Aerodynamic Design and Blade Angle Analysis of a Small Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine

Mohamed Khaled; Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim; Hesham ElSayed Abdel Hamed; Ahmed Farouk Abdel Gawad

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12

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Aerodynamic Design and Blade Angle Analysis of a Small Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine

Mohamed Khaled, Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim, Hesham ElSayed Abdel Hamed, Ahmed Farouk Abdel Gawad

Published in American Journal of Modern Energy (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 9 May 2017 Accepted: 25 May 2017 Published: 30 June 2017

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Abstract

The wind turbine blades are the main part of the rotor. Extraction of energy from wind depends on the design of the blade. In this paper, a design method based on Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is explained for small horizontal–axis wind turbine model (HAWT) blades. The method was used to optimize the chord and twist distributions of the wind turbine blades to enhance the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and consequently, increasing the generated power. A Fortran program was developed to use (BEM) in designing a model of Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT). NACA 4412 airfoil was selected for the design of the wind turbine blade. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of HAWT blade cross section was carried out at various blade angles with the help of ANSYS Fluent. Present results are compared with other published results. Power generated from wind turbine increases with increasing blade angle due to the increase in air–velocity impact on the wind turbine blade. For blade angle change from 20° to 60°, the turbine power from wind has a small change and reaches the maximum when the blade angle equals to 90°. Thus, HAWT power depends on the blade profile and its orientation.

Published in	American Journal of Modern Energy (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12
Page(s)	23-37
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Renewable Energy, HAWT Design, Blade Element Momentum Theory, Airfoil Aerodynamic, Blade Angle

References

[1]	Burton, T., and Sharpe, D., "Wind Energy Handbook", John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, 2006.
[2]	Cao H., "Aerodynamics Analysis of Small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blades by Using 2D and 3D CFD Modelling", University of Central Lancashire, Preston, England, MSc. Thesis, 2011,
[3]	Chandrala A., "Aerodynamic Analysis of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade", International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA), Vol. 2, Issue 6, November- December 2012, pp.1244-1248.
[4]	Chaudhary M., and Roy A., "Design & Optimization of a Small Wind Turbine Blade for Operation at Low Wind Speed", International Journal on Recent Technologies in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering (IJRMEE), ISSN: 2349-7947, Vol. 2, Issue: 3, March 2015.
[5]	Derakhshan S., and Tavaziani A., " Study of Wind Turbine Aerodynamic Performance Using Numerical Methods", Journal of Clean Energy Technologies, Vol. 3, No. 2, March 2015
[6]	Fluent, ANSYS FLUENT 12.0 Theory Guide, ANSYS Inc., April 2009.
[7]	Http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smock_mill
[8]	Http://guidedtour.windpower.org/en/core.htm
[9]	Hu H., Li X., and Gu B., "Flow Characteristics Study of Wind Turbine Blade with Vortex Generators", International Journal of Aerospace Engineering Vol. 2016, Article ID 6531694, 11 pages.
[10]	Kale S., and Sapali S., "Functional and Strength Design of one MW Wind Turbine Blade", proceedings of international conference on energy and environment, March 19-21, 2009 ISSN: 2070-3740.
[11]	Kulunk E., and Yilmaz N., "Computer – Aided Design and Performance Analysis of HAWT Blades" 5th International Advanced Technologies Symposium (IATS’09), May 13-15, 2009, Karabuk, Turkey.
[12]	Kumar V. M., Rao B. N., and Farooq S., "Modeling and Analysis of Wind Turbine Blade with Advanced Materials by Simulation", International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562, Vol. 11, No 6, (2016), pp. 4491- 4499.
[13]	Marten D., and Wendler J., "QBlade Guidelines v0.6", 2013.
[14]	Manwell J., McGowan, J., and Rogers, A., "Wind Energy Explained. Theory, Design and Application", 2nd edn., John Wiley and Sons Ltd., ISBN 978 0 470 015001, 2009.
[15]	Mostafa R., Ali A., and Nassr A., " Power Regulation for Variable Speed Variable Pitch HAWT Pitch and Torque Control Strategy", Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 366-374, 2016.
[16]	Tenguria1 N., Mittal1 N., and Ahmed S., "Structural Analysis of 38.95 m Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blades", International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering (IJMME), Vol.6, No.2, pp. 183-188, 2011.
[17]	Wood D., “Small Wind Turbines Analysis, Design, and Application”, Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2011.

