PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria

Victor Omote; Henry Ukwamedua; Johnson Etaghene; Matthew Ejike Oseji; Imaria Celia Agwai; Harrison Agbroko

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11

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PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria

Victor Omote, Henry Ukwamedua, Johnson Etaghene, Matthew Ejike Oseji, Imaria Celia Agwai, Harrison Agbroko

Published in American Journal of Laboratory Medicine (Volume 3, Issue 5)

Received: 10 August 2018 Accepted: 26 October 2018 Published: 26 November 2018

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Abstract

Mother to child transmission (MTCT) of the AIDS virus remains a persistent means for HIV acquisition and accounts for most cases of paediatric HIV infection. Maternal viral load, antiretroviral therapy for mother and infants, infant feeding pattern and mode of delivery have been implicated as factors that affects MTCT rates. The study evaluated the efficacy of the various PMTCT interventions in relation to HIV status of the babies. Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) register of exposed infants seeking care from January 2015-December 2016 was retrieved and reviewed. Data on mother’s antiretroviral therapy (ART) status, infants ART status, sex, feeding pattern and HIV status were extracted, recorded an analyzed using SPSS 23 and results expressed in simple frequency and percentage. Statistical association was assayed for using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. A total of 249 mother and infant pairs took part in the study. Approximately (50.2%) of the infants were females and virtually all (95.6%) of the participating mothers were on ART. Likewise, almost all (94.0%) of the infants were placed on ART while majority of them (71%) were exclusively breastfed. An incidence rate of 4.4% (11/249) for MTCT of the AIDS virus was recorded while variables such as maternal ART status, infant ART status and infant feeding pattern showed strong association with MTCT. Findings from this study revealed a reduced prevalence for the study region when compared to other regions and a hope for the complete eradication of MTCT of HIV when PMTCT interventions and strategies are properly implemented and utilized.

Published in	American Journal of Laboratory Medicine (Volume 3, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11
Page(s)	40-43
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Prevalence, Mother-to-Child-Transmission, PMTCT Interventions HIV, Infants, Warri, Delta State

References

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[2]	Imade PE, Uwakwe NO, Omerioge R, Eghasona, NO. Effect of prevention of mother to child transmission program on the prevalence of postnatal HIV infection in Benin City, Nigeria. Sooyin J. Health Sci. 2010; 2 (2): 58-61.
[3]	Ogunbosi BO, Oladokun R, Brown BJ, Osinusi KI. Prevalence and clinical pattern of paediatric HIV infection at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria: a prospective cross-sectional study. Ital J. Paediatr. 2011; 37:29.
[4]	Omote V, Ojumah I, Etaghene J, Ukwamedua H, Adda D. Mother to child transmission of HIV infection and its predisposing factors among exposed infants on care at Taraba State Specialist Hospital, Jalingo, North-East Nigeria. Asian J. Pharm Health Sci. 2018; 8 (1): 1836-40.
[5]	Coovadia HM. Prespectives on paediatric HIV/AIDS: Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV. Curr Sci. 2008; 95: 9.
[6]	World Health Organization. On the fast-track to an AIDS-free generation. Geneva, Switzerland. 2016. http//emtetiast.org/vop-content/upload/2016/06/Global Plan 2016 en.pdf (Accessed on June, 20,2016).
[7]	Adejumo PO, Erhunwuse EO, Oyetunde MO. Utilization of HIV and AIDS mother to child transmission prevention and babies outcome in Asaba, Nigeria. J. Nur Edu Pract. 2014; 4 (2): 178-85.
[8]	Wudineh F, Damtew B. Mother-to-child-transmission of HIV infection abd its determinants among exposed infants on care and follow-up in Dire Daiwa, Eastern Ethiopia. AIDS Res and Treat. 2016: (2016), Article ID 3262746, 6 pages.
[9]	Torpey k, Mandale J, Kasonde P, Bryan-mosya G, et al. Analysis of HIV early infant diagnosis data to estimate rates of perinatal HIV transmission in Zambia. Plos one. 2012; 7: e42859.
[10]	Cassium SM, Botha JH. Prevention of mother to child transmission outcome in the private sector in Central Durban. The South Afri J HIV Med. 2010; 6-7.
[11]	Lilian RR, Kalk E, Technan KG, Sherman GG. Birth diagnosis of HIV infection in infants to reduce infant mortality and monitor for the elimination of mother to child transmission. Paediatr Infect Dis J. 2013; 32: 1080-5.
[12]	Koye DN, Zeleke BM. “Mother-to-child-transmission of HIV and its predictors among HIV-exposed infants at a PMTCT clinic in North-west Ethiopia”. BMC Public Health. 2013; 13: 398.
[13]	Kurewa EM, Kandawajvika GQ, Mhlanga A, et al. Realities and challenges of a five year follow up of mother and child pair on a PMTCT program in Zimbabwe. JAIDS. 2011; 5 (1): 51-8.
[14]	Bakali P, Kayita J, Moura M, et al. Epidemiologic and clinical features of HIV-infected Ugandan Children younger than 18-months. JAIDS. 2001; 28 (1): 35-42.
[15]	Adejuyigbe EA, Oyelami O, Onayemi O, Durosinmi MA. Paediatrics HIV/AIDS in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Cent Afri J. Med. 2003; 49 (8): 74-8.
[16]	Oniyangi O, Awani B, Iregbu KC. The pattern of Paediatric HIV/AIDS as seen at the National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract. 2006; 9 (2): 153-8.

