On-farm Validation of Bread Wheat Innovations for Supporting Extension Package Formulation in Ethiopia

Aklilu Nigussie; Wasihun Legesse

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14

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On-farm Validation of Bread Wheat Innovations for Supporting Extension Package Formulation in Ethiopia

Aklilu Nigussie, Wasihun Legesse

Published in Advances in Applied Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 2)

Received: 18 March 2021 Accepted: 11 May 2021 Published: 10 June 2021

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Abstract

Bread wheat is an important crop type in the Ethiopian production system because of its dual function both as a staple crop that improves food security and income-generating. This study had three intervention treatments on the production sector with the selected method of substantive cost-benefit analysis. The objectives of this research were; to conduct partial budget analysis of the treatments and to improve the recommendations by incorporating the benefits derived from the production process with economic constraints and opportunities for improving bread wheat production systems in Ethiopia at smallholder level. This study presents the partial budget analysis (PBA) framework for the economic analysis of different bread wheat package treatments for their benefit returns. The on-farm experiment was conducted in Hetosa and Tiyo district (Oromia regional state of Ethiopia) and Minjar Shenkora districts (Amhara regional state of Ethiopia) to assess the cost and the return of the treatments. The study investigated for costs and benefits associated with adaptation approaches employed by the farmers on farm packages expressing in monetary term and identify the most effective and economic options based on general information and responses on station and trials with the necessary agronomic practices. Findings from this study shows that the packages tested for the two sample districts varies accordingly; in Oromia regional, state the average grain yield for ATA, Extension and New research package was found 5070, 4830 and 4130 kg per hectare while for Amhara regional state 3870, 4330 and 5000 kg per hectare. The thousands of kernel weight was 36.2, 34.7 and 39.3 for Oromia while 34.6, 38.7 and 33.1 grams. The hectoliter weight was found 69.7, 69.9 and 70.3 in Oromia while it was 77.7, 79.3 and 79.2 in Amhara. The average benefit cost ratio was 1.41, 1.34 and 1.20 for Oromia whereas 1.83, 1.45 and 1.97 in Amhara. This states that the ATA package had a good return in Oromia while new research package had 1.97 returns for 1 Birr invested in bread wheat production in Amhara. The net revenue in Oromia samples per hectare had 16,615.20 ($604.8), 16,602.67 ($604.4), and 8,518.33 ($310.1); whereas 15,413.73 ($561.1), 24,027.20 ($874.8), and 31,656.87 ($1,152.4) Eth.Birr per hectare in Amhara regional state. With the exchange rate of 1 USD=27.47 Eth.Birr. In Amhara the new research package has a worth net return while in the Oromia ATA package had a worth net return as compared to other package treatments.

Published in	Advances in Applied Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14
Page(s)	27-33
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cost Benefit Analysis, Bread Wheat, Marginal Return, Yield, Kernel Weight, Hectoliter Weight

References

[1]	Amadou Tidiane Sall et al, 2019. Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.): Origin, Cultivation and Potential Expansion in Sub-Saharan Africa; www.mdpi.com/journal/agronomy Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Saint-Louis 46024, Senegal.
[2]	CSA (Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia), 2015. Area and production of major crops, agricultural sample survey vol. 1, May 2015, Addis Ababa.
[3]	Cassman, K. G., and Grassini, P. (2020). A global perspective on sustainable intensification research. Nat. Sustain. 3, 262–268. doi: 10.1038/s41893-020-0507-8.
[4]	CRP-WHEAT (2016). Wheat Agri-Food Systems Proposal 2017-2022”. Research Program on Wheat, (CGIAR). https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10947/4421?show=full
[5]	FAO (2017). The Future of Food and Agriculture - Trends and Challenges. Rome: Food and Agriculture of the United Nations.
[6]	Diego NAZIRI et al., 2008. Durum wheat production in South-Eastern Ethiopian highlands: status, constraints and prospects: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267095321_Durum_wheat_production_in_South [accessed Jun 07 2021].
[7]	International Grains Council [IGC] (2020). World Grain Statistics 2016. https://www.igc.int/en/subscriptions/subscription.aspx (accessed June 07, 2021).
[8]	Kabbaj, H.; Sall, A. T.; Al-Abdallat, A.; Geleta, M.; Amri, A.; Filali-Maltouf, A.; Belkadi, B.; Ortiz, R.; Bassi, F. M. Genetic Diversity within a Global Panel of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum) Landraces and Modern Germplasm Reveals the History of Alleles Exchange. Front. Plant Sci. 2017, 8, 1277. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
[9]	Luo, M. C.; Yang, Z. L.; You, F. M. The structure of wild and domesticated emmer wheat populations, gene flow between them and the site of emmer domestication. Theor Appl. Genet. 2007, 114, 947–959. [Cross Ref].
[10]	Mengistu, D. K.; Kirosa, Y. A. Y.; Pè, M. E. Phenotypic diversity in Ethiopian durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) landraces. Crop J. 2015, 3, 190–199. [Cross Ref].
[11]	National Research Council. Lost Crops of Africa: Volume I: Grains; the National Academies Press: Washington, DC, USA, 1996.
[12]	The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia; Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP) 2010/11-2014/15; Draft; Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (MoFED); September 2010 Addis Ababa.
[13]	Sopiwnyk, E. (2018). “Durum production and consumption, a global perspective,” in Sustainable Production of Durum Wheat in Canada, (Bannockburn, IL: Barilla America Inc), 5–9.
[14]	Takele Zegeye et al., 2000. Estimating costs and benefits on crop production; A Simplified Guide for Smallholder Farmers in Ethiopia: Regional Land Management Unit (RELMA), Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Sida.
[15]	Warner, J., Stehulak T. and Kasa L. 2015. Woreda-Level Crop Production Rankings in Ethiopia: Agricultural Transformation Agency (ATA) and International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

