This study is focused on land use and land cover dynamics observed in Central River Region. It aims to determine the direction and rate of change in land use as a means of assessing the impact of climate change in Central River Region (CRR) of The Gambia. Decadal satellite images were used to measure changes in land use and land cover from 1984 to 2017 using supervised classification. Eight land use and land cover types were identified and mapped in this study namely: Crop lands, Gambia River, Halophytic vegetation, Irrigated crops, Mangrove, Settlement, Shrub/Wood savanna and Wooded savanna. The areas of crop lands, halophytic vegetation and settlement expanded between 1984 and 2017. River Gambia, irrigated crops, mangrove, shrub/wood savanna and wooded savanna areas decreased during the same period. Transition to less savanna was higher than transition to more settlement. In addition, physicochemical parameters were analyzed during the rainy and dry seasons for correlation with climate data. Socioeconomic surveys based on structured questionnaires were also conducted with 70 households in 6 villages in CRR. Land clearing for agriculture, tree cutting for firewood and charcoal, settlement and livestock grazing were mainly cited by the respondents as the main culprit inducing land cover change in CRR. This study shows that deforestation and forest degradation are still in progress despite the implementation of a management plan for a full rotation. We therefore proposed best management practices in order to control the agricultural clearing of land in the region such as agricultural intensification and soil fertility improvement.
| Published in | American Journal of Modern Energy (Volume 5, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajme.20190502.11 |
| Page(s) | 5-18 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Satellite Images, Land Use Land Cover, CRR, Supervised Classification, Vegetation
| [1] | Yeshaneh, E., Wagner, W., Exner-Kittridge, M., Legesse, D., & Blöschl, G. (2013). Identifying Land Use/Cover Dynamics in the Koga Catchment, Ethiopia, from Multi-Scale Data, and Implications for Environmental Change. International Journal of Geo-Information, 2, 302-323. |
| [2] | Kadeba, A., Nacoulma, B. M. I., Ouedraogo, A., Bachmann, Y., Thiombiano, A., Schmidt, M., & Boussim, J. I. (2015). Land cover change and plants diversity in the Sahel: A case study from northern Burkina Faso. Annals of Forest Research, 58 (1), 109-123. |
| [3] | Nacoulma, B. M. I., Schumann, K., Traoré, S., Marcus, B. R., Karen, H., Rudiger, W., & Thiombiano, A. (2011). Impacts of land-use on West Africa savanna vegetation: a comparison between protected and communal area in Burkina Faso. Biodiversity and Conservation. Doi: Springer [DOI 10.1007/s 10531-011-0114-0]. |
| [4] | Mayaux, P., Pekel, J.-F., Desclée, B., Donnay, F., Lupi, A., Achard, F., Nasi, R. (2013). State and evolution of the African rainforests between 1990 and 2010. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 368 (1625), 20120300. |
| [5] | Le, Q. B., Parkb, S. J., Vlek, P. L. G., & Cremersc, A. B. (2008). Land-Use Dynamic Simulator (LUDAS): A multi-agent system model for simulating spatio-temporal dynamics of 123 coupled human–landscape system. I. Structure and theoretical specification. Ecological I nformatics 3, 1 3 5 – 1 5 3. |
| [6] | Meshesha, D. T., Tsunekawa, A., & Tsubo, M. (2010). Continuing land degradation: cause-effects in Ethiopia’s central rift valley. Land Degradation & Development. Doi: 10.1002/Idr.1061 |
| [7] | Agarwal, C., Green, G. M., Grove, J. M., Evans, T. P. & Schweik, C. M. (2002). A review and assessment of land-use change models: dynamics of space, time, and human choice. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, Newton Square, US. |
| [8] | Turner II, B. L., Scole, D., Sanderson, S., Fischer, G., Fresco, L. & Leemans, R. (1995). Land-use and land-cover change. Science/Research Plan. IGBP Report No. 35 and HDP Report No. 7. International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme and the human dimensions of Global Environmental Change Programme. Stockholm and Geneva. |
| [9] | Lambin, E. F., Turner, B. L., Geist, H. J., Agbola, S. B., Angelsen, A., Bruce, J. W.,... Folke, C. (2001). The causes of land-use and land-cover change: moving beyond the myths. Global Environmental Change, 11 (4), 261-269. |
