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Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Dry Matter Yield and Water Productivity of Young Harerghe Coffee Genotypes at Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia

Received: 24 July 2021     Accepted: 6 August 2021     Published: 12 August 2021
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Abstract

Coffee plays an important role in Ethiopia's economy; it is a major source of revenue, accounting for almost 70% of total export earnings. However, the recurrent drought and seasonal moisture deficit impacted the coffee production. Therefore, the experiment was conducted to investigate the performance of Harerghe coffee genotypes under different deficit irrigation levels at Jimma (Malko) in rain shelter. Six Harerghe coffee genotypes seedlings with age of eleven months were subjected to three deficit irrigation levels (40, 80 and 120% of ETc) with randomized complete block design, which replicated three times. It was observed that different deficit levels significantly affected water productivity, dry mater yield production and growth traits for all genotypes. Based on mean values of total dry matter production, genotype H-823, H-957 and H-981 were classified as more productive than H-929 and H-979 under 80%ETc irrigations, while H-929 found to be less productive in terms of dry matter production. The 40%ETc of irrigation significantly improved water productivity, but, 120%ETc considerably reduced the water productivity of most genotypes. As supply of irrigation increased the water productivity was linearly decreased and opposite trend is observed for dry mater yield and plant growth. Regardless of genotypes, almost all genotypes differentially responded to irrigation amounts, the highest and lowest water productivity had produced from H-823 and H-929, respectively, but similar values was observed among H-857 and H-981. The genotype X irrigation interaction significantly impacted all measured plant traits. Among genotypes, H-823 produced highest water productivity under 80%ETc and followed by H-674, H-857 and H-929 under 40%ETc, while the lowest had from H-981 and H-674 with 120%ETc. In contrast, the 40%ETc significantly reduced dry matter production as well as inhibit plant growth. But, under 80%ETc coffee seedlings gave medium water productivity, maximum dry matter and promoted vegetative growth. However, this finding should further proofed with replicated field experiments under different agro-ecological conditions.

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 9, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210904.21
Page(s) 241-247
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Dry Matter Yield, Water Productivity, Coffee Genotypes, Deficit Irrigation

References
[1] ICO. 2021. International Coffee Organization. Annual Review. http://www.ico.org/
[2] Tesfaye, S. G, Ismail, M. R., and Mahmood, M., 2008. Effects of deficit irrigation and partial rootzone drying on growth, dry matter partitioning and water use efficiency in young coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plants. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol. 6 (3 & 4): 312-317. 2008.
[3] DaMatta, F. M. and Ramalho, J. D. C., 2006. Impacts of drought and temperature stress on coffee physiology and production: a review. Brazilian journal of plant physiology, 18 (1), pp. 55-81.
[4] DaMatta, F. M., 2004. Exploring drought tolerance in coffee: a physiological approach with some insights for plant breeding. Brazilian journal of plant physiology, 16 (1), pp. 1-6.
[5] Seckler D, Young, RA. 1985. The choices of irrigation technologies in California. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 67: 2.
[6] USDA. 1997. Agricultural resources and environmental indicators, 1996–97. Agricultural Handbook No. 712. Economic Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. (Available from http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/ah-agriculturalhandbook/ah712.aspx#.Ucwf_fnI2So) (Accessed on 27 June 2013).
[7] Sharma, B., David, M. and Simon C. n.d. Water use efficiency in agriculture: Measurement, current situation and trends. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), New Delhi, India, b.sharma@cgiar.org pp 51-52.
[8] Jensen, M. E. 2007. Beyond irrigation efficiency, Irrig. Sci., 25, 233–245, doi: 10.1007/s00271-007-0060-5.
[9] Viets, F. G. 1962. Fertiliser and efficient use of water. Advances in Agronomy 14: 223- 264.
[10] Steduto, P., Hsaio, T. C., Fereres, E. 2007. On the conservative behavior ofbiomass water productivity. Irrigation Science 25: 189-207.
[11] Li, Y. S. 1982. Evaluation of field soil moisture condition and the ways to improve crop water use efficiency in Weibei region. Journal of Agronomy in Shaanxi Province, 2, 1–8.
[12] Farahani, H. A., Valadabadi, S. A., Daneshian, J., Shiranirad, A. H. and Khalvati, M. A. 2013. Review on Medicinal and aromatic plants farming under drought conditions. African Journal of Plant Breeding Vol. 1 (5), pp. 083-088.
[13] Ludlow, M. M. and R. C. Muchow. 1990. A critical evaluation of traits for improving crop yields in water-limited environments. Adv. Agron. 43: 107–153.
[14] Yoo, C. Y., H. E. Pence, P. M. Hasegawa, and M. V. Mickelbart. 2009. Regulation of transpiration to improve crop water use. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 28: 410.
[15] Bassil, E. S. and Kaffka, S. R. 2002. Response of safflower (Carthamustinctorius L.) to saline soils and irrigation: I. Consumptive water use. Agr. Water Mgt. 54: 67–80.
[16] Morison, J. I.., Baker, N.., Mullineaux, P.., & Davies, W.. (2008). Improving water use in crop production. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 363 (1491), 639–658. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2007.2175.
[17] You-, B. Y, Dan-yan. C, Xiao, H., Yu-Hua L, Fuzhang, D. and Chantal K. 2012. Effects of different irrigation quantities on plant growth and photosynthesis characters of flue-cured tobacco. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol. 10 (2): pp 1160-1163.
[18] Taye, K. 2012. Biomass production and distribution in seedlings of Coffea arabica genotypes under contrasting nursery environments in southwestern Ethiopia. Agricultural Sciences, 3 (06), p. 835.
[19] Tesfaye, S. G., 2008. Effects of deficit irrigation and partial rootzone drying on growth, dry matter partitioning and water use efficiency in young coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plants.
[20] Kramer, P. J. 1969. Plant and water relationship. Mc Graw-Hill book company, New York, pp: 347-390.
[21] Rad, A. H. S. and Abbasian, A., 2011. Evaluation of drought tolerance in winter rapeseed cultivars based on tolerance and sensitivity indices. Žemdirbystė (Agriculture), 98 (1), pp. 41-48.
[22] Kaufmann MR (1968) Evaluation of the pressure chamber method. Proc Am Soc Hortic Sci 93: 186.
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    Minda Tadesse. (2021). Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Dry Matter Yield and Water Productivity of Young Harerghe Coffee Genotypes at Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 9(4), 241-247. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210904.21

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    Minda Tadesse. Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Dry Matter Yield and Water Productivity of Young Harerghe Coffee Genotypes at Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia. Am. J. Agric. For. 2021, 9(4), 241-247. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210904.21

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    AMA Style

    Minda Tadesse. Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Dry Matter Yield and Water Productivity of Young Harerghe Coffee Genotypes at Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia. Am J Agric For. 2021;9(4):241-247. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210904.21

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20210904.21,
      author = {Minda Tadesse},
      title = {Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Dry Matter Yield and Water Productivity of Young Harerghe Coffee Genotypes at Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia},
      journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
      volume = {9},
      number = {4},
      pages = {241-247},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20210904.21},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210904.21},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20210904.21},
      abstract = {Coffee plays an important role in Ethiopia's economy; it is a major source of revenue, accounting for almost 70% of total export earnings. However, the recurrent drought and seasonal moisture deficit impacted the coffee production. Therefore, the experiment was conducted to investigate the performance of Harerghe coffee genotypes under different deficit irrigation levels at Jimma (Malko) in rain shelter. Six Harerghe coffee genotypes seedlings with age of eleven months were subjected to three deficit irrigation levels (40, 80 and 120% of ETc) with randomized complete block design, which replicated three times. It was observed that different deficit levels significantly affected water productivity, dry mater yield production and growth traits for all genotypes. Based on mean values of total dry matter production, genotype H-823, H-957 and H-981 were classified as more productive than H-929 and H-979 under 80%ETc irrigations, while H-929 found to be less productive in terms of dry matter production. The 40%ETc of irrigation significantly improved water productivity, but, 120%ETc considerably reduced the water productivity of most genotypes. As supply of irrigation increased the water productivity was linearly decreased and opposite trend is observed for dry mater yield and plant growth. Regardless of genotypes, almost all genotypes differentially responded to irrigation amounts, the highest and lowest water productivity had produced from H-823 and H-929, respectively, but similar values was observed among H-857 and H-981. The genotype X irrigation interaction significantly impacted all measured plant traits. Among genotypes, H-823 produced highest water productivity under 80%ETc and followed by H-674, H-857 and H-929 under 40%ETc, while the lowest had from H-981 and H-674 with 120%ETc. In contrast, the 40%ETc significantly reduced dry matter production as well as inhibit plant growth. But, under 80%ETc coffee seedlings gave medium water productivity, maximum dry matter and promoted vegetative growth. However, this finding should further proofed with replicated field experiments under different agro-ecological conditions.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Dry Matter Yield and Water Productivity of Young Harerghe Coffee Genotypes at Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia
    AU  - Minda Tadesse
    Y1  - 2021/08/12
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210904.21
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210904.21
    T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
    JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
    JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
    SP  - 241
    EP  - 247
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8591
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210904.21
    AB  - Coffee plays an important role in Ethiopia's economy; it is a major source of revenue, accounting for almost 70% of total export earnings. However, the recurrent drought and seasonal moisture deficit impacted the coffee production. Therefore, the experiment was conducted to investigate the performance of Harerghe coffee genotypes under different deficit irrigation levels at Jimma (Malko) in rain shelter. Six Harerghe coffee genotypes seedlings with age of eleven months were subjected to three deficit irrigation levels (40, 80 and 120% of ETc) with randomized complete block design, which replicated three times. It was observed that different deficit levels significantly affected water productivity, dry mater yield production and growth traits for all genotypes. Based on mean values of total dry matter production, genotype H-823, H-957 and H-981 were classified as more productive than H-929 and H-979 under 80%ETc irrigations, while H-929 found to be less productive in terms of dry matter production. The 40%ETc of irrigation significantly improved water productivity, but, 120%ETc considerably reduced the water productivity of most genotypes. As supply of irrigation increased the water productivity was linearly decreased and opposite trend is observed for dry mater yield and plant growth. Regardless of genotypes, almost all genotypes differentially responded to irrigation amounts, the highest and lowest water productivity had produced from H-823 and H-929, respectively, but similar values was observed among H-857 and H-981. The genotype X irrigation interaction significantly impacted all measured plant traits. Among genotypes, H-823 produced highest water productivity under 80%ETc and followed by H-674, H-857 and H-929 under 40%ETc, while the lowest had from H-981 and H-674 with 120%ETc. In contrast, the 40%ETc significantly reduced dry matter production as well as inhibit plant growth. But, under 80%ETc coffee seedlings gave medium water productivity, maximum dry matter and promoted vegetative growth. However, this finding should further proofed with replicated field experiments under different agro-ecological conditions.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Agricultural Research Center, Jimma, Ethiopia

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