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APA Style

Victor Omote, Henry Ukwamedua, Johnson Etaghene, Matthew Ejike Oseji, Imaria Celia Agwai, et al. (2018). PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria. American Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 3(5), 40-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11

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ACS Style

Victor Omote; Henry Ukwamedua; Johnson Etaghene; Matthew Ejike Oseji; Imaria Celia Agwai, et al. PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria. Am. J. Lab. Med. 2018, 3(5), 40-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11

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AMA Style

Victor Omote, Henry Ukwamedua, Johnson Etaghene, Matthew Ejike Oseji, Imaria Celia Agwai, et al. PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria. Am J Lab Med. 2018;3(5):40-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11,
  author = {Victor Omote and Henry Ukwamedua and Johnson Etaghene and Matthew Ejike Oseji and Imaria Celia Agwai and Harrison Agbroko},
  title = {PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Laboratory Medicine},
  volume = {3},
  number = {5},
  pages = {40-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajlm.20180305.11},
  abstract = {Mother to child transmission (MTCT) of the AIDS virus remains a persistent means for HIV acquisition and accounts for most cases of paediatric HIV infection. Maternal viral load, antiretroviral therapy for mother and infants, infant feeding pattern and mode of delivery have been implicated as factors that affects MTCT rates. The study evaluated the efficacy of the various PMTCT interventions in relation to HIV status of the babies. Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) register of exposed infants seeking care from January 2015-December 2016 was retrieved and reviewed. Data on mother’s antiretroviral therapy (ART) status, infants ART status, sex, feeding pattern and HIV status were extracted, recorded an analyzed using SPSS 23 and results expressed in simple frequency and percentage. Statistical association was assayed for using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. A total of 249 mother and infant pairs took part in the study. Approximately (50.2%) of the infants were females and virtually all (95.6%) of the participating mothers were on ART. Likewise, almost all (94.0%) of the infants were placed on ART while majority of them (71%) were exclusively breastfed. An incidence rate of 4.4% (11/249) for MTCT of the AIDS virus was recorded while variables such as maternal ART status, infant ART status and infant feeding pattern showed strong association with MTCT. Findings from this study revealed a reduced prevalence for the study region when compared to other regions and a hope for the complete eradication of MTCT of HIV when PMTCT interventions and strategies are properly implemented and utilized.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria
AU  - Victor Omote
AU  - Henry Ukwamedua
AU  - Johnson Etaghene
AU  - Matthew Ejike Oseji
AU  - Imaria Celia Agwai
AU  - Harrison Agbroko
Y1  - 2018/11/26
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11
T2  - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
SP  - 40
EP  - 43
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-386X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11
AB  - Mother to child transmission (MTCT) of the AIDS virus remains a persistent means for HIV acquisition and accounts for most cases of paediatric HIV infection. Maternal viral load, antiretroviral therapy for mother and infants, infant feeding pattern and mode of delivery have been implicated as factors that affects MTCT rates. The study evaluated the efficacy of the various PMTCT interventions in relation to HIV status of the babies. Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) register of exposed infants seeking care from January 2015-December 2016 was retrieved and reviewed. Data on mother’s antiretroviral therapy (ART) status, infants ART status, sex, feeding pattern and HIV status were extracted, recorded an analyzed using SPSS 23 and results expressed in simple frequency and percentage. Statistical association was assayed for using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. A total of 249 mother and infant pairs took part in the study. Approximately (50.2%) of the infants were females and virtually all (95.6%) of the participating mothers were on ART. Likewise, almost all (94.0%) of the infants were placed on ART while majority of them (71%) were exclusively breastfed. An incidence rate of 4.4% (11/249) for MTCT of the AIDS virus was recorded while variables such as maternal ART status, infant ART status and infant feeding pattern showed strong association with MTCT. Findings from this study revealed a reduced prevalence for the study region when compared to other regions and a hope for the complete eradication of MTCT of HIV when PMTCT interventions and strategies are properly implemented and utilized.
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Victor Omote