| [10] | Turner II, B. L., Moss, R. H. & Skole, D. I. (1993). Relating land use and global land-cover change: a proposal for IGBP-HDP Core project. IDBP report No. 24 and HDP report No. 5. |
| [11] | Ikpa, T. F., Debra, B. A., & Jande, J. A. (2009). Biodiversity conservation: why local inhabitants destroy habit in protected areas. Science World Journal, 4, 22–27. |
| [12] | Lambin, E. F., Geist, H. J., & Lepers, E. (2003). Dynamics of land use and land cover change in tropical regions. Annual Review of Environment and resources, 28: 205–241. Doi: 10.1146/annurev.energy.28.050302.105459 |
| [13] | Leemans, R., Lambin, E. F., McCalla, A., Nelson, J., Pingali, P. & Watson, B. (2003). Drivers of change in ecosystems and their services In: Mooney, H., Cropper, A. Reid, W. (Eds.) Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: A framework for Assessment. Island Press, Washington: DC., USA. |
| [14] | Geist, H. J., & Lambin, E. F. (2002). Proximate Causes and Underlying Driving Forces of Tropical Deforestation. BioScience, 52 (2), 143-150. |
| [15] | Ouedraogo, I., Tigabu, M., Savadogo, P., Compaore, H., Ode, P. C., & Ouadba, J. M. (2010). land cover change and its relation with population dynamics in burkina faso, West Africa. (2010). Land Degradation and Development.. Doi: 10.1002/ldr.981 www.interscience.wiley.com |
| [16] | Hosonuma, N., Herold, M., De Sy, V., De Fries, R. S., Brockhaus, M., Verchot, L., Romijn, E. (2012a). An assessment of deforestation and forest degradation drivers in developing countries. Environmental Research Letters, 7 (4), 044009. |
| [17] | Fox, J., & Vogler, J. B. (2005). Land-use and land-cover change in montane mainland Southeast Asia. Environmental Management, 36 (3), 394-403. |
| [18] | Braimoh, A. K. (2004a). Seasonal migration and land-use change in Ghana. Land Degradation & Development 15, 37–47. |
| [19] | Damnyag, L., Saastamoinen, O., Blay, D., Dwomohb, F. K., Anglaaere, L. C. N., & Pappinen, A. (2013). Sustaining protected areas: Identifying and controlling deforestation and forest degradation drivers in the Ankasa Conservation Area, Ghana. Biological Conservation 165, 86–94. |
| [20] | Norris, K., Asase, A., Collen, B., Gockowksi, J., Mason, J., Phalan, B., & Wade, A. (2010). Biodiversity in a forest-agriculture mosaic–The changing face of West African rainforests. Biological Conservation, 143 (10), 2341-2350. |
| [21] | Hansen, C. P., Lund, J. F., & Reue, T. (2009). Neither fast, nor easy: the prospect of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD) in Ghana. International Forestry Review, 4, 439-455. |
| [22] | Carr, D. L. (2004). Proximate population factors and deforestation in tropical agricultural frontiers. Population and environment, 25 (6), 585-612. |
| [23] | Foley, G., 1985. Woodfuel, deforestation and tree growing in the developing world. Energy Policy, 190–192. |
| [24] | Kouami, K., Yaovi, N., & Honan, A. (2009). Impact of charcoal production on woody plant species in West Africa: A case study in Togo. Scientific Research and Essay 4 (9), 881-893. |
| [25] | Arnold, M., Köhlin, G., & Person, R. (2005). Woodfuels, livelihoods and policy interventions: changing perspectives. World Development, 34 (n° 3), 496-511. |
| [26] | Karekezi, S. (2002). Poverty and energy in Africa – a brief review. Energy Policy, 30, 915–919. |
| [27] | Aguilar, R., Ghilardi, A., Vega, E., Skutsch, M., & Oyama, K. (2012). Sprouting productivity and allometric relationships of two oak species managed for traditional charcoal making in central Mexico.. Biomass Energy, 36, 193–207. |
| [28] | Nygård, R., Sawadogo, L., & Elfving, B. (2004). Wood-fuel yields in short-rotation coppice growth in the north Sudan savanna in Burkina Faso. For Ecol Manage, 189, 77–85. |
| [29] | Ribot, J. C. (1993). Forestry policy and charcoal production in Senegal. Energy Policy, 21, 543–585. |
| [30] | Chidumayo, E. N., & Gumbo, D. J. (2013). The environmental impacts of charcoal production in tropical ecosystems of the world: A synthesis. Energy for Sustainable Development, 17, 86-94. |
| [31] | Mwampamba, T. H. (2007). Has the woodfuel crisis returned? Urban charcoal consumption in Tanzania and its implications to present and future forest availability. Energy Policy, 35 (8), 4221-4234. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.02.010 |
