| Peer-Reviewed

Frequency, Epidemiology and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients Admitted to Nephrology Center, Sana’a: Observational Study

Received: 11 July 2018     Accepted: 24 July 2018     Published: 3 September 2018
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Although acute kidney injury (AKI) in our setting is growing rapidly, the available data on the magnitude of this lethal problem are very limited. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence, epidemiology and outcome of AKI. A total of 143 hospitalized patients with AKI in Al Thawra General Hospital, nephrology department between July 2015 and December 2016 were enrolled. The mean age of the study population was 37.7 ± 8.4 years, and 68.5% of these patients were males. Almost 81.8% of cases were medically referred and malarial infection was the commonest cause of AKI (23%). Pre renal AKI was present in 65 patients (45.4%) and renal AKI in 78 patients (54.5%). Most cases were presented with clinical manifestation of volume overload (65%), oliguria (51.7%), anuria (16.7%), and high serum creatinine level. The majority of cases (58.7%) had recovered without dialysis. In-hospital mortality was observed in 11 patients (7.7%). Hepatic failure and malarial infection were the common causes of death. This study demonstrates low frequency of AKI in our setting. The etiologies of this lethal health problem are preventable and treatable in approximately half of cases. Late referral to hospital may contribute both to the progression of renal disease and also to high mortality.

Published in American Journal of Internal Medicine (Volume 6, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajim.20180605.15
Page(s) 121-125
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Acute Kidney Injury, Yemen, In-Hospital Mortality

References
[1] Krishnamurthy, S. Mondal N; Narayanan P; Biswal N;Srinivasan S; Soundravally R et al. Incidence and etiology of acute kidney injury in southern India. Indian J. Pediatr 2013; 80, 183–189.
[2] Bhadade R, De’Souza R, Harde MJ, Mehta KS, Bhargava P. A Prospective Study of Acute Kidney Injury According to KDIGO Defi nition and its Mortality Predictors. J Assoc Physicians India. 2016; 64: 22- 28.
[3] Abd ElHafeez S, Tripepi G, Quinn R, Naga Y, Abdelmonem S, Mohamed AbdelHady M et al. Risk, predictors, and outcomes of acute kidney injury in patients admitted to intensive care units inEgypt Scientific Reports | 7: 17163 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-17264-7
[4] Magden K, Yildirim I, Kutu M, Ozdemir M, Peynir S, Altas A, Yildiz G, Hur E. Recovery process in patients followed-up due to acute kidney injury. Hippokratia 2013; 17(3):239–242.
[5] Chawla, L. S. & Kimmel, P. L. Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease: an integrated clinical syndrome. Kidney Int. 2012; 82, 516–524.
[6] Uchino S, Kellum JA, Bellomo R et al. Acute renal failure in critically ill patients: a multinational, multicenter study. JAMA 2005; 294: 813–818.
[7] Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Inter Suppl 2012; 2:1–138.
[8] Brown JR, Rezaee ME, Marshall EJ, Matheny ME. Hospital Mortality in the United States following Acute Kidney Injury. BioMed research international. 2016; 2016:4278579. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
[9] Dennen P, Douglas IS, Anderson R. Acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit: An update and primer for the intensivist. Crit Care Med 2010; 38:261-275.
[10] R. K. Hsu, C. E. McCulloch, R. A. Dudley, L. J. Lo, andC.-Y. Hsu, “Temporal changes in incidence of dialysis-requiring AKI,” Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 2013; 24(1):37–42.
[11] Basu G, Chrispal A, Boorugu H, Gopinath KG, Chandy S, Prakash JA, et al. Acute kidney injury in tropical acute febrile illness in a tertiary care centre--RIFLE criteria validation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26:524-31.
[12] Jain A, McDonald HI, Nitsch D, Tomlinson L, Thomas SL. Risk factors for developing acute kidney injury in older people with diabetes and community-acquiredpneumonia: a population-based UK cohort study. BMC Nephrol 2017; 18(1): 142.
[13] KHAN, T. M.; KHAN, K. N. M. Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Veterinary Pathology, 2015; 52(3):441-444.
[14] Naicker S, Aboud O, Gharbi MB. Epidemiology of acute kidney injury in Africa. Semin Nephrol 2008; 28:348‑53
[15] Saravu K, Rishikesh K, Parikh CR: Risk factors and outcomes stratified by severity of acute kidney injury in malaria. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90419.
[16] Cerdá J, Liu KD, Cruz DN, Jaber BL, Koyner JL, Heung M, et al. Promoting Kidney Function Recovery in Patients with AKI Requiring RRT. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015; 10(10):1859–67. doi:10.2215/CJN.01170215.
[17] Hickson, L. J., Chadhary, S., Williams, A. W. et al. Predictors of outpatient kidney function recovery among patients who initiate hemodialysis in the hospital. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015; 65: 592–602.
[18] Neugarten J, Golestaneh L and Kolhe N V. Sex differences in acute kidney injury requiring dialysis. BMC Nephrology 2018; 19:131.
[19] Posada I L, Cortés C. P, Villalva R. P, Fontana F, Romo R. R, Prieto R, et al. Gender Differences in the Acute Kidney Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease Transition. Sci Rep. 2017; 7: 12270 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-09630-2 1.
[20] Mosa O F, Fouad M A, Zafar T A, Fahmy A M, Alyazidi F and Rizk M. Epidemiology of acute kidney injury (aki) among hospitalized and outpatients frequent to al-lieth kidney unit (AKU). Epidemiology (Sunnyvale) 7: 317. doi:10.4172/2161-1165.1000317
[21] Bello BT, Busari AA, Amira CO, Raji YR, Braimoh RW. Acute kidney injury in Lagos: Pattern, outcomes, and predictors of inhospital mortality. Niger J Clin Pract 2017; 20:194-9.
[22] Murugan R, Kellum JA. Acute kidney injury: what’s the prognosis. Nat Rev Nephrol 2011; 7:209–217.
[23] Yang L. Acute kidney injury in Asia. Kidney Dis (Basel) 2016; 2(3):95–102CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
[24] Thanachartwet V, Desakorn V, Sahassananda D, Kyaw Win KK, Supaporn T. Acute renal failure in patients with severe falciparum malaria: using the WHO 2006 and RIFLE criteria, Int J Nephrol, 2013, vol. 2013 pg. 841518.
[25] Franzen D, Rupprecht C, Hauri D, Bleisch JA, Staubli M, Puhan MA. Predicting outcomes in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury undergoing intermittent hemodialysis – A retrospective cohort analysis. Int J Artif Organs 2010;33:15‑21.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Nagib Wazae Abuasba, Khalid Alwadee, Mushtaq Hasan Al-Hamadi. (2018). Frequency, Epidemiology and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients Admitted to Nephrology Center, Sana’a: Observational Study. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 6(5), 121-125. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20180605.15