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APA Style

Mohamed Khaled, Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim, Hesham ElSayed Abdel Hamed, Ahmed Farouk Abdel Gawad. (2017). Aerodynamic Design and Blade Angle Analysis of a Small Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine. American Journal of Modern Energy, 3(2), 23-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12

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ACS Style

Mohamed Khaled; Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim; Hesham ElSayed Abdel Hamed; Ahmed Farouk Abdel Gawad. Aerodynamic Design and Blade Angle Analysis of a Small Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine. Am. J. Mod. Energy 2017, 3(2), 23-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12

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AMA Style

Mohamed Khaled, Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim, Hesham ElSayed Abdel Hamed, Ahmed Farouk Abdel Gawad. Aerodynamic Design and Blade Angle Analysis of a Small Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine. Am J Mod Energy. 2017;3(2):23-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12,
  author = {Mohamed Khaled and Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim and Hesham ElSayed Abdel Hamed and Ahmed Farouk Abdel Gawad},
  title = {Aerodynamic Design and Blade Angle Analysis of a Small Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine},
  journal = {American Journal of Modern Energy},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {23-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajme.20170302.12},
  abstract = {The wind turbine blades are the main part of the rotor. Extraction of energy from wind depends on the design of the blade. In this paper, a design method based on Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is explained for small horizontal–axis wind turbine model (HAWT) blades. The method was used to optimize the chord and twist distributions of the wind turbine blades to enhance the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and consequently, increasing the generated power. A Fortran program was developed to use (BEM) in designing a model of Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT). NACA 4412 airfoil was selected for the design of the wind turbine blade. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of HAWT blade cross section was carried out at various blade angles with the help of ANSYS Fluent. Present results are compared with other published results. Power generated from wind turbine increases with increasing blade angle due to the increase in air–velocity impact on the wind turbine blade. For blade angle change from 20° to 60°, the turbine power from wind has a small change and reaches the maximum when the blade angle equals to 90°. Thus, HAWT power depends on the blade profile and its orientation.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Aerodynamic Design and Blade Angle Analysis of a Small Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine
AU - Mohamed Khaled
AU - Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim
AU - Hesham ElSayed Abdel Hamed
AU - Ahmed Farouk Abdel Gawad
Y1 - 2017/06/30
PY - 2017
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12
DO - 10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12
T2 - American Journal of Modern Energy
JF - American Journal of Modern Energy
JO - American Journal of Modern Energy
SP - 23
EP - 37
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-3797
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12
AB - The wind turbine blades are the main part of the rotor. Extraction of energy from wind depends on the design of the blade. In this paper, a design method based on Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is explained for small horizontal–axis wind turbine model (HAWT) blades. The method was used to optimize the chord and twist distributions of the wind turbine blades to enhance the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and consequently, increasing the generated power. A Fortran program was developed to use (BEM) in designing a model of Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT). NACA 4412 airfoil was selected for the design of the wind turbine blade. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of HAWT blade cross section was carried out at various blade angles with the help of ANSYS Fluent. Present results are compared with other published results. Power generated from wind turbine increases with increasing blade angle due to the increase in air–velocity impact on the wind turbine blade. For blade angle change from 20° to 60°, the turbine power from wind has a small change and reaches the maximum when the blade angle equals to 90°. Thus, HAWT power depends on the blade profile and its orientation.
VL - 3
IS - 2
ER -

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Author Information

Mohamed Khaled

Demonstrator in the Higher Institute of Engineering at El Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt
Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim

Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Hesham ElSayed Abdel Hamed

Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Ahmed Farouk Abdel Gawad

Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

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APA Style

Mohamed Khaled, Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim, Hesham ElSayed Abdel Hamed, Ahmed Farouk Abdel Gawad. (2017). Aerodynamic Design and Blade Angle Analysis of a Small Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine. American Journal of Modern Energy, 3(2), 23-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12

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ACS Style

Mohamed Khaled; Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim; Hesham ElSayed Abdel Hamed; Ahmed Farouk Abdel Gawad. Aerodynamic Design and Blade Angle Analysis of a Small Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine. Am. J. Mod. Energy 2017, 3(2), 23-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12

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AMA Style

Mohamed Khaled, Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim, Hesham ElSayed Abdel Hamed, Ahmed Farouk Abdel Gawad. Aerodynamic Design and Blade Angle Analysis of a Small Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine. Am J Mod Energy. 2017;3(2):23-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12,
  author = {Mohamed Khaled and Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim and Hesham ElSayed Abdel Hamed and Ahmed Farouk Abdel Gawad},
  title = {Aerodynamic Design and Blade Angle Analysis of a Small Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine},
  journal = {American Journal of Modern Energy},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {23-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20170302.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajme.20170302.12},
  abstract = {The wind turbine blades are the main part of the rotor. Extraction of energy from wind depends on the design of the blade. In this paper, a design method based on Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is explained for small horizontal–axis wind turbine model (HAWT) blades. The method was used to optimize the chord and twist distributions of the wind turbine blades to enhance the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and consequently, increasing the generated power. A Fortran program was developed to use (BEM) in designing a model of Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT). NACA 4412 airfoil was selected for the design of the wind turbine blade. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of HAWT blade cross section was carried out at various blade angles with the help of ANSYS Fluent. Present results are compared with other published results. Power generated from wind turbine increases with increasing blade angle due to the increase in air–velocity impact on the wind turbine blade. For blade angle change from 20° to 60°, the turbine power from wind has a small change and reaches the maximum when the blade angle equals to 90°. Thus, HAWT power depends on the blade profile and its orientation.},
 year = {2017}
}

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