| [32] | Luoga, E. J., Witkowski, E. T. F., & Balkwill, K. (2002). Harvested and standing wood stocks in protected and communal miombo woodlands of eastern Tanzania. For Ecol Manage, 164, 15–30. |
| [33] | Turner II, B. L., Clark, W. C., Kates, R. W., Richards, J. F., Mathews, J. T., & Meyer, W. B. (1990). The Earth As Transformed by Human Action: Global and Regional Changes in the Biosphere Over the Past 300 Years. UK: Cambridge University Press. |
| [34] | Goudie, S. A. (2006). The human impact on the natural environment: 6th edition. Blackwell Publishing, USA. |
| [35] | FAO. (2010). Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010: Final Report. FAO FORESTRY PAPER 163. Rome. |
| [36] | Personal communication, Ceesay Ansumana, Acting Principal Scientific Officer, Department of Water Resources, The Gambia (August 15, 2017). |
| [37] | Ceesay, A., Dibi, N. D. H., Njie, E., Wolff, M., & Koné, T. (2017). Mangrove Vegetation Dynamics of the Tanbi Wetland National Park in The Gambia, 5 (2), 145–160. http://doi.org/10.13189/eer.2017.050209 |
| [38] | Republic of The Gambia (2014). REPUBLIC OF THE GAMBIA THE FIFTH (5 th) NATIONAL REPORT TO THE CONVENTION OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, 1–66. |
| [39] | Gambia Bureau of Statistic (Gbos, 2013). The Gambia 2013 Population and Housing Census Preliminary Results Count , 102pp. |
| [40] | Yaffa, S. (2013). Loss and damage from drought in the North Bank Region of The Gambia. Loss and Damage in Vulnerable Countries Initiative, case study report. Bonn: United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security. |
| [41] | Kathiresan, K., 2002. Why are mangroves degrading? Curr. Sci. 83, 1246–1249. |
| [42] | Louca, V., Lindsay, S. W., Majambere, S., Lucas, M. C., 2008. Fish community characteristics of the lower Gambia River floodplains: A study in the last major undisturbed West African river. Freshw. Biol. 54, 254–271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2008.02105.x. |
| [43] | Albaret, J. J., Simier, M., Darboe, F. S., Ecoutin, J. M., Raffray, J., Luis Tito de Morais., 2004. Fish diversity and distribution in the Gambia Estuary, West Africa, in relation to environmental variables. Aquat, Living Resour. 17, 35-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/alr:2004001 |
| [44] | Darboe, F. S., 2002. Fish Species Abundance and Distribution in the River Gambia Estuary Final project report. UNU—Fisheries Training Programme, Reykjavik, Iceland, p. 40. |
| [45] | Ruelland, D., Levavasseur, F., & Tribotte, A. (2010). Patterns and dynamics of land-cover changes since the 1960s over three experimental areas in Mali. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 12, 11-17. |
| [46] | Aubreville, A. (1957). Accord à Yamgambi sur la nomenclature des types africains de végétation. Bois et Forêts des Tropiques, 51, 23-27. |
| [47] | Hammi, S., Simonneaux, V., Alifriqui, M., Auclair, L., & Montes, N. (2007). Evolution des recouvrements forestiers et de l’occupation des sols entre 1964 et 2002 dans la haute vallee des Ait Bouguemez (Haut Atlas central, Maroc). Secheresse 18, 271-277. |
| [48] | Kaufmann, R. K. & Seto, K. C. (2001). Change detection, accuracy, and bias in a sequential analysis of Landsat imagery in the Pearl River Delta, China: Econometric techniques. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 85: 95–105. |
| [49] | Blum A., Feldmann L., Bresler F., Jounny P., Briançon S., Régent D. (1995). Intérêt du calcul du coefficient kappa dans l’évaluation d’une méthode d’imagerie. Measuring agreement as an evaluation of a diagnostic imaging. European Journal of Radiology 76 (7): 441- 443. |
| [50] | Puyravaud, J. P. (2003). Standardizing the calculation of the annual of deforestation. Forest Ecology and Management, 177, 593-596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127 (02)00335-3. |
| [51] | Hayé, C. V., Dongui, B. K., Pellerin, J., Trokourey, A. (2009). Pollution evaluation in the estuary bay of Bietri, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. Journal of Oceanography, Research and Data, 2: 1–11. |
| [52] | Lykke, A. M., Fog, B., & Madsen, J. E. (1999). Woody vegetation changes in the Sahel of Burkina Faso assessed by means of local knowledge, aerial photos, and botanical investigations. Danish Journal of Geography, Special Issue 2, 57-68. |