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APA Style

Aklilu Nigussie, Wasihun Legesse. (2021). On-farm Validation of Bread Wheat Innovations for Supporting Extension Package Formulation in Ethiopia. Advances in Applied Sciences, 6(2), 27-33. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14

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ACS Style

Aklilu Nigussie; Wasihun Legesse. On-farm Validation of Bread Wheat Innovations for Supporting Extension Package Formulation in Ethiopia. Adv. Appl. Sci. 2021, 6(2), 27-33. doi: 10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14

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AMA Style

Aklilu Nigussie, Wasihun Legesse. On-farm Validation of Bread Wheat Innovations for Supporting Extension Package Formulation in Ethiopia. Adv Appl Sci. 2021;6(2):27-33. doi: 10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14

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@article{10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14,
  author = {Aklilu Nigussie and Wasihun Legesse},
  title = {On-farm Validation of Bread Wheat Innovations for Supporting Extension Package Formulation in Ethiopia},
  journal = {Advances in Applied Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {27-33},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aas.20210602.14},
  abstract = {Bread wheat is an important crop type in the Ethiopian production system because of its dual function both as a staple crop that improves food security and income-generating. This study had three intervention treatments on the production sector with the selected method of substantive cost-benefit analysis. The objectives of this research were; to conduct partial budget analysis of the treatments and to improve the recommendations by incorporating the benefits derived from the production process with economic constraints and opportunities for improving bread wheat production systems in Ethiopia at smallholder level. This study presents the partial budget analysis (PBA) framework for the economic analysis of different bread wheat package treatments for their benefit returns. The on-farm experiment was conducted in Hetosa and Tiyo district (Oromia regional state of Ethiopia) and Minjar Shenkora districts (Amhara regional state of Ethiopia) to assess the cost and the return of the treatments. The study investigated for costs and benefits associated with adaptation approaches employed by the farmers on farm packages expressing in monetary term and identify the most effective and economic options based on general information and responses on station and trials with the necessary agronomic practices. Findings from this study shows that the packages tested for the two sample districts varies accordingly; in Oromia regional, state the average grain yield for ATA, Extension and New research package was found 5070, 4830 and 4130 kg per hectare while for Amhara regional state 3870, 4330 and 5000 kg per hectare. The thousands of kernel weight was 36.2, 34.7 and 39.3 for Oromia while 34.6, 38.7 and 33.1 grams. The hectoliter weight was found 69.7, 69.9 and 70.3 in Oromia while it was 77.7, 79.3 and 79.2 in Amhara. The average benefit cost ratio was 1.41, 1.34 and 1.20 for Oromia whereas 1.83, 1.45 and 1.97 in Amhara. This states that the ATA package had a good return in Oromia while new research package had 1.97 returns for 1 Birr invested in bread wheat production in Amhara. The net revenue in Oromia samples per hectare had 16,615.20 ($604.8), 16,602.67 ($604.4), and 8,518.33 ($310.1); whereas 15,413.73 ($561.1), 24,027.20 ($874.8), and 31,656.87 ($1,152.4) Eth.Birr per hectare in Amhara regional state. With the exchange rate of 1 USD=27.47 Eth.Birr. In Amhara the new research package has a worth net return while in the Oromia ATA package had a worth net return as compared to other package treatments.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - On-farm Validation of Bread Wheat Innovations for Supporting Extension Package Formulation in Ethiopia
