Spontaneous Splenic Rupture: Case Report from Yekatit 12 Medical College Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Mengistu Solomon; Yismaw Melese; Mohadin Hassan; Wondossen Amtatew

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11

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Spontaneous Splenic Rupture: Case Report from Yekatit 12 Medical College Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Mengistu Solomon, Yismaw Melese, Mohadin Hassan, Wondossen Amtatew

Published in American Journal of Laboratory Medicine (Volume 8, Issue 1)

Received: 20 February 2023 Accepted: 7 April 2023 Published: 18 April 2023

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Abstract

Splenic rupture can be traumatic or non-traumatic (spontaneous). The spleen is the commonest solid organ injured in blunt abdominal injury. Spontaneous splenic rupture is rare and one cause of acute abdomen which can lead to morbidity and mortality. Among patients having spontaneous splenic rupture, majority of them have underlying splenic pathology of different causes such as hematologic, infectious, inflammatory, drugs or mechanical. In endemic area of malaria, spontaneous splenic rupture is one of fatal complication of severe malaria fortunately it is rare complication. In rare cases there may be no splenic pathology identified which is called idiopathic. The treatment of ruptured spleen is mainly splenectomy though there are cases reports of angioembolization as treatment option. Here we present a case report of 20 year old male patient who presented with diffuse abdominal pain of 3 days duration with signs of generalized peritonitis. During exploratory laparotomy, he was having ruptured spleen with blood in the peritoneum. He was managed with splenectomy and cross match transfusion after the bleeding was controlled. The patient was discharged improved after he took pentavalent vaccine. In conclusion, though spontaneous splenic rupture is rare over all there are different case reports of this condition and one has to consider it as differential diagnosis in patient who presented with acute abdomen of unclear causes and especially if the patient has underlying diseases or drugs that can affect the spleen.

Published in	American Journal of Laboratory Medicine (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11
Page(s)	1-3
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Spontaneous Splenic Rupture, Laparotomy, Splenectomy, Acute Abdomen

References

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[3]	Saad Slaiki, Hicham El Bouhaddouti, Abdelmalek Ousadden, Khalid Ait Taleb, El Bachir Benjelloun. Spontaneous splenic rupture Case report. Journal of Surgery: 2020.
[4]	Nadeem Kassam, Steven Michael, Kamran Hameed, Athar Ali, and Salim Surani. Case Report: Sudden Splenic Rupture in a Plasmodium falciparum Infected Patient. International Journal of General Medicine: 2023.
[5]	Sunil Malik, Sonal Saran, and Sarabpreet Singh Kanwar. Spontaneous splenic rupture in Typhomalaria: A case report with review of literature. Sudanese Journal Of Paedatrics: 2017.
[6]	Wolthuis DFGJ, Bosboom RW, Hassing RJ. Spontaneous Splenic Rupture in an ill Returned Traveller. EJCRIM: 2020.
[7]	Mobayen et al. The presentation of spontaneous splenic rupture in a COVID-19 patient: a case report. BMC Surgery: 2020.
[8]	Marek Wolski, Maciej Piasecki, and Andrzej Kamiński. Spontaneous spleen rupture in infectious mononucleosis case report and return-to-play recommendations for pediatric patients. Pediatr Pol: 2022.
[9]	Denise Fabri Rezende Engracia Mello, Mauro José Brandão da Costa, Eduardo Migue Febronio, Glaucia Aparecida Magnani Landell, Rodolfo Mendes Queiroz. Spontaneous splenic rupture associated with multiple myeloma: a serious and unusual case. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther: 2020.
[10]	Kaniappan et al. Non-traumatic splenic rupture - a rare first presentation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and a review of the literature. BMC Cancer: 2018.
[11]	Munasinghe et al. An unusual case of a traumatic splenic rupture masquerading as myocardial ischemia: a case report. International Journal of Emergency Medicine: 2022.
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[15]	Maria C, Nickolaos T, George G, Michail. Delayed Splenic Rupture 4 months Following Minor Blunt Abdominal Trauma. Glob J Rare Dis: 2021.
[16]	Revesz E et al. Spontaneous splenic rupture in a patient receiving thrombolytic therapy. J Vasc Bras: 2009.
[17]	Marie-Laure Labaki, and Marc De Kock. Atraumatic splenic rupture in a patient treated with rivaroxaban: A case report and a narrative review. Clin Case Rep: 2022.
[18]	Ulusahin M, Tomas K, Usta MA, Cekic AB, Turkyilmaz S. Spleen Rupture Due to Anticoagulant Use: A Case Report. J Basic Clin Health Sci: 2020.
[19]	Chang et al. Prognostic Factors and Clinical Features of Neonatal Splenic Rupture/Hemorrhage: Two Cases Reports and Literature Review. Frontiers in Pediatrics: 2021.
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APA Style

Mengistu Solomon, Yismaw Melese, Mohadin Hassan, Wondossen Amtatew. (2023). Spontaneous Splenic Rupture: Case Report from Yekatit 12 Medical College Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. American Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 8(1), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11

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ACS Style

Mengistu Solomon; Yismaw Melese; Mohadin Hassan; Wondossen Amtatew. Spontaneous Splenic Rupture: Case Report from Yekatit 12 Medical College Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Am. J. Lab. Med. 2023, 8(1), 1-3. doi: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11