| [53] | Ouoba, P. A., Dapola, E. C. D., & Paré, S. (2014). Perception locale de la dynamique du peuplement ligneux des vingt dernières années au Sahel burkinabé., Vertigo-la revue électronique en sciences de l'environnement, 14 (2). |
| [54] | Mertz, O., Mbow, C., Reenberg, A., & Diouf, A. (2009). Farmers’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Agricultural Adaptation Strategies in Rural Sahel. Environmental Management 43, 804–816. |
| [55] | Lykke, A. M., Kristensen, M. K., & Ganaba, S. (2004). Valuation of local use and dynamics of 56 woody species in the Sahel.,. Biodiversity and Conservation, 13, 1961-1990. |
| [56] | Wood, E. C., Tappan, G. G., & Hadj, A. (2004). Understanding the drivers of agricultural land use change in south-central Senegal. Journal of Arid Environments, 59, 565-582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.03.022. |
| [57] | Arouna, O., Toko, I., Djogbénou, C. P., & Sinsin, B. (2011). Comparative analysis of local populations’ perceptions of socioeconomic determinants of vegetation degradation in sudano-guinean area in Benin (West Africa). International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation, 3, 327-337. |
| [58] | Lykke, A. M. (2000). Local perceptions of vegetation change and priorities for conservation of woodysavanna vegetation in Senegal. Journal of Environmental Management, 59, 107-120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.2000.0336. |
| [59] | Houessou, L. G., Teka, O., Imorou, I. T., Lykke, A. M., & Sinsin, B. (2013). Land Use and Land-Cover Change at “ W ” Biosphere Reserve and Its Surroundings Areas in Benin Republic (West Africa), 3 (2), 87–101. http://doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v3n2p87. |
| [60] | Orekan, V. O. A. (2007). Implementation of the local land-use and land-cover change model CLUE-s for Central Benin by using socio-economic and remote sensing data. PhD Dissertation. University of Bonn. |
| [61] | Pagés, J. & Citeau, J. (1990). Rainfall and salinity of a sahelian estuary between 1927 and 1987. Journal of Hydrology, 113: 325–341. |
| [62] | Faye, L. C., Sambou, H., Kyereh, B., & Sambou, B. (2016). Land Use and Land Cover Change in a Community-Managed Forest in South-Eastern Senegal Under a Formal Forest Management Regime, 5 (1), 1–10. http://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20160501.11. |
| [63] | Guillard, J., Simier, M., Albaret, J.-J., Raffray, J., Sow, I., Tito de Morais, L. (2012). Fish biomass estimates along estuaries: A comparison of vertical acoustic sampling at fixed stations and purse seine catches. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 107: 105–111. |
| [64] | Ecoutin, J. M., Simier, M., Albaret, J. J., Laë, R., Tito de Morais, L. (2010). Changes over a decade in fish assemblages exposed to both environmental and fishing constraints in the Sine Saloum estuary (Senegal). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 87 (2): 284–292. |
| [65] | Schlenk, D. & Lavado, R. (2011). Impacts of climate change on hypersaline conditions of estuaries and xenobiotic toxicity. Aquatic Toxicology, 105 (3-4): 78-82. |
| [66] | US EPA. (2006). Volunteer Estuary Monitoring: A Methods Manual. Second Edition., J. Ronald L. Ohrel & K. M. Register, eds., Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Washington DC (United States), 396 p. |
APA Style
Omar Ali Bah, Tidiani Kone, Sidat Yaffa, Mamadou Lamine Ndiaye. (2019). Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics in Central River Region of the Gambia, West Africa from 1984 to 2017. American Journal of Modern Energy, 5(2), 5-18. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20190502.11
ACS Style
Omar Ali Bah; Tidiani Kone; Sidat Yaffa; Mamadou Lamine Ndiaye. Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics in Central River Region of the Gambia, West Africa from 1984 to 2017. Am. J. Mod. Energy 2019, 5(2), 5-18. doi: 10.11648/j.ajme.20190502.11
AMA Style
Omar Ali Bah, Tidiani Kone, Sidat Yaffa, Mamadou Lamine Ndiaye. Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics in Central River Region of the Gambia, West Africa from 1984 to 2017. Am J Mod Energy. 2019;5(2):5-18. doi: 10.11648/j.ajme.20190502.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajme.20190502.11,
author = {Omar Ali Bah and Tidiani Kone and Sidat Yaffa and Mamadou Lamine Ndiaye},