AU  - Aklilu Nigussie
AU  - Wasihun Legesse
Y1  - 2021/06/10
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14
T2  - Advances in Applied Sciences
JF  - Advances in Applied Sciences
JO  - Advances in Applied Sciences
SP  - 27
EP  - 33
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1514
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14
AB  - Bread wheat is an important crop type in the Ethiopian production system because of its dual function both as a staple crop that improves food security and income-generating. This study had three intervention treatments on the production sector with the selected method of substantive cost-benefit analysis. The objectives of this research were; to conduct partial budget analysis of the treatments and to improve the recommendations by incorporating the benefits derived from the production process with economic constraints and opportunities for improving bread wheat production systems in Ethiopia at smallholder level. This study presents the partial budget analysis (PBA) framework for the economic analysis of different bread wheat package treatments for their benefit returns. The on-farm experiment was conducted in Hetosa and Tiyo district (Oromia regional state of Ethiopia) and Minjar Shenkora districts (Amhara regional state of Ethiopia) to assess the cost and the return of the treatments. The study investigated for costs and benefits associated with adaptation approaches employed by the farmers on farm packages expressing in monetary term and identify the most effective and economic options based on general information and responses on station and trials with the necessary agronomic practices. Findings from this study shows that the packages tested for the two sample districts varies accordingly; in Oromia regional, state the average grain yield for ATA, Extension and New research package was found 5070, 4830 and 4130 kg per hectare while for Amhara regional state 3870, 4330 and 5000 kg per hectare. The thousands of kernel weight was 36.2, 34.7 and 39.3 for Oromia while 34.6, 38.7 and 33.1 grams. The hectoliter weight was found 69.7, 69.9 and 70.3 in Oromia while it was 77.7, 79.3 and 79.2 in Amhara. The average benefit cost ratio was 1.41, 1.34 and 1.20 for Oromia whereas 1.83, 1.45 and 1.97 in Amhara. This states that the ATA package had a good return in Oromia while new research package had 1.97 returns for 1 Birr invested in bread wheat production in Amhara. The net revenue in Oromia samples per hectare had 16,615.20 ($604.8), 16,602.67 ($604.4), and 8,518.33 ($310.1); whereas 15,413.73 ($561.1), 24,027.20 ($874.8), and 31,656.87 ($1,152.4) Eth.Birr per hectare in Amhara regional state. With the exchange rate of 1 USD=27.47 Eth.Birr. In Amhara the new research package has a worth net return while in the Oromia ATA package had a worth net return as compared to other package treatments.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Aklilu Nigussie

Ethiopian Institutes of Agricultural Research, Debre-Zeit Agricultural Research Centre, Department of Agricultural Economics Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Wasihun Legesse

Ethiopian Institutes of Agricultural Research, Debre-Zeit Agricultural Research Centre, Department of Crop Science Research-Bread Wheat-Project, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Aklilu Nigussie, Wasihun Legesse. (2021). On-farm Validation of Bread Wheat Innovations for Supporting Extension Package Formulation in Ethiopia. Advances in Applied Sciences, 6(2), 27-33. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14

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ACS Style

Aklilu Nigussie; Wasihun Legesse. On-farm Validation of Bread Wheat Innovations for Supporting Extension Package Formulation in Ethiopia. Adv. Appl. Sci. 2021, 6(2), 27-33. doi: 10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14

