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Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing

Received: 8 March 2023     Accepted: 27 March 2023     Published: 15 April 2023
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Abstract

An 3D printing is a popular additive manufacturing tool that attracts attention from many sectors and direct slurry writing (DSW) printing is a suitable technique for creating functional ceramic material. This study investigates the suitable formula with various additives and binders and the process conditions that influence DSW printing quality. To combine the unique properties of PVP and PEG binders and attapulgite, various ceramic slurry formulas of attapulgite and TiO2 mixture were prepared for direct slurry writing (DSW) printing. Establishing both qualitative and quantitative assessments on the rheological outcomes, the ceramic slurry formula, printing parameter, drying, and sintering conditions, and the binder ratio for ceramic slurries was optimized. The results showed that the most optimal ratio for ceramic slurries is with 10% PVP or 5% PEG binder and the optimal attapulgite:TiO2 ratio is 1:1, which the slurry showed no cracking or deformation when air dried, as well as no collapse and cracking after 900 C sintering. The optimized printing parameters for attapulgite-based ceramic slurry printing layer heights of 0.8 mm, the printing pressure of 0.10 MPa, and the printing speed at 20 mm/S. XRD confirmed that TiO2 is a rutile phase. The stable and less active rutile phase of TiO2 as a photocatalyst is confirmed by the inhibition zone test and growth inhibition assay. SEM results further showed agglomeration of TiO2 after high-temperature sintering. This study lays a foundation for the attapulgite application in DSW printing to take advantage of its large specific surface areas.

Published in American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11
Page(s) 71-80
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Nano TiO2, 3D Printing, Ceramics Direct Slurry Writing DSW, Antibacterial, Mechanic Strengthening

References
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[6] Mahmoudi M, Wang C, Moreno S, et al. (2020). Three-Dimensional Printing of Ceramics through "Carving" a Gel and "Filling in" the Precursor Polymer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 12 (28), 31984-31991, doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c08260.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Zhining Xu, Hairong Zhang, Ben Yao, Jianan Liu, Liang Yang, et al. (2023). Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing. American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, 8(2), 71-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11

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    ACS Style

    Zhining Xu; Hairong Zhang; Ben Yao; Jianan Liu; Liang Yang, et al. Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing. Am. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2023, 8(2), 71-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11

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    AMA Style

    Zhining Xu, Hairong Zhang, Ben Yao, Jianan Liu, Liang Yang, et al. Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing. Am J Sci Eng Technol. 2023;8(2):71-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11,
      author = {Zhining Xu and Hairong Zhang and Ben Yao and Jianan Liu and Liang Yang and Jianping Shang and Jingyuan Fan and Lizhi Ouyang and Hua-Jun Shawn Fan},
      title = {Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing},
      journal = {American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology},
      volume = {8},
      number = {2},
      pages = {71-80},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajset.20230802.11},
      abstract = {An 3D printing is a popular additive manufacturing tool that attracts attention from many sectors and direct slurry writing (DSW) printing is a suitable technique for creating functional ceramic material. This study investigates the suitable formula with various additives and binders and the process conditions that influence DSW printing quality. To combine the unique properties of PVP and PEG binders and attapulgite, various ceramic slurry formulas of attapulgite and TiO2 mixture were prepared for direct slurry writing (DSW) printing. Establishing both qualitative and quantitative assessments on the rheological outcomes, the ceramic slurry formula, printing parameter, drying, and sintering conditions, and the binder ratio for ceramic slurries was optimized. The results showed that the most optimal ratio for ceramic slurries is with 10% PVP or 5% PEG binder and the optimal attapulgite:TiO2 ratio is 1:1, which the slurry showed no cracking or deformation when air dried, as well as no collapse and cracking after 900 C sintering. The optimized printing parameters for attapulgite-based ceramic slurry printing layer heights of 0.8 mm, the printing pressure of 0.10 MPa, and the printing speed at 20 mm/S. XRD confirmed that TiO2 is a rutile phase. The stable and less active rutile phase of TiO2 as a photocatalyst is confirmed by the inhibition zone test and growth inhibition assay. SEM results further showed agglomeration of TiO2 after high-temperature sintering. This study lays a foundation for the attapulgite application in DSW printing to take advantage of its large specific surface areas.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing
    AU  - Zhining Xu
    AU  - Hairong Zhang
    AU  - Ben Yao
    AU  - Jianan Liu
    AU  - Liang Yang
    AU  - Jianping Shang
    AU  - Jingyuan Fan
    AU  - Lizhi Ouyang
    AU  - Hua-Jun Shawn Fan
    Y1  - 2023/04/15
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11
    T2  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
    JF  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
    JO  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
    SP  - 71
    EP  - 80
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-8353
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11
    AB  - An 3D printing is a popular additive manufacturing tool that attracts attention from many sectors and direct slurry writing (DSW) printing is a suitable technique for creating functional ceramic material. This study investigates the suitable formula with various additives and binders and the process conditions that influence DSW printing quality. To combine the unique properties of PVP and PEG binders and attapulgite, various ceramic slurry formulas of attapulgite and TiO2 mixture were prepared for direct slurry writing (DSW) printing. Establishing both qualitative and quantitative assessments on the rheological outcomes, the ceramic slurry formula, printing parameter, drying, and sintering conditions, and the binder ratio for ceramic slurries was optimized. The results showed that the most optimal ratio for ceramic slurries is with 10% PVP or 5% PEG binder and the optimal attapulgite:TiO2 ratio is 1:1, which the slurry showed no cracking or deformation when air dried, as well as no collapse and cracking after 900 C sintering. The optimized printing parameters for attapulgite-based ceramic slurry printing layer heights of 0.8 mm, the printing pressure of 0.10 MPa, and the printing speed at 20 mm/S. XRD confirmed that TiO2 is a rutile phase. The stable and less active rutile phase of TiO2 as a photocatalyst is confirmed by the inhibition zone test and growth inhibition assay. SEM results further showed agglomeration of TiO2 after high-temperature sintering. This study lays a foundation for the attapulgite application in DSW printing to take advantage of its large specific surface areas.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China

  • College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China

  • College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China

  • College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China

  • College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China

  • College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China

  • Carnegie Vanguard High School, Houston, USA

  • Department of Physics and Mathematics, Tennessee State University, Nashville, USA

  • College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China

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