 31^st Annual Conference of the Nigerian Society for Animal Production, 12th-15th March, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria, 2006, pp 325–237.
[3]	Longe, O. G. Poultry: Treasure in chest, an inaugural lecture delivered at University of Ibadan Nigeria, 2006, 1-10.
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[5]	Oyawoye, E. O. Rabbit production as a means of supplying cheap animal protein in Nigeria. Nigerian Livestock Farmers 9, 1989, 11-14.
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[7]	Bamgbose, A. M., Ogunbero, S. D., Obasohan, E. E., Aruna, A. M., Oleku, L. T. and Igene, U. F.. Replacement value of maize offal /Cashew nut for maize in the diet of broilers In: proceeding of 29^th annual conference of the Nigerian Society for Animal Production, 2004, 219-221.
[8]	Uzegbu, H. O., Ndekekwute, E. K. and Abdu, L. Effect of inclusion of Bambara ground nut (Voandezea subteranemea) waste meal on metabolizable energy and protein of broiler chickens. In: Proceeding of the 41st Annual Conference of Agricultural Society of Nigeria, 2007, 348-352.
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[10]	Adebowale, K. O. and Lawal, O. S. Comparative study of the functional properties of Bambara groundnut (Voudzea subterranean), Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) and Mucuna bean (Mucuna pruperien). Food Research International, 37, 2004,: 355-365.
[11]	Vijayakumari, K., Siddhuraju, P. and Janardhanan, Effect of domestic processing on level of certain anti-nutrients in Prosopis chilensis (Molina) stuntz seeds. Food Chemistry Journal 59 (3), 1997, 367–371.
[12]	Dike, E. N. and Odunfa, S. A. Microbiology and biochemical evaluation of fermented soya bean products. (Soya dawadawa). Journal of Food Science Technology, 40, 2003, 606-610.
[13]	Oyenuga, V. A. Nigeria’s food and feeding stuffs, Ibadan, 1^st edition, University press. Ibadan. Nigeria, 1968, 50-54.
[14]	Campbell-platt, G. African locust bean and its West African fermented seeds in Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 34 1980). 189-192.
[15]	Olomu, J. M.. Monogastric Animal Nutrition; Principles and Practice. 2^nd Edition University of Benin, Jackson publishers. Nigeria, 2011, 160-165.
[16]	Olofin, E. A., Nabegu, A. B. and Dambazau, A. M. Wudil within Kano region; A geographical synthesis, 1st edition, Adamu joji publishers. Kano State, Nigeria, 2008, pp. 134-138.
[17]	A. O. A. C. Official Methods of Analysis, Association of official Analytical Chemist, Washington DC., 1990, Pp 423-858.
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[19]	Walter, E., Collin, E., Philips, R. and Goodrich, M. V. Understanding Agricultural waste recycling, Technical Review, 1984, 84.
[20]	Ologhobo, A. D., Apata, D. F., Oyeyide, A. and Akinpelu, R. O. A comparison of protein fractions prepared from Limaneans (phaseolus luntus) in starter diets for broiler chicks. Journal. Applied. Animal Research. 4:,1993,13-30.
[21]	Odebunmi, E. O., Oluwaniyi, O. O., Bashiru, M. O., Comparative proximate Analysis of some Food Condiments. Journal of Applied Sci. Res., 6, 2010, 272-274.
[22]	Simovic, R.; Summers, J. D. and Bilanski, W. K. Heat treatment of full fat soybean Canadian Journal of Animal Science 52: 1972, 183-188.
[23]	Williams, B. A., Verstagen, M. W. A., and Tamminga, S. Fermentation in the Large Intestine of Single-stomached Animals and its Relationship to Animal Health. Nutri. Res., Rev.,14: 2001,207-228
[24]	Amaefule, K. U. and Obioha, F. C. Performance and nutrient utilization of broiler starters fed diets containing raw boiled or dehulled pigeon pea seeds (Cajanus cajan) Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 28 (1), 2001,31-39.
[25]	Lakurbe, O. A., Madu,, H. K., Begel, B. J. and Mohammed, F. Effect of Feeding Fermented African Locust Bean (Parkia Biglobosa) Fruit Pulps Based Diets On Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics Of Broiler Chickens, Researchjournali’s Journal of Agriculture, 2 (12), 2015
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[29]	Akinmutimi, A. H. Evaluation of sword bean (Canavalia gladiate) as an alternative resource for broiler chicken. A Ph. D Thesis College of Animal Science and Health, Micheal Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, 2004, 74-100.