Department of Laboratory Services, Central Hospital, Warri, Nigeria
Henry Ukwamedua

Department of Laboratory Services, Central Hospital, Warri, Nigeria
Johnson Etaghene

Department of Laboratory Services, Ministry of Health Delta State, Asaba, Nigeria
Matthew Ejike Oseji

Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Imaria Celia Agwai

Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Harrison Agbroko

Department of Laboratory Services, Nigerian National Petroleum Cooperation Medical Centre, Warri, Nigeria

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APA Style

Victor Omote, Henry Ukwamedua, Johnson Etaghene, Matthew Ejike Oseji, Imaria Celia Agwai, et al. (2018). PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria. American Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 3(5), 40-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11

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ACS Style

Victor Omote; Henry Ukwamedua; Johnson Etaghene; Matthew Ejike Oseji; Imaria Celia Agwai, et al. PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria. Am. J. Lab. Med. 2018, 3(5), 40-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11

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AMA Style

Victor Omote, Henry Ukwamedua, Johnson Etaghene, Matthew Ejike Oseji, Imaria Celia Agwai, et al. PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria. Am J Lab Med. 2018;3(5):40-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11,
  author = {Victor Omote and Henry Ukwamedua and Johnson Etaghene and Matthew Ejike Oseji and Imaria Celia Agwai and Harrison Agbroko},
  title = {PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Laboratory Medicine},
  volume = {3},
  number = {5},
  pages = {40-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajlm.20180305.11},
  abstract = {Mother to child transmission (MTCT) of the AIDS virus remains a persistent means for HIV acquisition and accounts for most cases of paediatric HIV infection. Maternal viral load, antiretroviral therapy for mother and infants, infant feeding pattern and mode of delivery have been implicated as factors that affects MTCT rates. The study evaluated the efficacy of the various PMTCT interventions in relation to HIV status of the babies. Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) register of exposed infants seeking care from January 2015-December 2016 was retrieved and reviewed. Data on mother’s antiretroviral therapy (ART) status, infants ART status, sex, feeding pattern and HIV status were extracted, recorded an analyzed using SPSS 23 and results expressed in simple frequency and percentage. Statistical association was assayed for using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. A total of 249 mother and infant pairs took part in the study. Approximately (50.2%) of the infants were females and virtually all (95.6%) of the participating mothers were on ART. Likewise, almost all (94.0%) of the infants were placed on ART while majority of them (71%) were exclusively breastfed. An incidence rate of 4.4% (11/249) for MTCT of the AIDS virus was recorded while variables such as maternal ART status, infant ART status and infant feeding pattern showed strong association with MTCT. Findings from this study revealed a reduced prevalence for the study region when compared to other regions and a hope for the complete eradication of MTCT of HIV when PMTCT interventions and strategies are properly implemented and utilized.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - PMTCT Interventions and Outcome of Babies Born to HIV Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Study at a Secondary Health-Care Facility in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria
AU  - Victor Omote
AU  - Henry Ukwamedua
AU  - Johnson Etaghene
AU  - Matthew Ejike Oseji
AU  - Imaria Celia Agwai
AU  - Harrison Agbroko
Y1  - 2018/11/26
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11
T2  - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Laboratory Medicine
SP  - 40
EP  - 43
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-386X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20180305.11
AB  - Mother to child transmission (MTCT) of the AIDS virus remains a persistent means for HIV acquisition and accounts for most cases of paediatric HIV infection. Maternal viral load, antiretroviral therapy for mother and infants, infant feeding pattern and mode of delivery have been implicated as factors that affects MTCT rates. The study evaluated the efficacy of the various PMTCT interventions in relation to HIV status of the babies. Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) register of exposed infants seeking care from January 2015-December 2016 was retrieved and reviewed. Data on mother’s antiretroviral therapy (ART) status, infants ART status, sex, feeding pattern and HIV status were extracted, recorded an analyzed using SPSS 23 and results expressed in simple frequency and percentage. Statistical association was assayed for using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. A total of 249 mother and infant pairs took part in the study. Approximately (50.2%) of the infants were females and virtually all (95.6%) of the participating mothers were on ART. Likewise, almost all (94.0%) of the infants were placed on ART while majority of them (71%) were exclusively breastfed. An incidence rate of 4.4% (11/249) for MTCT of the AIDS virus was recorded while variables such as maternal ART status, infant ART status and infant feeding pattern showed strong association with MTCT. Findings from this study revealed a reduced prevalence for the study region when compared to other regions and a hope for the complete eradication of MTCT of HIV when PMTCT interventions and strategies are properly implemented and utilized.
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
ER  -

Copy | Download