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Nagib Wazae Abuasba; Khalid Alwadee; Mushtaq Hasan Al-Hamadi. Frequency, Epidemiology and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients Admitted to Nephrology Center, Sana’a: Observational Study. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2018, 6(5), 121-125. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20180605.15

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Nagib Wazae Abuasba, Khalid Alwadee, Mushtaq Hasan Al-Hamadi. Frequency, Epidemiology and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients Admitted to Nephrology Center, Sana’a: Observational Study. Am J Intern Med. 2018;6(5):121-125. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20180605.15

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajim.20180605.15,
      author = {Nagib Wazae Abuasba and Khalid Alwadee and Mushtaq Hasan Al-Hamadi},
      title = {Frequency, Epidemiology and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients Admitted to Nephrology Center, Sana’a: Observational Study},
      journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
      volume = {6},
      number = {5},
      pages = {121-125},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20180605.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20180605.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20180605.15},
      abstract = {Although acute kidney injury (AKI) in our setting is growing rapidly, the available data on the magnitude of this lethal problem are very limited. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence, epidemiology and outcome of AKI. A total of 143 hospitalized patients with AKI in Al Thawra General Hospital, nephrology department between July 2015 and December 2016 were enrolled. The mean age of the study population was 37.7 ± 8.4 years, and 68.5% of these patients were males. Almost 81.8% of cases were medically referred and malarial infection was the commonest cause of AKI (23%). Pre renal AKI was present in 65 patients (45.4%) and renal AKI in 78 patients (54.5%). Most cases were presented with clinical manifestation of volume overload (65%), oliguria (51.7%), anuria (16.7%), and high serum creatinine level. The majority of cases (58.7%) had recovered without dialysis. In-hospital mortality was observed in 11 patients (7.7%). Hepatic failure and malarial infection were the common causes of death. This study demonstrates low frequency of AKI in our setting. The etiologies of this lethal health problem are preventable and treatable in approximately half of cases. Late referral to hospital may contribute both to the progression of renal disease and also to high mortality.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Frequency, Epidemiology and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients Admitted to Nephrology Center, Sana’a: Observational Study
    AU  - Nagib Wazae Abuasba
    AU  - Khalid Alwadee
    AU  - Mushtaq Hasan Al-Hamadi
    Y1  - 2018/09/03
    PY  - 2018
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20180605.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajim.20180605.15
    T2  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
    JF  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
    JO  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
    SP  - 121
    EP  - 125
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-4324
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20180605.15
    AB  - Although acute kidney injury (AKI) in our setting is growing rapidly, the available data on the magnitude of this lethal problem are very limited. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence, epidemiology and outcome of AKI. A total of 143 hospitalized patients with AKI in Al Thawra General Hospital, nephrology department between July 2015 and December 2016 were enrolled. The mean age of the study population was 37.7 ± 8.4 years, and 68.5% of these patients were males. Almost 81.8% of cases were medically referred and malarial infection was the commonest cause of AKI (23%). Pre renal AKI was present in 65 patients (45.4%) and renal AKI in 78 patients (54.5%). Most cases were presented with clinical manifestation of volume overload (65%), oliguria (51.7%), anuria (16.7%), and high serum creatinine level. The majority of cases (58.7%) had recovered without dialysis. In-hospital mortality was observed in 11 patients (7.7%). Hepatic failure and malarial infection were the common causes of death. This study demonstrates low frequency of AKI in our setting. The etiologies of this lethal health problem are preventable and treatable in approximately half of cases. Late referral to hospital may contribute both to the progression of renal disease and also to high mortality.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Nephrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen

  • Nephrology Department, Al Thawra Hospital, Sana’a, Yemen

  • Nephrology Department, Al Thawra Hospital, Sana’a, Yemen

  • Sections