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Think, Tink or Sink, the Phonological Awareness of English Voiceless Interdental Fricative [θ] and [ð] Among Chinese, Arab and Pakistani Learners of English

Received: 10 March 2017     Accepted: 30 March 2017     Published: 15 May 2017
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Abstract

Phonology means the sounds of a language, how they are organized to form words. Phonological consciousness is that talent to understand and recognize that words and phrases comprise of different sound units [33]. The target of this study is to research the Phonological awareness of the English Voiceless Interdental Fricative [θ] and [ð] sounds Among Chinese, Arab and Pakistani learners of English. Twelve respondents took part in this study six respondents from China, four from Pakistan and two respondents from Egypt. A wordlist was given. This list consists of 50 words terms of dental fricatives [θ] and [ð] sounds. This wordlist selected mostly from common vocabulary to give the respondents the feeling of relaxing and unknowing what vocabulary would be analyzed. An evaluation paper ready-made adapted from a study for the fulfillment of the requirement for the master degree of arts [36]. The results state the dental fricatives [θ] and [ð] are replaced by /the/ and /d/ by most respondent especially the Pakistani and Chinese learners.

Published in American Journal of Education and Information Technology (Volume 1, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajeit.20170101.12
Page(s) 8-14
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Phonology, Voiceless Interdental Fricative [θ] and [ð] Sounds, Non-Native English Speakers, Native Language

References
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    Moustafa Mohammed El Sayed Shalabi. (2017). Think, Tink or Sink, the Phonological Awareness of English Voiceless Interdental Fricative [θ] and [ð] Among Chinese, Arab and Pakistani Learners of English. American Journal of Education and Information Technology, 1(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajeit.20170101.12

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    Moustafa Mohammed El Sayed Shalabi. Think, Tink or Sink, the Phonological Awareness of English Voiceless Interdental Fricative [θ] and [ð] Among Chinese, Arab and Pakistani Learners of English. Am. J. Educ. Inf. Technol. 2017, 1(1), 8-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ajeit.20170101.12

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    AMA Style

    Moustafa Mohammed El Sayed Shalabi. Think, Tink or Sink, the Phonological Awareness of English Voiceless Interdental Fricative [θ] and [ð] Among Chinese, Arab and Pakistani Learners of English. Am J Educ Inf Technol. 2017;1(1):8-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ajeit.20170101.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajeit.20170101.12,
      author = {Moustafa Mohammed El Sayed Shalabi},
      title = {Think, Tink or Sink, the Phonological Awareness of English Voiceless Interdental Fricative [θ] and [ð] Among Chinese, Arab and Pakistani Learners of English},
      journal = {American Journal of Education and Information Technology},
      volume = {1},
      number = {1},
      pages = {8-14},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajeit.20170101.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajeit.20170101.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajeit.20170101.12},
      abstract = {Phonology means the sounds of a language, how they are organized to form words. Phonological consciousness is that talent to understand and recognize that words and phrases comprise of different sound units [33]. The target of this study is to research the Phonological awareness of the English Voiceless Interdental Fricative [θ] and [ð] sounds Among Chinese, Arab and Pakistani learners of English. Twelve respondents took part in this study six respondents from China, four from Pakistan and two respondents from Egypt. A wordlist was given. This list consists of 50 words terms of dental fricatives [θ] and [ð] sounds. This wordlist selected mostly from common vocabulary to give the respondents the feeling of relaxing and unknowing what vocabulary would be analyzed. An evaluation paper ready-made adapted from a study for the fulfillment of the requirement for the master degree of arts [36]. The results state the dental fricatives [θ] and [ð] are replaced by /the/ and /d/ by most respondent especially the Pakistani and Chinese learners.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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    AU  - Moustafa Mohammed El Sayed Shalabi
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    JO  - American Journal of Education and Information Technology
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    AB  - Phonology means the sounds of a language, how they are organized to form words. Phonological consciousness is that talent to understand and recognize that words and phrases comprise of different sound units [33]. The target of this study is to research the Phonological awareness of the English Voiceless Interdental Fricative [θ] and [ð] sounds Among Chinese, Arab and Pakistani learners of English. Twelve respondents took part in this study six respondents from China, four from Pakistan and two respondents from Egypt. A wordlist was given. This list consists of 50 words terms of dental fricatives [θ] and [ð] sounds. This wordlist selected mostly from common vocabulary to give the respondents the feeling of relaxing and unknowing what vocabulary would be analyzed. An evaluation paper ready-made adapted from a study for the fulfillment of the requirement for the master degree of arts [36]. The results state the dental fricatives [θ] and [ð] are replaced by /the/ and /d/ by most respondent especially the Pakistani and Chinese learners.
    VL  - 1
    IS  - 1
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Author Information
  • Awang Had Salleh School of Graduate Studies, University Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia

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