Impact of 60 Years of Intensive Rice Cropping on Clay Minerals in Soils Due to Si Exportation

Kamran Irfan; Fabienne Trolard; Tanvir Shahzad; Lise Cary; Jean-Claude Mouret; Guilhem Bourrié

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12

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Impact of 60 Years of Intensive Rice Cropping on Clay Minerals in Soils Due to Si Exportation

Kamran Irfan, Fabienne Trolard, Tanvir Shahzad, Lise Cary, Jean-Claude Mouret, Guilhem Bourrié

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 5, Issue 3)

Received: 2 February 2017 Accepted: 17 February 2017 Published: 14 April 2017

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Abstract

Rice is cultivated as staple for over half of the World’s population. In Camargue (South of France) rice fields have been established on very young soils developed from historic fluvial deposits of the Rhône River. The comparison of clay mineralogy in a paddy field cultivated for 60 years and in a control shows a significant increase of the clay crystallinity in the paddy field soil, which implies a decrease of their solubility. In the paddy soils, phytoliths, poorly crystallized clays, such as smectite and to a lesser extent kaolinite, are progressively dissolved to supply Si for rice requirements. The sustainability of the crop system requires the clearing of silica exportations.

Published in	American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 5, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12
Page(s)	40-48
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Clays, Crystallinity, Rice, Silicon

References

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APA Style

Kamran Irfan, Fabienne Trolard, Tanvir Shahzad, Lise Cary, Jean-Claude Mouret, et al. (2017). Impact of 60 Years of Intensive Rice Cropping on Clay Minerals in Soils Due to Si Exportation. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 5(3), 40-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12

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ACS Style

Kamran Irfan; Fabienne Trolard; Tanvir Shahzad; Lise Cary; Jean-Claude Mouret, et al. Impact of 60 Years of Intensive Rice Cropping on Clay Minerals in Soils Due to Si Exportation. Am. J. Agric. For. 2017, 5(3), 40-48. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12

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AMA Style

Kamran Irfan, Fabienne Trolard, Tanvir Shahzad, Lise Cary, Jean-Claude Mouret, et al. Impact of 60 Years of Intensive Rice Cropping on Clay Minerals in Soils Due to Si Exportation. Am J Agric For. 2017;5(3):40-48. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12,
  author = {Kamran Irfan and Fabienne Trolard and Tanvir Shahzad and Lise Cary and Jean-Claude Mouret and Guilhem Bourrié},
  title = {Impact of 60 Years of Intensive Rice Cropping on Clay Minerals in Soils Due to Si Exportation},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {5},
  number = {3},
  pages = {40-48},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20170503.12},
  abstract = {Rice is cultivated as staple for over half of the World’s population. In Camargue (South of France) rice fields have been established on very young soils developed from historic fluvial deposits of the Rhône River. The comparison of clay mineralogy in a paddy field cultivated for 60 years and in a control shows a significant increase of the clay crystallinity in the paddy field soil, which implies a decrease of their solubility. In the paddy soils, phytoliths, poorly crystallized clays, such as smectite and to a lesser extent kaolinite, are progressively dissolved to supply Si for rice requirements. The sustainability of the crop system requires the clearing of silica exportations.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of 60 Years of Intensive Rice Cropping on Clay Minerals in Soils Due to Si Exportation
AU  - Kamran Irfan
AU  - Fabienne Trolard
AU  - Tanvir Shahzad
AU  - Lise Cary
AU  - Jean-Claude Mouret
AU  - Guilhem Bourrié
Y1  - 2017/04/14
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 40
EP  - 48
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12
AB  - Rice is cultivated as staple for over half of the World’s population. In Camargue (South of France) rice fields have been established on very young soils developed from historic fluvial deposits of the Rhône River. The comparison of clay mineralogy in a paddy field cultivated for 60 years and in a control shows a significant increase of the clay crystallinity in the paddy field soil, which implies a decrease of their solubility. In the paddy soils, phytoliths, poorly crystallized clays, such as smectite and to a lesser extent kaolinite, are progressively dissolved to supply Si for rice requirements. The sustainability of the crop system requires the clearing of silica exportations.
VL  - 5
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Kamran Irfan

INRA (National Institute of Research in Agronomy), Université d’Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, UMR Emmah, Avignon, France
Fabienne Trolard

INRA (National Institute of Research in Agronomy), Université d’Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, UMR Emmah, Avignon, France
Tanvir Shahzad

Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Lise Cary

BRGM (French Geological Survey), Nord Pas-de-Calais Regional Direction, Lezennes, France
Jean-Claude Mouret

INRA (National Institute of Research in Agronomy), IRD (Institute of Research & Development), SupAgro Monptellier, UMR Innovation, Montpellier, France
Guilhem Bourrié

INRA (National Institute of Research in Agronomy), Université d’Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, UMR Emmah, Avignon, France

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kamran Irfan, Fabienne Trolard, Tanvir Shahzad, Lise Cary, Jean-Claude Mouret, et al. (2017). Impact of 60 Years of Intensive Rice Cropping on Clay Minerals in Soils Due to Si Exportation. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 5(3), 40-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12

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ACS Style

Kamran Irfan; Fabienne Trolard; Tanvir Shahzad; Lise Cary; Jean-Claude Mouret, et al. Impact of 60 Years of Intensive Rice Cropping on Clay Minerals in Soils Due to Si Exportation. Am. J. Agric. For. 2017, 5(3), 40-48. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12

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AMA Style

Kamran Irfan, Fabienne Trolard, Tanvir Shahzad, Lise Cary, Jean-Claude Mouret, et al. Impact of 60 Years of Intensive Rice Cropping on Clay Minerals in Soils Due to Si Exportation. Am J Agric For. 2017;5(3):40-48. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12,
  author = {Kamran Irfan and Fabienne Trolard and Tanvir Shahzad and Lise Cary and Jean-Claude Mouret and Guilhem Bourrié},
  title = {Impact of 60 Years of Intensive Rice Cropping on Clay Minerals in Soils Due to Si Exportation},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {5},
  number = {3},
  pages = {40-48},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20170503.12},
  abstract = {Rice is cultivated as staple for over half of the World’s population. In Camargue (South of France) rice fields have been established on very young soils developed from historic fluvial deposits of the Rhône River. The comparison of clay mineralogy in a paddy field cultivated for 60 years and in a control shows a significant increase of the clay crystallinity in the paddy field soil, which implies a decrease of their solubility. In the paddy soils, phytoliths, poorly crystallized clays, such as smectite and to a lesser extent kaolinite, are progressively dissolved to supply Si for rice requirements. The sustainability of the crop system requires the clearing of silica exportations.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of 60 Years of Intensive Rice Cropping on Clay Minerals in Soils Due to Si Exportation
AU  - Kamran Irfan
AU  - Fabienne Trolard
AU  - Tanvir Shahzad
AU  - Lise Cary
AU  - Jean-Claude Mouret
AU  - Guilhem Bourrié
Y1  - 2017/04/14
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 40
EP  - 48
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20170503.12
AB  - Rice is cultivated as staple for over half of the World’s population. In Camargue (South of France) rice fields have been established on very young soils developed from historic fluvial deposits of the Rhône River. The comparison of clay mineralogy in a paddy field cultivated for 60 years and in a control shows a significant increase of the clay crystallinity in the paddy field soil, which implies a decrease of their solubility. In the paddy soils, phytoliths, poorly crystallized clays, such as smectite and to a lesser extent kaolinite, are progressively dissolved to supply Si for rice requirements. The sustainability of the crop system requires the clearing of silica exportations.
VL  - 5
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download