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Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa, Samson Olabanji Ogundipe, Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe, Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi, Muhammad Rabiu Hassan. (2017). Effect of Soaked and Fermented African Locust Bean Seeds Meal on the Performance, Organs and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 5(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12

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ACS Style

Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa; Samson Olabanji Ogundipe; Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe; Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi; Muhammad Rabiu Hassan. Effect of Soaked and Fermented African Locust Bean Seeds Meal on the Performance, Organs and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2017, 5(1), 8-14. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12

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Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa, Samson Olabanji Ogundipe, Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe, Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi, Muhammad Rabiu Hassan. Effect of Soaked and Fermented African Locust Bean Seeds Meal on the Performance, Organs and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens. Anim Vet Sci. 2017;5(1):8-14. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12,
  author = {Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa and Samson Olabanji Ogundipe and Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe and Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi and Muhammad Rabiu Hassan},
  title = {Effect of Soaked and Fermented African Locust Bean Seeds Meal on the Performance, Organs and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-14},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20170501.12},
  abstract = {This research was conducted to determine the performance, organs weights and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed diets containing soaked and fermented African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) seed meal (SFALBSM). Five diets were formulated in which SFLSBM was included in the diets broilers at graded levels of 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 and 30% designated as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Two hundred and twenty five (225) broiler chickens (Marshall Strain) were fed these diets in a completely randomized design (CRD). Each treatment was replicated three times with 15 birds per replicate having forty five birds (45) per treatment. The experiment lasted 8weeks (4weeks for starter phase and 4week for finisher phase). At the end of the experiment, carcass analysis was carried out in which three birds were slaughtered from each replication. The results of performance at starter phase showed were significant differences (P<0.05) in the final body weight (734.25-919.89g), total weight gain (679.13–898.31g) and total feed intake (1572.39-1708.56g). The feed conversion ratio (1.87-2.31) were significantly (P<0.05) better for 15% SFALBSM diet compared to others. The results of performance of birds at finisher phase also showed there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the final body weights (2312.73-2786.14g), total feed intake (4287.73-4373.88g), feed conversion ratio(3.05 -4.55) and feed cost per kilogram gain (N222.33–316.70). Broilers fed 15% SFALBSM had significantly higher (P<0.05) in weights compared to others (2786.14g). The values for carcass weight and dressing percentage were also significantly (P<0.05) higher for broilers fed 15% SFALBSM diet (1930.24 and 73.98% respectively). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in breast muscle (17.35%-21.97%), drum stick (10.74-11.60%) and thigh muscles (11.63-13.38%). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the heart (0.49-0.50%), lungs (0.50–0.70%), liver (1.93-2.50%), pancreas (0.20–0.32%) and kidney weights (0.28-0.38%). Feed conversion ratio and feed cost per kilogram gain were better in broiler chickens fed 15% SFALBSM diets (3.26 and 222.33 N/kg gain respectively) compared to others. It was therefore concluded that soaked and fermented African locust bean seeds can be included in the diet of broiler chickens up to 15% without any detrimental effect on performance, carcass and organs weights.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Soaked and Fermented African Locust Bean Seeds Meal on the Performance, Organs and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens
AU  - Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa
AU  - Samson Olabanji Ogundipe
AU  - Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe
AU  - Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi
AU  - Muhammad Rabiu Hassan
Y1  - 2017/02/22
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 8
EP  - 14
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12
AB  - This research was conducted to determine the performance, organs weights and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed diets containing soaked and fermented African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) seed meal (SFALBSM). Five diets were formulated in which SFLSBM was included in the diets broilers at graded levels of 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 and 30% designated as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Two hundred and twenty five (225) broiler chickens (Marshall Strain) were fed these diets in a completely randomized design (CRD). Each treatment was replicated three times with 15 birds per replicate having forty five birds (45) per treatment. The experiment lasted 8weeks (4weeks for starter phase and 4week for finisher phase). At the end of the experiment, carcass analysis was carried out in which three birds were slaughtered from each replication. The results of performance at starter phase showed were significant differences (P<0.05) in the final body weight (734.25-919.89g), total weight gain (679.13–898.31g) and total feed intake (1572.39-1708.56g). The feed conversion ratio (1.87-2.31) were significantly (P<0.05) better for 15% SFALBSM diet compared to others. The results of performance of birds at finisher phase also showed there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the final body weights (2312.73-2786.14g), total feed intake (4287.73-4373.88g), feed conversion ratio(3.05 -4.55) and feed cost per kilogram gain (N222.33–316.70). Broilers fed 15% SFALBSM had significantly higher (P<0.05) in weights compared to others (2786.14g). The values for carcass weight and dressing percentage were also significantly (P<0.05) higher for broilers fed 15% SFALBSM diet (1930.24 and 73.98% respectively). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in breast muscle (17.35%-21.97%), drum stick (10.74-11.60%) and thigh muscles (11.63-13.38%). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the heart (0.49-0.50%), lungs (0.50–0.70%), liver (1.93-2.50%), pancreas (0.20–0.32%) and kidney weights (0.28-0.38%). Feed conversion ratio and feed cost per kilogram gain were better in broiler chickens fed 15% SFALBSM diets (3.26 and 222.33 N/kg gain respectively) compared to others. It was therefore concluded that soaked and fermented African locust bean seeds can be included in the diet of broiler chickens up to 15% without any detrimental effect on performance, carcass and organs weights.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa

Animal Science Department, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria
Samson Olabanji Ogundipe

Animal Science Department, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Samaru, Nigeria
Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe

Animal Science Department, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Samaru, Nigeria
Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi

Animal Science Department, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Samaru, Nigeria
Muhammad Rabiu Hassan

Animal Science Department, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Samaru, Nigeria

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Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa, Samson Olabanji Ogundipe, Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe, Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi, Muhammad Rabiu Hassan. (2017). Effect of Soaked and Fermented African Locust Bean Seeds Meal on the Performance, Organs and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 5(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12

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ACS Style

Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa; Samson Olabanji Ogundipe; Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe; Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi; Muhammad Rabiu Hassan. Effect of Soaked and Fermented African Locust Bean Seeds Meal on the Performance, Organs and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2017, 5(1), 8-14. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12

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AMA Style

Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa, Samson Olabanji Ogundipe, Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe, Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi, Muhammad Rabiu Hassan. Effect of Soaked and Fermented African Locust Bean Seeds Meal on the Performance, Organs and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens. Anim Vet Sci. 2017;5(1):8-14. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12,
  author = {Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa and Samson Olabanji Ogundipe and Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe and Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi and Muhammad Rabiu Hassan},
  title = {Effect of Soaked and Fermented African Locust Bean Seeds Meal on the Performance, Organs and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-14},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20170501.12},
  abstract = {This research was conducted to determine the performance, organs weights and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed diets containing soaked and fermented African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) seed meal (SFALBSM). Five diets were formulated in which SFLSBM was included in the diets broilers at graded levels of 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 and 30% designated as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Two hundred and twenty five (225) broiler chickens (Marshall Strain) were fed these diets in a completely randomized design (CRD). Each treatment was replicated three times with 15 birds per replicate having forty five birds (45) per treatment. The experiment lasted 8weeks (4weeks for starter phase and 4week for finisher phase). At the end of the experiment, carcass analysis was carried out in which three birds were slaughtered from each replication. The results of performance at starter phase showed were significant differences (P<0.05) in the final body weight (734.25-919.89g), total weight gain (679.13–898.31g) and total feed intake (1572.39-1708.56g). The feed conversion ratio (1.87-2.31) were significantly (P<0.05) better for 15% SFALBSM diet compared to others. The results of performance of birds at finisher phase also showed there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the final body weights (2312.73-2786.14g), total feed intake (4287.73-4373.88g), feed conversion ratio(3.05 -4.55) and feed cost per kilogram gain (N222.33–316.70). Broilers fed 15% SFALBSM had significantly higher (P<0.05) in weights compared to others (2786.14g). The values for carcass weight and dressing percentage were also significantly (P<0.05) higher for broilers fed 15% SFALBSM diet (1930.24 and 73.98% respectively). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in breast muscle (17.35%-21.97%), drum stick (10.74-11.60%) and thigh muscles (11.63-13.38%). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the heart (0.49-0.50%), lungs (0.50–0.70%), liver (1.93-2.50%), pancreas (0.20–0.32%) and kidney weights (0.28-0.38%). Feed conversion ratio and feed cost per kilogram gain were better in broiler chickens fed 15% SFALBSM diets (3.26 and 222.33 N/kg gain respectively) compared to others. It was therefore concluded that soaked and fermented African locust bean seeds can be included in the diet of broiler chickens up to 15% without any detrimental effect on performance, carcass and organs weights.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Soaked and Fermented African Locust Bean Seeds Meal on the Performance, Organs and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens
AU  - Mu’azu Shu’aibu. Tamburawa
AU  - Samson Olabanji Ogundipe
AU  - Titus Samuel BabatundeTegbe
AU  - Taiye Sunday. Olugbemi
AU  - Muhammad Rabiu Hassan
Y1  - 2017/02/22
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 8
EP  - 14
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20170501.12
AB  - This research was conducted to determine the performance, organs weights and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed diets containing soaked and fermented African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) seed meal (SFALBSM). Five diets were formulated in which SFLSBM was included in the diets broilers at graded levels of 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 and 30% designated as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Two hundred and twenty five (225) broiler chickens (Marshall Strain) were fed these diets in a completely randomized design (CRD). Each treatment was replicated three times with 15 birds per replicate having forty five birds (45) per treatment. The experiment lasted 8weeks (4weeks for starter phase and 4week for finisher phase). At the end of the experiment, carcass analysis was carried out in which three birds were slaughtered from each replication. The results of performance at starter phase showed were significant differences (P<0.05) in the final body weight (734.25-919.89g), total weight gain (679.13–898.31g) and total feed intake (1572.39-1708.56g). The feed conversion ratio (1.87-2.31) were significantly (P<0.05) better for 15% SFALBSM diet compared to others. The results of performance of birds at finisher phase also showed there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the final body weights (2312.73-2786.14g), total feed intake (4287.73-4373.88g), feed conversion ratio(3.05 -4.55) and feed cost per kilogram gain (N222.33–316.70). Broilers fed 15% SFALBSM had significantly higher (P<0.05) in weights compared to others (2786.14g). The values for carcass weight and dressing percentage were also significantly (P<0.05) higher for broilers fed 15% SFALBSM diet (1930.24 and 73.98% respectively). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in breast muscle (17.35%-21.97%), drum stick (10.74-11.60%) and thigh muscles (11.63-13.38%). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the heart (0.49-0.50%), lungs (0.50–0.70%), liver (1.93-2.50%), pancreas (0.20–0.32%) and kidney weights (0.28-0.38%). Feed conversion ratio and feed cost per kilogram gain were better in broiler chickens fed 15% SFALBSM diets (3.26 and 222.33 N/kg gain respectively) compared to others. It was therefore concluded that soaked and fermented African locust bean seeds can be included in the diet of broiler chickens up to 15% without any detrimental effect on performance, carcass and organs weights.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

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