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AMA Style

Mengistu Solomon, Yismaw Melese, Mohadin Hassan, Wondossen Amtatew. Spontaneous Splenic Rupture: Case Report from Yekatit 12 Medical College Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Am J Lab Med. 2023;8(1):1-3. doi: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11,
  author = {Mengistu Solomon and Yismaw Melese and Mohadin Hassan and Wondossen Amtatew},
  title = {Spontaneous Splenic Rupture: Case Report from Yekatit 12 Medical College Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Laboratory Medicine},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-3},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajlm.20230801.11},
  abstract = {Splenic rupture can be traumatic or non-traumatic (spontaneous). The spleen is the commonest solid organ injured in blunt abdominal injury. Spontaneous splenic rupture is rare and one cause of acute abdomen which can lead to morbidity and mortality. Among patients having spontaneous splenic rupture, majority of them have underlying splenic pathology of different causes such as hematologic, infectious, inflammatory, drugs or mechanical. In endemic area of malaria, spontaneous splenic rupture is one of fatal complication of severe malaria fortunately it is rare complication. In rare cases there may be no splenic pathology identified which is called idiopathic. The treatment of ruptured spleen is mainly splenectomy though there are cases reports of angioembolization as treatment option. Here we present a case report of 20 year old male patient who presented with diffuse abdominal pain of 3 days duration with signs of generalized peritonitis. During exploratory laparotomy, he was having ruptured spleen with blood in the peritoneum. He was managed with splenectomy and cross match transfusion after the bleeding was controlled. The patient was discharged improved after he took pentavalent vaccine. In conclusion, though spontaneous splenic rupture is rare over all there are different case reports of this condition and one has to consider it as differential diagnosis in patient who presented with acute abdomen of unclear causes and especially if the patient has underlying diseases or drugs that can affect the spleen.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Spontaneous Splenic Rupture: Case Report from Yekatit 12 Medical College Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
AU - Mengistu Solomon
AU - Yismaw Melese
AU - Mohadin Hassan
AU - Wondossen Amtatew
Y1 - 2023/04/18
PY - 2023
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11
DO - 10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11
T2 - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
JF - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
JO - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
SP - 1
EP - 3
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-386X
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11
AB - Splenic rupture can be traumatic or non-traumatic (spontaneous). The spleen is the commonest solid organ injured in blunt abdominal injury. Spontaneous splenic rupture is rare and one cause of acute abdomen which can lead to morbidity and mortality. Among patients having spontaneous splenic rupture, majority of them have underlying splenic pathology of different causes such as hematologic, infectious, inflammatory, drugs or mechanical. In endemic area of malaria, spontaneous splenic rupture is one of fatal complication of severe malaria fortunately it is rare complication. In rare cases there may be no splenic pathology identified which is called idiopathic. The treatment of ruptured spleen is mainly splenectomy though there are cases reports of angioembolization as treatment option. Here we present a case report of 20 year old male patient who presented with diffuse abdominal pain of 3 days duration with signs of generalized peritonitis. During exploratory laparotomy, he was having ruptured spleen with blood in the peritoneum. He was managed with splenectomy and cross match transfusion after the bleeding was controlled. The patient was discharged improved after he took pentavalent vaccine. In conclusion, though spontaneous splenic rupture is rare over all there are different case reports of this condition and one has to consider it as differential diagnosis in patient who presented with acute abdomen of unclear causes and especially if the patient has underlying diseases or drugs that can affect the spleen.
VL - 8
IS - 1
ER -

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Author Information

Mengistu Solomon

Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Yismaw Melese

Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Mohadin Hassan

Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Wondossen Amtatew

Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Mengistu Solomon, Yismaw Melese, Mohadin Hassan, Wondossen Amtatew. (2023). Spontaneous Splenic Rupture: Case Report from Yekatit 12 Medical College Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. American Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 8(1), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11

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ACS Style

Mengistu Solomon; Yismaw Melese; Mohadin Hassan; Wondossen Amtatew. Spontaneous Splenic Rupture: Case Report from Yekatit 12 Medical College Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Am. J. Lab. Med. 2023, 8(1), 1-3. doi: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11

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AMA Style

Mengistu Solomon, Yismaw Melese, Mohadin Hassan, Wondossen Amtatew. Spontaneous Splenic Rupture: Case Report from Yekatit 12 Medical College Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Am J Lab Med. 2023;8(1):1-3. doi: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11,
  author = {Mengistu Solomon and Yismaw Melese and Mohadin Hassan and Wondossen Amtatew},
  title = {Spontaneous Splenic Rupture: Case Report from Yekatit 12 Medical College Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Laboratory Medicine},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-3},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20230801.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajlm.20230801.11},
  abstract = {Splenic rupture can be traumatic or non-traumatic (spontaneous). The spleen is the commonest solid organ injured in blunt abdominal injury. Spontaneous splenic rupture is rare and one cause of acute abdomen which can lead to morbidity and mortality. Among patients having spontaneous splenic rupture, majority of them have underlying splenic pathology of different causes such as hematologic, infectious, inflammatory, drugs or mechanical. In endemic area of malaria, spontaneous splenic rupture is one of fatal complication of severe malaria fortunately it is rare complication. In rare cases there may be no splenic pathology identified which is called idiopathic. The treatment of ruptured spleen is mainly splenectomy though there are cases reports of angioembolization as treatment option. Here we present a case report of 20 year old male patient who presented with diffuse abdominal pain of 3 days duration with signs of generalized peritonitis. During exploratory laparotomy, he was having ruptured spleen with blood in the peritoneum. He was managed with splenectomy and cross match transfusion after the bleeding was controlled. The patient was discharged improved after he took pentavalent vaccine. In conclusion, though spontaneous splenic rupture is rare over all there are different case reports of this condition and one has to consider it as differential diagnosis in patient who presented with acute abdomen of unclear causes and especially if the patient has underlying diseases or drugs that can affect the spleen.},
 year = {2023}
}

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