title = {Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics in Central River Region of the Gambia, West Africa from 1984 to 2017},
journal = {American Journal of Modern Energy},
volume = {5},
number = {2},
pages = {5-18},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajme.20190502.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20190502.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajme.20190502.11},
abstract = {This study is focused on land use and land cover dynamics observed in Central River Region. It aims to determine the direction and rate of change in land use as a means of assessing the impact of climate change in Central River Region (CRR) of The Gambia. Decadal satellite images were used to measure changes in land use and land cover from 1984 to 2017 using supervised classification. Eight land use and land cover types were identified and mapped in this study namely: Crop lands, Gambia River, Halophytic vegetation, Irrigated crops, Mangrove, Settlement, Shrub/Wood savanna and Wooded savanna. The areas of crop lands, halophytic vegetation and settlement expanded between 1984 and 2017. River Gambia, irrigated crops, mangrove, shrub/wood savanna and wooded savanna areas decreased during the same period. Transition to less savanna was higher than transition to more settlement. In addition, physicochemical parameters were analyzed during the rainy and dry seasons for correlation with climate data. Socioeconomic surveys based on structured questionnaires were also conducted with 70 households in 6 villages in CRR. Land clearing for agriculture, tree cutting for firewood and charcoal, settlement and livestock grazing were mainly cited by the respondents as the main culprit inducing land cover change in CRR. This study shows that deforestation and forest degradation are still in progress despite the implementation of a management plan for a full rotation. We therefore proposed best management practices in order to control the agricultural clearing of land in the region such as agricultural intensification and soil fertility improvement.},
year = {2019}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics in Central River Region of the Gambia, West Africa from 1984 to 2017 AU - Omar Ali Bah AU - Tidiani Kone AU - Sidat Yaffa AU - Mamadou Lamine Ndiaye Y1 - 2019/06/04 PY - 2019 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20190502.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ajme.20190502.11 T2 - American Journal of Modern Energy JF - American Journal of Modern Energy JO - American Journal of Modern Energy SP - 5 EP - 18 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-3797 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20190502.11 AB - This study is focused on land use and land cover dynamics observed in Central River Region. It aims to determine the direction and rate of change in land use as a means of assessing the impact of climate change in Central River Region (CRR) of The Gambia. Decadal satellite images were used to measure changes in land use and land cover from 1984 to 2017 using supervised classification. Eight land use and land cover types were identified and mapped in this study namely: Crop lands, Gambia River, Halophytic vegetation, Irrigated crops, Mangrove, Settlement, Shrub/Wood savanna and Wooded savanna. The areas of crop lands, halophytic vegetation and settlement expanded between 1984 and 2017. River Gambia, irrigated crops, mangrove, shrub/wood savanna and wooded savanna areas decreased during the same period. Transition to less savanna was higher than transition to more settlement. In addition, physicochemical parameters were analyzed during the rainy and dry seasons for correlation with climate data. Socioeconomic surveys based on structured questionnaires were also conducted with 70 households in 6 villages in CRR. Land clearing for agriculture, tree cutting for firewood and charcoal, settlement and livestock grazing were mainly cited by the respondents as the main culprit inducing land cover change in CRR. This study shows that deforestation and forest degradation are still in progress despite the implementation of a management plan for a full rotation. We therefore proposed best management practices in order to control the agricultural clearing of land in the region such as agricultural intensification and soil fertility improvement. VL - 5 IS - 2 ER -
Information
Email: