Effects of Declining Paper Industry on Nigeria Economy and the Way Forward

Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde; Rotowa Odunayo James

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11

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Effects of Declining Paper Industry on Nigeria Economy and the Way Forward

Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde, Rotowa Odunayo James

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 5, Issue 6)

Received: 20 August 2017 Accepted: 29 August 2017 Published: 6 November 2017

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Abstract

Nigeria paper industry has not reached the optimum performance level expected of it by planners despite the huge money spent on the establishment of pulp and paper mills in the country before it finally stop production in 1994 due to the high dependence on foreign inputs. This paper examines the problems militating against pulp and paper production in Nigeria and highlights the pathway for promoting optimal pulp and paper capacities locally. Commonly used tree species for pulp and paper production like Gmelina arborea, Pinus caribaea etc, are threatened due to high rate of deforestation and increasing demand of their wood for other economic purposes. Hence, none of the three primary pulp and paper mills established in the country by government within 1960’s to 1970’s performed optimally except The Nigerian Paper Mill, Jebba in the 1980’s as pulp and paper importation reduced drastically as a result of high capacity utilization in the mills. In 1985 and 1986, capacity utilization in Nigerian Paper Mill was 62.3% in 1960’s and 66.17% in the 1960’s. In 1996, The Nigeria Newsprint Manufacturing Company (NNMC), Oku Iboku also stopped production leading to complete dependence on importation of paper and paper products. In 2006, the mills were privatized, and, currently more than 500 billion naira is expended on importation of paper products annually. The only and urgent remedy is to put in place machinery for massive sustainable wood production. Likewise, the use of indigenous wood species and agricultural residues should be encouraged for long fiber pulp production. Efforts should further be made for a stable power supply from national grid to ensure the sustainability of industrial growth most especially in the pulp and paper industries.

Published in	American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 5, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11
Page(s)	181-187
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Forest Products, Pulp, Paper, Newsprint, Manufacturing, Industry

References

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APA Style

Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde, Rotowa Odunayo James. (2017). Effects of Declining Paper Industry on Nigeria Economy and the Way Forward. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 5(6), 181-187. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11

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ACS Style

Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde; Rotowa Odunayo James. Effects of Declining Paper Industry on Nigeria Economy and the Way Forward. Am. J. Agric. For. 2017, 5(6), 181-187. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11

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AMA Style

Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde, Rotowa Odunayo James. Effects of Declining Paper Industry on Nigeria Economy and the Way Forward. Am J Agric For. 2017;5(6):181-187. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11,
  author = {Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde and Rotowa Odunayo James},
  title = {Effects of Declining Paper Industry on Nigeria Economy and the Way Forward},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {181-187},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20170506.11},
  abstract = {Nigeria paper industry has not reached the optimum performance level expected of it by planners despite the huge money spent on the establishment of pulp and paper mills in the country before it finally stop production in 1994 due to the high dependence on foreign inputs. This paper examines the problems militating against pulp and paper production in Nigeria and highlights the pathway for promoting optimal pulp and paper capacities locally. Commonly used tree species for pulp and paper production like Gmelina arborea, Pinus caribaea etc, are threatened due to high rate of deforestation and increasing demand of their wood for other economic purposes. Hence, none of the three primary pulp and paper mills established in the country by government within 1960’s to 1970’s performed optimally except The Nigerian Paper Mill, Jebba in the 1980’s as pulp and paper importation reduced drastically as a result of high capacity utilization in the mills. In 1985 and 1986, capacity utilization in Nigerian Paper Mill was 62.3% in 1960’s and 66.17% in the 1960’s. In 1996, The Nigeria Newsprint Manufacturing Company (NNMC), Oku Iboku also stopped production leading to complete dependence on importation of paper and paper products. In 2006, the mills were privatized, and, currently more than 500 billion naira is expended on importation of paper products annually. The only and urgent remedy is to put in place machinery for massive sustainable wood production. Likewise, the use of indigenous wood species and agricultural residues should be encouraged for long fiber pulp production. Efforts should further be made for a stable power supply from national grid to ensure the sustainability of industrial growth most especially in the pulp and paper industries.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Declining Paper Industry on Nigeria Economy and the Way Forward
AU  - Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde
AU  - Rotowa Odunayo James
Y1  - 2017/11/06
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 181
EP  - 187
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11
AB  - Nigeria paper industry has not reached the optimum performance level expected of it by planners despite the huge money spent on the establishment of pulp and paper mills in the country before it finally stop production in 1994 due to the high dependence on foreign inputs. This paper examines the problems militating against pulp and paper production in Nigeria and highlights the pathway for promoting optimal pulp and paper capacities locally. Commonly used tree species for pulp and paper production like Gmelina arborea, Pinus caribaea etc, are threatened due to high rate of deforestation and increasing demand of their wood for other economic purposes. Hence, none of the three primary pulp and paper mills established in the country by government within 1960’s to 1970’s performed optimally except The Nigerian Paper Mill, Jebba in the 1980’s as pulp and paper importation reduced drastically as a result of high capacity utilization in the mills. In 1985 and 1986, capacity utilization in Nigerian Paper Mill was 62.3% in 1960’s and 66.17% in the 1960’s. In 1996, The Nigeria Newsprint Manufacturing Company (NNMC), Oku Iboku also stopped production leading to complete dependence on importation of paper and paper products. In 2006, the mills were privatized, and, currently more than 500 billion naira is expended on importation of paper products annually. The only and urgent remedy is to put in place machinery for massive sustainable wood production. Likewise, the use of indigenous wood species and agricultural residues should be encouraged for long fiber pulp production. Efforts should further be made for a stable power supply from national grid to ensure the sustainability of industrial growth most especially in the pulp and paper industries.
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde

Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Ecoutourism, Nasarawa State University Keffi, Keffi, Nigeria
Rotowa Odunayo James

Department of Forest Production and Products, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

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APA Style

Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde, Rotowa Odunayo James. (2017). Effects of Declining Paper Industry on Nigeria Economy and the Way Forward. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 5(6), 181-187. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11

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ACS Style

Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde; Rotowa Odunayo James. Effects of Declining Paper Industry on Nigeria Economy and the Way Forward. Am. J. Agric. For. 2017, 5(6), 181-187. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11

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AMA Style

Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde, Rotowa Odunayo James. Effects of Declining Paper Industry on Nigeria Economy and the Way Forward. Am J Agric For. 2017;5(6):181-187. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11,
  author = {Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde and Rotowa Odunayo James},
  title = {Effects of Declining Paper Industry on Nigeria Economy and the Way Forward},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {181-187},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20170506.11},
  abstract = {Nigeria paper industry has not reached the optimum performance level expected of it by planners despite the huge money spent on the establishment of pulp and paper mills in the country before it finally stop production in 1994 due to the high dependence on foreign inputs. This paper examines the problems militating against pulp and paper production in Nigeria and highlights the pathway for promoting optimal pulp and paper capacities locally. Commonly used tree species for pulp and paper production like Gmelina arborea, Pinus caribaea etc, are threatened due to high rate of deforestation and increasing demand of their wood for other economic purposes. Hence, none of the three primary pulp and paper mills established in the country by government within 1960’s to 1970’s performed optimally except The Nigerian Paper Mill, Jebba in the 1980’s as pulp and paper importation reduced drastically as a result of high capacity utilization in the mills. In 1985 and 1986, capacity utilization in Nigerian Paper Mill was 62.3% in 1960’s and 66.17% in the 1960’s. In 1996, The Nigeria Newsprint Manufacturing Company (NNMC), Oku Iboku also stopped production leading to complete dependence on importation of paper and paper products. In 2006, the mills were privatized, and, currently more than 500 billion naira is expended on importation of paper products annually. The only and urgent remedy is to put in place machinery for massive sustainable wood production. Likewise, the use of indigenous wood species and agricultural residues should be encouraged for long fiber pulp production. Efforts should further be made for a stable power supply from national grid to ensure the sustainability of industrial growth most especially in the pulp and paper industries.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Declining Paper Industry on Nigeria Economy and the Way Forward
AU  - Egbewole Zaccheaus Tunde
AU  - Rotowa Odunayo James
Y1  - 2017/11/06
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 181
EP  - 187
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170506.11
AB  - Nigeria paper industry has not reached the optimum performance level expected of it by planners despite the huge money spent on the establishment of pulp and paper mills in the country before it finally stop production in 1994 due to the high dependence on foreign inputs. This paper examines the problems militating against pulp and paper production in Nigeria and highlights the pathway for promoting optimal pulp and paper capacities locally. Commonly used tree species for pulp and paper production like Gmelina arborea, Pinus caribaea etc, are threatened due to high rate of deforestation and increasing demand of their wood for other economic purposes. Hence, none of the three primary pulp and paper mills established in the country by government within 1960’s to 1970’s performed optimally except The Nigerian Paper Mill, Jebba in the 1980’s as pulp and paper importation reduced drastically as a result of high capacity utilization in the mills. In 1985 and 1986, capacity utilization in Nigerian Paper Mill was 62.3% in 1960’s and 66.17% in the 1960’s. In 1996, The Nigeria Newsprint Manufacturing Company (NNMC), Oku Iboku also stopped production leading to complete dependence on importation of paper and paper products. In 2006, the mills were privatized, and, currently more than 500 billion naira is expended on importation of paper products annually. The only and urgent remedy is to put in place machinery for massive sustainable wood production. Likewise, the use of indigenous wood species and agricultural residues should be encouraged for long fiber pulp production. Efforts should further be made for a stable power supply from national grid to ensure the sustainability of industrial growth most especially in the pulp and paper industries.
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
ER  -

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