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AMA Style

Aklilu Nigussie, Wasihun Legesse. On-farm Validation of Bread Wheat Innovations for Supporting Extension Package Formulation in Ethiopia. Adv Appl Sci. 2021;6(2):27-33. doi: 10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14,
  author = {Aklilu Nigussie and Wasihun Legesse},
  title = {On-farm Validation of Bread Wheat Innovations for Supporting Extension Package Formulation in Ethiopia},
  journal = {Advances in Applied Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {27-33},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aas.20210602.14},
  abstract = {Bread wheat is an important crop type in the Ethiopian production system because of its dual function both as a staple crop that improves food security and income-generating. This study had three intervention treatments on the production sector with the selected method of substantive cost-benefit analysis. The objectives of this research were; to conduct partial budget analysis of the treatments and to improve the recommendations by incorporating the benefits derived from the production process with economic constraints and opportunities for improving bread wheat production systems in Ethiopia at smallholder level. This study presents the partial budget analysis (PBA) framework for the economic analysis of different bread wheat package treatments for their benefit returns. The on-farm experiment was conducted in Hetosa and Tiyo district (Oromia regional state of Ethiopia) and Minjar Shenkora districts (Amhara regional state of Ethiopia) to assess the cost and the return of the treatments. The study investigated for costs and benefits associated with adaptation approaches employed by the farmers on farm packages expressing in monetary term and identify the most effective and economic options based on general information and responses on station and trials with the necessary agronomic practices. Findings from this study shows that the packages tested for the two sample districts varies accordingly; in Oromia regional, state the average grain yield for ATA, Extension and New research package was found 5070, 4830 and 4130 kg per hectare while for Amhara regional state 3870, 4330 and 5000 kg per hectare. The thousands of kernel weight was 36.2, 34.7 and 39.3 for Oromia while 34.6, 38.7 and 33.1 grams. The hectoliter weight was found 69.7, 69.9 and 70.3 in Oromia while it was 77.7, 79.3 and 79.2 in Amhara. The average benefit cost ratio was 1.41, 1.34 and 1.20 for Oromia whereas 1.83, 1.45 and 1.97 in Amhara. This states that the ATA package had a good return in Oromia while new research package had 1.97 returns for 1 Birr invested in bread wheat production in Amhara. The net revenue in Oromia samples per hectare had 16,615.20 ($604.8), 16,602.67 ($604.4), and 8,518.33 ($310.1); whereas 15,413.73 ($561.1), 24,027.20 ($874.8), and 31,656.87 ($1,152.4) Eth.Birr per hectare in Amhara regional state. With the exchange rate of 1 USD=27.47 Eth.Birr. In Amhara the new research package has a worth net return while in the Oromia ATA package had a worth net return as compared to other package treatments.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - On-farm Validation of Bread Wheat Innovations for Supporting Extension Package Formulation in Ethiopia
AU  - Aklilu Nigussie
AU  - Wasihun Legesse
Y1  - 2021/06/10
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14
T2  - Advances in Applied Sciences
JF  - Advances in Applied Sciences
JO  - Advances in Applied Sciences
SP  - 27
EP  - 33
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1514
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aas.20210602.14
AB  - Bread wheat is an important crop type in the Ethiopian production system because of its dual function both as a staple crop that improves food security and income-generating. This study had three intervention treatments on the production sector with the selected method of substantive cost-benefit analysis. The objectives of this research were; to conduct partial budget analysis of the treatments and to improve the recommendations by incorporating the benefits derived from the production process with economic constraints and opportunities for improving bread wheat production systems in Ethiopia at smallholder level. This study presents the partial budget analysis (PBA) framework for the economic analysis of different bread wheat package treatments for their benefit returns. The on-farm experiment was conducted in Hetosa and Tiyo district (Oromia regional state of Ethiopia) and Minjar Shenkora districts (Amhara regional state of Ethiopia) to assess the cost and the return of the treatments. The study investigated for costs and benefits associated with adaptation approaches employed by the farmers on farm packages expressing in monetary term and identify the most effective and economic options based on general information and responses on station and trials with the necessary agronomic practices. Findings from this study shows that the packages tested for the two sample districts varies accordingly; in Oromia regional, state the average grain yield for ATA, Extension and New research package was found 5070, 4830 and 4130 kg per hectare while for Amhara regional state 3870, 4330 and 5000 kg per hectare. The thousands of kernel weight was 36.2, 34.7 and 39.3 for Oromia while 34.6, 38.7 and 33.1 grams. The hectoliter weight was found 69.7, 69.9 and 70.3 in Oromia while it was 77.7, 79.3 and 79.2 in Amhara. The average benefit cost ratio was 1.41, 1.34 and 1.20 for Oromia whereas 1.83, 1.45 and 1.97 in Amhara. This states that the ATA package had a good return in Oromia while new research package had 1.97 returns for 1 Birr invested in bread wheat production in Amhara. The net revenue in Oromia samples per hectare had 16,615.20 ($604.8), 16,602.67 ($604.4), and 8,518.33 ($310.1); whereas 15,413.73 ($561.1), 24,027.20 ($874.8), and 31,656.87 ($1,152.4) Eth.Birr per hectare in Amhara regional state. With the exchange rate of 1 USD=27.47 Eth.Birr. In Amhara the new research package has a worth net return while in the Oromia ATA package had a worth net return as compared to other package treatments.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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